Non-AIDS-defining malignancies in Japanese hemophiliacs with HIV-1 infection
Along improvement of prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients due to successful anti-retroviral therapy, main causes of death in the patients have been changing from AIDS to non-AIDS defining malignancies (NADM) recently. However, little is known about the prevalence and incidence of NADM in patients, a...
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| Published in | Global Health & Medicine Vol. 1; no. 1; pp. 49 - 54 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Japan
National Center for Global Health and Medicine
31.10.2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2434-9186 2434-9194 2434-9194 |
| DOI | 10.35772/ghm.2019.01015 |
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| Abstract | Along improvement of prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients due to successful anti-retroviral therapy, main causes of death in the patients have been changing from AIDS to non-AIDS defining malignancies (NADM) recently. However, little is known about the prevalence and incidence of NADM in patients, and especially in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs. We prospectively conducted NADM screening with FDG-PET, chest CT, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, tumor markers, and stool occult blood in hemophiliacs with a mean age of 48.9 years. Screening was done twice from December 2016 through March 2019; the first screening was used to calculate prevalence in 69 patients and the second was used to calculate incidence in 56 patients. The first screening revealed 4 cases of malignancies; three were cases of thyroid cancer and one was a case of a neuroendocrine tumor in the pancreas; prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI: 0.2-11.4%). During a mean follow-up of 1.2 years with 68.2 person-years (PYs), cancer was diagnosed in 2 cases (pancreatic and liver cancer) during the second screening. Incidence was 2.99/100 PY. It can be speculated that there might be around 40 cases of undiagnosed NADM currently and 20 cases of new NADM annually in this population, because 718 HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs are surviving in Japan according to the 2018 Nationwide Survey on Coagulation Disorders. Screening for NADM in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs at other hospitals is strongly recommended. |
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| AbstractList | Along improvement of prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients due to successful anti-retroviral therapy, main causes of death in the patients have been changing from AIDS to non-AIDS defining malignancies (NADM) recently. However, little is known about the prevalence and incidence of NADM in patients, and especially in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs. We prospectively conducted NADM screening with FDG-PET, chest CT, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, tumor markers, and stool occult blood in hemophiliacs with a mean age of 48.9 years. Screening was done twice from December 2016 through March 2019; the first screening was used to calculate prevalence in 69 patients and the second was used to calculate incidence in 56 patients. The first screening revealed 4 cases of malignancies; three were cases of thyroid cancer and one was a case of a neuroendocrine tumor in the pancreas; prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI: 0.2-11.4%). During a mean follow-up of 1.2 years with 68.2 person-years (PYs), cancer was diagnosed in 2 cases (pancreatic and liver cancer) during the second screening. Incidence was 2.99/100 PY. It can be speculated that there might be around 40 cases of undiagnosed NADM currently and 20 cases of new NADM annually in this population, because 718 HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs are surviving in Japan according to the 2018 Nationwide Survey on Coagulation Disorders. Screening for NADM in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs at other hospitals is strongly recommended. Along improvement of prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients due to successful anti-retroviral therapy, main causes of death in the patients have been changing from AIDS to non-AIDS defining malignancies (NADM) recently. However, little is known about the prevalence and incidence of NADM in patients, and especially in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs. We prospectively conducted NADM screening with FDG-PET, chest CT, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, tumor markers, and stool occult blood in hemophiliacs with a mean age of 48.9 years. Screening was done twice from December 2016 through March 2019; the first screening was used to calculate prevalence in 69 patients and the second was used to calculate incidence in 56 patients. The first screening revealed 4 cases of malignancies; three were cases of