Factors affecting the polychlorinated biphenyl signatures in serum of adults living in a highly polluted area in eastern Slovakia
Over the years eastern Slovakia has been subject to consistent monitoring of high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in both the environment and human populations attributed to the former production of PCBs at the Chemko Strážske plant. We aimed to investigate the extent to which dietary hab...
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| Published in | Frontiers in public health Vol. 12; p. 1477692 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A
30.10.2024
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| ISSN | 2296-2565 2296-2565 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1477692 |
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| Abstract | Over the years eastern Slovakia has been subject to consistent monitoring of high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in both the environment and human populations attributed to the former production of PCBs at the Chemko Strážske plant. We aimed to investigate the extent to which dietary habits and residential location could affect the concentrations of PCBs in the blood serum samples of subjects.
We enrolled 602 adult subjects from eastern Slovakia with an average age of 45.14 (±8.49) years. To determine the concentrations of 21 PCB congeners, we used solid phase extraction along with gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Based on questionnaire data, the assessment of dietary habits and residential location was performed using score calculations and creating a map.
Through principal component analysis, the 20 PCB congeners were classified into three groups: PC1, comprising highly chlorinated PCBs, and PC2 and PC3, consisting primarily of low chlorinated PCBs. Stepwise multivariate regression revealed positive and negative associations between PCB congeners represented by PC1-3 and scores related to the residential location and scores related to food consumption, respectively. We confirmed that levels of PCBs represented by PC1-3 increased with age. The geographical proximity to pollution sources proved to be a key contributing factor to the observed PCB levels in individuals residing in eastern Slovakia. |
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| AbstractList | IntroductionOver the years eastern Slovakia has been subject to consistent monitoring of high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in both the environment and human populations attributed to the former production of PCBs at the Chemko Strážske plant. We aimed to investigate the extent to which dietary habits and residential location could affect the concentrations of PCBs in the blood serum samples of subjects.MethodsWe enrolled 602 adult subjects from eastern Slovakia with an average age of 45.14 (±8.49) years. To determine the concentrations of 21 PCB congeners, we used solid phase extraction along with gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Based on questionnaire data, the assessment of dietary habits and residential location was performed using score calculations and creating a map.Results and discussionThrough principal component analysis, the 20 PCB congeners were classified into three groups: PC1, comprising highly chlorinated PCBs, and PC2 and PC3, consisting primarily of low chlorinated PCBs. Stepwise multivariate regression revealed positive and negative associations between PCB congeners represented by PC1-3 and scores related to the residential location and scores related to food consumption, respectively. We confirmed that levels of PCBs represented by PC1-3 increased with age. The geographical proximity to pollution sources proved to be a key contributing factor to the observed PCB levels in individuals residing in eastern Slovakia. Over the years eastern Slovakia has been subject to consistent monitoring of high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in both the environment and human populations attributed to the former production of PCBs at the Chemko Strážske plant. We aimed to investigate the extent to which dietary habits and residential location could affect the concentrations of PCBs in the blood serum samples of subjects. We enrolled 602 adult subjects from eastern Slovakia with an average age of 45.14 (±8.49) years. To determine the concentrations of 21 PCB congeners, we used solid phase extraction along with gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Based on questionnaire data, the assessment of dietary habits and residential location was performed using score calculations and creating a map. Through principal component analysis, the 20 PCB congeners were classified into three groups: PC1, comprising highly chlorinated PCBs, and PC2 and PC3, consisting primarily of low chlorinated PCBs. Stepwise multivariate regression revealed positive and negative associations between PCB congeners represented by PC1-3 and scores related to the residential location and scores related to food consumption, respectively. We confirmed that levels of PCBs represented by PC1-3 increased with age. The geographical proximity to pollution sources proved to be a key contributing factor to the observed PCB levels in individuals residing in eastern Slovakia. Over the years eastern Slovakia has been subject to consistent monitoring of high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in both the environment and human populations attributed to the former production of PCBs at the Chemko Strážske plant. We aimed to investigate the extent to which dietary habits and residential location could affect the concentrations of PCBs in the blood serum samples of subjects.IntroductionOver the years eastern Slovakia has been subject to consistent monitoring of