Generalized q-Method Relative Pose Estimation for UAVs with Onboard Sensor Measurements

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 6; p. 1939
• Main Authors: Stanfield, Kyl, Bani Younes, Ahmad, Hayajneh, Mohammad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.03.2025; MDPI
• Subjects: attitude; Deep learning; drone; Drone aircraft; estimation; Estimation theory; Kalman filters; Methods; Optimization; pose; q-method; Reference frames (Physics); Sensors; UAV; United States; estimation; navigation; quaternion; pose; UAV; drone; q-method; attitude; relative
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s25061939

The q-method for pose estimation utilizes on-board measurement vectors of reference objects to calculate air vehicle position and orientation with respect to an Inertial frame. This new method solves for the quaternion eigenvalue solution of the optimal pose to minimize the error in the derived system of equations. The generalized q-method extends Davenport’s q-method for satellite attitude estimation by incorporating inertial position into the relative model and eliminating assumptions throughout the derivation that require spacecraft applications. Thus, the pose estimation model is developed and implemented for UAV applications using an onboard camera to obtain measurements in a controlled environment. Combined with numerical methods, algorithm outputs for position and orientation are validated against truth data to prove accurate estimation despite sensor error.