thyroid cancer and one was a case of a neuroendocrine tumor in the pancreas; prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI: 0.2-11.4%). During a mean follow-up of 1.2 years with 68.2 person-years (PYs), cancer was diagnosed in 2 cases (pancreatic and liver cancer) during the second screening. Incidence was 2.99/100 PY. It can be speculated that there might be around 40 cases of undiagnosed NADM currently and 20 cases of new NADM annually in this population, because 718 HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs are surviving in Japan according to the 2018 Nationwide Survey on Coagulation Disorders. Screening for NADM in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs at other hospitals is strongly recommended.Along improvement of prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients due to successful anti-retroviral therapy, main causes of death in the patients have been changing from AIDS to non-AIDS defining malignancies (NADM) recently. However, little is known about the prevalence and incidence of NADM in patients, and especially in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs. We prospectively conducted NADM screening with FDG-PET, chest CT, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, tumor markers, and stool occult blood in hemophiliacs with a mean age of 48.9 years. Screening was done twice from December 2016 through March 2019; the first screening was used to calculate prevalence in 69 patients and the second was used to calculate incidence in 56 patients. The first screening revealed 4 cases of malignancies; three were cases of thyroid cancer and one was a case of a neuroendocrine tumor in the pancreas; prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI: 0.2-11.4%). During a mean follow-up of 1.2 years with 68.2 person-years (PYs), cancer was diagnosed in 2 cases (pancreatic and liver cancer) during the second screening. Incidence was 2.99/100 PY. It can be speculated that there might be around 40 cases of undiagnosed NADM currently and 20 cases of new NADM annually in this population, because 718 HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs are surviving in Japan according to the 2018 Nationwide Survey on Coagulation Disorders. Screening for NADM in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs at other hospitals is strongly recommended. |
| Author | Takano, Misao Tajima, Tsuyoshi the Cancer Screening in Hemophiliac/HIV Patient Study Group Oka, Shinichi Ogata, Mikiko Kikuchi, Yoshimi Nagata, Naoyoshi Hotta, Masatoshi Minamimoto, Ryogo Tsukada, Kunihisa Teruya, Katsuji Gatanaga, Hiroyuki |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1038/s41598-017-15214-x 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000243 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30172-6 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2014.04.001 10.1093/jac/dky234 10.7326/0003-4819-148-10-200805200-00005 10.1016/S2352-3018(17)30066-8 10.1186/s12885-018-4963-8 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2009.00517.x 10.1007/s13365-017-0580-6 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60604-8 10.1007/s12149-012-0660-x 10.2174/1874613601711010018 10.1371/journal.pone.0186255 10.7326/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00003 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61113-7 10.2214/AJR.13.12363 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318200d727 |
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| References_xml | – reference: 6. Heaton RK, Clifford DB, Franklin DR Jr, et al. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders persist in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy: CHARTER Study. Neurology. 2010; 75:2087-2096. – reference: 10. Shiels MS, Althoff KN, Pfeiffer RM. HIV infection, immunosuppression, and age at diagnosis of non-AIDS-defining cancers. Clin Infect Dis. 2017; 64:468-475. – reference: 2. Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration. Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: a collaborative analysis of 14 cohort studies. Lancet. 2008; 372:293-299. – reference: 17. Merchante N, Rivero-Juárez A, Téllez F, et al. Sustained virological response to direct-acting antiviral regimens reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with cirrhosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018; 73:2435-2443. – reference: 15. Miuma S, Hidaka M, Takatsuki M, Natsuda K, Soyama A, Miyaaki H, Kanda Y, Tamada Y, Shibata H, Ozawa E, Taura N, Eguchi S, Nakao K. Current characteristics of hemophilia patients co-infected with HIV/HCV in Japan. Exp Ther Med. 2018; 15:2148-2155. – reference: 19. Minamimoto R, Senda M, Jinnouchi S, et al. The current status of an FDG-PET cancer screening program in Japan, based on a 4-year (2006–2009) nationwide survey. Ann Nucl Med. 2013; 27:46-57. – reference: 3. May MT, Gompels M, Delpech V, et al. Impact on life expectancy of HIV-1 positive individuals of CD4+ cell count and viral load response to antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2014; 28:1193-1202. – reference: 4. Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration. Survival of HIV-positive patients starting antiretroviral therapy between 1996 and 2013: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies. Lancet HIV. 2017; 4:e349-e356. – reference: 5. Nishijima T, Kawasaki Y, Mutoh Y, Tomonari K, Tsukada K, Kikuchi Y, Gatanaga H, Oka S. Prevalence and factors associated with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease in HIV-1-infected Asian patients in Tokyo. Sci Rep. 2017; 7:14565. – reference: 13. Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Oka SI, Fukutake K, Higasa S, Yatsuhashi H, Ogane M, Okamoto M, Shirasaka T. Clinical improvement by switching to an integrase strand transfer inhibitor in hemophiliac patients with HIV: the Japan cohort study of HIV patients infected through blood products. Open AIDS J. 2017; 11:18-23. – reference: 7. Kinai E, Komatsu K, Sakamoto M, Taniguchi T, Nakao A, Igari H, Takada K, Watanabe A, Takahashi-Nakazato A, Takano M, Kikuchi Y, Oka S; Study Group for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Japanese (J-HAND study group). Association of age and time of disease with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: a Japanese nationwide multicenter study. J Neurovirol. 2017; 23:864-874. – reference: 8. Patel P, Hanson DL, Sullivan PS, Novak RM, Moorman AC, Tong TC, Holmberg SD, Brooks JT; Adult and Adolescent Spectrum of Disease Project and HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. Incidence of types of cancer among HIV-infected persons compared with the general population in the United States, 1992-2003. Ann Intern Med. 2008; 148:728-736. – reference: 22. Lebastchi AH, Callender GG. Thyroid cancer. Curr Probl Cancer. 2014; 38:48-74. – reference: 18. Project commissioned by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. 2018 Nationwide Survey on Coagulation Disorders. http://api-net.jfap.or.jp/library/alliedEnt/02/index.html (accessed July 16, 2019). – reference: 11. Smith CJ, Ryom L, Weber R, et al. Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from 1999 to 2011 (D:A:D): a multicohort collaboration. Lancet. 2014; 384:241-248. – reference: 20. Shivamurthy VK, Tahari AK, Marcus C, Subramaniam RM. Brain FDG PET and the diagnosis of dementia. Am J Roentgenol. 2015; 204: W76-85. – reference: 1. Lohse N, Hansen AB, Pedersen G, Kronborg G, Gerstoft J, Sørensen HT, Vaeth M, Obel N. Survival of persons with and without HIV infection in Denmark, 1995-2005. Ann Intern Med. 2007; 146:87-95. – reference: 21. Cabanillas ME, McFadden DG, Durante C. Thyroid cancer. Lancet. 2016; 388: 2783-2795. – reference: 14. Yotsuyanagi H, Kikuchi Y, Tsukada K, et al. Chronic hepatitis C in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Japan: a retrospective multicenter analysis. Hepatol Res. 2009; 39:657-663. – reference: 9. Nagata N, Nishijima T, Niikura R, Yokoyama T, Matsushita Y, Watanabe K, Teruya K, Kikuchi Y, Akiyama J, Yanase M, Uemura N, Oka S, Gatanaga H. Increased risk of non-AIDS-defining cancers in Asian HIV-infected patients: a long-term cohort study. BMC Cancer. 2018; 18:1066. – reference: 16. Uemura H, Tsukada K, Mizushima D, Aoki T, Watanabe K, Kinai E, Teruya K, Gatanaga H, Kikuchi Y, Sugiyama M, Mizokami M, Oka S. Interferon-free therapy with direct acting antivirals for HCV/HIV-1 co-infected Japanese patients with inherited bleeding disorders. PLoS One. 2017; 12: e0186255. – reference: 12. Kurimura T, Kawatani T, Hattori N, Tsuchie H. Prevalence and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Japan. AIDS Res. 1986; 2 Suppl 1:S163-6. – ident: 18 – ident: 5 doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15214-x – ident: 3 doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000243 – ident: 21 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30172-6 – ident: 22 doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2014.04.001 – ident: 12 – ident: 17 doi: 10.1093/jac/dky234 – ident: 8 doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-148-10-200805200-00005 – ident: 4 doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(17)30066-8 – ident: 10 – ident: 9 doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4963-8 – ident: 14 doi: 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2009.00517.x – ident: 15 – ident: 7 doi: 10.1007/s13365-017-0580-6 – ident: 11 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60604-8 – ident: 19 doi: 10.1007/s12149-012-0660-x – ident: 13 doi: 10.2174/1874613601711010018 – ident: 16 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186255 – ident: 1 doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00003 – ident: 2 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61113-7 – ident: 20 doi: 10.2214/AJR.13.12363 – ident: 6 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318200d727 |
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