high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in both the environment and human populations attributed to the former production of PCBs at the Chemko Strážske plant. We aimed to investigate the extent to which dietary habits and residential location could affect the concentrations of PCBs in the blood serum samples of subjects.We enrolled 602 adult subjects from eastern Slovakia with an average age of 45.14 (±8.49) years. To determine the concentrations of 21 PCB congeners, we used solid phase extraction along with gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Based on questionnaire data, the assessment of dietary habits and residential location was performed using score calculations and creating a map.MethodsWe enrolled 602 adult subjects from eastern Slovakia with an average age of 45.14 (±8.49) years. To determine the concentrations of 21 PCB congeners, we used solid phase extraction along with gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Based on questionnaire data, the assessment of dietary habits and residential location was performed using score calculations and creating a map.Through principal component analysis, the 20 PCB congeners were classified into three groups: PC1, comprising highly chlorinated PCBs, and PC2 and PC3, consisting primarily of low chlorinated PCBs. Stepwise multivariate regression revealed positive and negative associations between PCB congeners represented by PC1-3 and scores related to the residential location and scores related to food consumption, respectively. We confirmed that levels of PCBs represented by PC1-3 increased with age. The geographical proximity to pollution sources proved to be a key contributing factor to the observed PCB levels in individuals residing in eastern Slovakia.Results and discussionThrough principal component analysis, the 20 PCB congeners were classified into three groups: PC1, comprising highly chlorinated PCBs, and PC2 and PC3, consisting primarily of low chlorinated PCBs. Stepwise multivariate regression revealed positive and negative associations between PCB congeners represented by PC1-3 and scores related to the residential location and scores related to food consumption, respectively. We confirmed that levels of PCBs represented by PC1-3 increased with age. The geographical proximity to pollution sources proved to be a key contributing factor to the observed PCB levels in individuals residing in eastern Slovakia. |
| Author | Richterová Bagratuni, Denisa Trnovec, Tomáš Tihányi, Juraj Patayová, Henrieta Palkovičová Murínová, Ľubica Kolena, Branislav Wimmerová, Soňa Petrovičová, Ida Hlisníková, Henrieta Čonka, Kamil Drobná, Beata Nagyová, Miroslava Rausová, Katarína |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra , Nitra , Slovakia 3 Department of Toxic Organic Pollutants, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia 5 Institute of Biophysics, Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia 2 Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia 4 Institute of Health Protection, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Department of Toxic Organic Pollutants, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia – name: 4 Institute of Health Protection, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia – name: 5 Institute of Biophysics, Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia – name: 1 Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra , Nitra , Slovakia – name: 2 Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University , Bratislava , Slovakia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Henrieta surname: Hlisníková fullname: Hlisníková, Henrieta – sequence: 2 givenname: Branislav surname: Kolena fullname: Kolena, Branislav – sequence: 3 givenname: Tomáš surname: Trnovec fullname: Trnovec, Tomáš – sequence: 4 givenname: Denisa surname: Richterová Bagratuni fullname: Richterová Bagratuni, Denisa – sequence: 5 givenname: Henrieta surname: Patayová fullname: Patayová, Henrieta – sequence: 6 givenname: Kamil surname: Čonka fullname: Čonka, Kamil – sequence: 7 givenname: Beata surname: Drobná fullname: Drobná, Beata – sequence: 8 givenname: Katarína surname: Rausová fullname: Rausová, Katarína – sequence: 9 givenname: Juraj surname: Tihányi fullname: Tihányi, Juraj – sequence: 10 givenname: Soňa surname: Wimmerová fullname: Wimmerová, Soňa – sequence: 11 givenname: Ida surname: Petrovičová fullname: Petrovičová, Ida – sequence: 12 givenname: Miroslava surname: Nagyová fullname: Nagyová, Miroslava – sequence: 13 givenname: Ľubica surname: Palkovičová Murínová fullname: Palkovičová Murínová, Ľubica |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2024 Hlisníková, Kolena, Trnovec, Richterová Bagratuni, Patayová, Čonka, Drobná, Rausová, Tihányi, Wimmerová, Petrovičová, Nagyová and Palkovičová Murínová. Copyright © 2024 Hlisníková, Kolena, Trnovec, Richterová Bagratuni, Patayová, Čonka, Drobná, Rausová, Tihányi, Wimmerová, Petrovičová, Nagyová and Palkovičová Murínová. 2024 Hlisníková, Kolena, Trnovec, Richterová Bagratuni, Patayová, Čonka, Drobná, Rausová, Tihányi, Wimmerová, Petrovičová, Nagyová and Palkovičová Murínová |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult age congener Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data Environmental Monitoring Environmental Pollutants - blood Feeding Behavior Female food Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans Male Middle Aged place of residence polychlorinated biphenyls Polychlorinated Biphenyls - blood Principal Component Analysis Public Health Slovakia Surveys and Questionnaires |
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| Title | Factors affecting the polychlorinated biphenyl signatures in serum of adults living in a highly polluted area in eastern Slovakia |
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