Determination of Transdermal Rate of Metallic Microneedle Array through an Impedance Measurements-Based Numerical Check Screening Algorithm
Microneedle systems have been widely used in health monitoring, painless drug delivery, and medical cosmetology. Although many studies on microneedle materials, structures, and applications have been conducted, the applications of microneedles often suffered from issues of inconsistent penetration r...
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| Published in | Micromachines (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 5; p. 718 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
MDPI AG
30.04.2022
MDPI |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2072-666X 2072-666X |
| DOI | 10.3390/mi13050718 |
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| Abstract | Microneedle systems have been widely used in health monitoring, painless drug delivery, and medical cosmetology. Although many studies on microneedle materials, structures, and applications have been conducted, the applications of microneedles often suffered from issues of inconsistent penetration rates due to the complication of skin-microneedle interface. In this study, we demonstrated a methodology of determination of transdermal rate of metallic microneedle array through impedance measurements-based numerical check screening algorithm. Metallic sheet microneedle array sensors with different sizes were fabricated to evaluate different transdermal rates. In vitro sensing of hydrogen peroxide confirmed the effect of transdermal rate on the sensing outcomes. An FEM simulation model of a microneedle array revealed the monotonous relation between the transdermal state and test current. Accordingly, two methods were primely derived to calculate the transdermal rate from the test current. First, an exact logic method provided the number of unpenetrated tips per sheet, but it required more rigorous testing results. Second, a fuzzy logic method provided an approximate transdermal rate on adjacent areas, being more applicable and robust to errors. Real-time transdermal rate estimation may be essential for improving the performance of microneedle systems, and this study provides various fundaments toward that goal. |
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| AbstractList | Microneedle systems have been widely used in health monitoring, painless drug delivery, and medical cosmetology. Although many studies on microneedle materials, structures, and applications have been conducted, the applications of microneedles often suffered from issues of inconsistent penetration rates due to the complication of skin-microneedle interface. In this study, we demonstrated a methodology of determination of transdermal rate of metallic microneedle array through impedance measurements-based numerical check screening algorithm. Metallic sheet microneedle array sensors with different sizes were fabricated to evaluate different transdermal rates. In vitro sensing of hydrogen peroxide confirmed the effect of transdermal rate on the sensing outcomes. An FEM simulation model of a microneedle array revealed the monotonous relation between the transdermal state and test current. Accordingly, two methods were primely derived to calculate the transdermal rate from the test current. First, an exact logic method provided the number of unpenetrated tips per sheet, but it required more rigorous testing results. Second, a fuzzy logic method provided an approximate transdermal rate on adjacent areas, being more applicable and robust to errors. Real-time transdermal rate estimation may be essential for improving the performance of microneedle systems, and this study provides various fundaments toward that goal. Microneedle systems have been widely used in health monitoring, painless drug delivery, and medical cosmetology. Although many studies on microneedle materials, structures, and applications have been conducted, the applications of microneedles often suffered from issues of inconsistent penetration rates due to the complication of skin-microneedle interface. In this study, we demonstrated a methodology of determination of transdermal rate of metallic microneedle array through impedance measurements-based numerical check screening algorithm. Metallic sheet microneedle array sensors with different sizes were fabricated to evaluate different transdermal rates. In vitro sensing of hydrogen peroxide confirmed the effect of transdermal rate on the sensing outcomes. An FEM simulation model of a microneedle array revealed the monotonous relation between the transdermal state and test current. Accordingly, two methods were primely derived to calculate the transdermal rate from the test current. First, an exact logic method provided the number of unpenetrated tips per sheet, but it required more rigorous testing results. Second, a fuzzy logic method provided an approximate transdermal rate on adjacent areas, being more applicable and robust to errors. Real-time transdermal rate estimation may be essential for improving the performance of microneedle systems, and this study provides various fundaments toward that goal.Microneedle systems have been widely used in health monitoring, painless drug delivery, and medical cosmetology. Although many studies on microneedle materials, structures, and applications have been conducted, the applications of microneedles often suffered from issues of inconsistent penetration rates due to the complication of skin-microneedle interface. In this study, we demonstrated a methodology of determination of transdermal rate of metallic microneedle array through impedance measurements-based numerical check screening algorithm. Metallic sheet microneedle array sensors with different sizes were fabricated to evaluate different transdermal rates. In vitro sensing of hydrogen peroxide confirmed the effect of transdermal rate on the sensing outcomes. An FEM simulation model of a microneedle array revealed the monotonous relation between the transdermal state and test current. Accordingly, two methods were primely derived to calculate the transdermal rate from the test current. First, an exact logic method provided the number of unpenetrated tips per sheet, but it required more rigorous testing results. Second, a fuzzy logic method provided an approximate transdermal rate on adjacent areas, being more applicable and robust to errors. Real-time transdermal rate estimation may be essential for improving the performance of microneedle systems, and this study provides various fundaments toward that goal. |
| Author | Yang, Cheng Liu, Jing Huang, Xinshuo Xie, Xi Huang, Shuang Liu, Fanmao Mo, Jingshan Liu, Junqing Zhang, Tong Liang, Baoming Chen, Meiwan Guo, Jun Chen, Hui-Jiuan |
| AuthorAffiliation | 5 School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; tony@scut.edu.cn 3 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China; mwchen@um.edu.mo 1 School of Electronics and Information Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; mojsh5@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (J.M.); huangsh69@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (S.H.); liangbm@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (B.L.); huangxsh3@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (X.H.); yangch255@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (C.Y.); xiexi27@mail.sysu.edu.cn (X.X.) 6 Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510335, China 4 The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; liuj753@mail.sysu.edu.cn 2 Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; liujq0615@163.com |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; liuj753@mail.sysu.edu.cn – name: 5 School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; tony@scut.edu.cn – name: 3 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China; mwchen@um.edu.mo – name: 6 Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou 510335, China – name: 1 School of Electronics and Information Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; mojsh5@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (J.M.); huangsh69@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (S.H.); liangbm@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (B.L.); huangxsh3@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (X.H.); yangch255@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (C.Y.); xiexi27@mail.sysu.edu.cn (X.X.) – name: 2 Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; liujq0615@163.com |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jingshan surname: Mo fullname: Mo, Jingshan – sequence: 2 givenname: Junqing surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Junqing – sequence: 3 givenname: Shuang surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Shuang – sequence: 4 givenname: Baoming surname: Liang fullname: Liang, Baoming – sequence: 5 givenname: Xinshuo surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Xinshuo – sequence: 6 givenname: Cheng surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Cheng – sequence: 7 givenname: Meiwan surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Meiwan – sequence: 8 givenname: Jing orcidid: 0000-0003-3788-9141 surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Jing – sequence: 9 givenname: Tong surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Tong – sequence: 10 givenname: Xi surname: Xie fullname: Xie, Xi – sequence: 11 givenname: Jun surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Jun – sequence: 12 givenname: Fanmao surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Fanmao – sequence: 13 givenname: Hui-Jiuan surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Hui-Jiuan |
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| SubjectTerms | Algorithms Approximation COMSOL Drug dosages Electrodes Finite element method Fuzzy logic Geometry Glucose Hydrogen peroxide Impedance impedance measurement Laboratories Lasers Metal sheets microneedle Needles Physics Point of care testing Robustness (mathematics) Sensor arrays Sensors Simulation transdermal rate |
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| Title | Determination of Transdermal Rate of Metallic Microneedle Array through an Impedance Measurements-Based Numerical Check Screening Algorithm |
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