Lagos Bat Virus Infection Dynamics in Free-Ranging Straw-Colored Fruit Bats (Eidolon helvum)
Bats are key species for ecological function, but they are also reservoirs of zoonotic agents, such as lyssaviruses that cause rabies. Little is known about the maintenance and transmission of lyssaviruses in bats, although the observation of clinically sick bats, both in experimental studies and wi...
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| Published in | Tropical medicine and infectious disease Vol. 2; no. 3; p. 25 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Switzerland
MDPI
08.07.2017
MDPI AG |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2414-6366 2414-6366 |
| DOI | 10.3390/tropicalmed2030025 |
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| Abstract | Bats are key species for ecological function, but they are also reservoirs of zoonotic agents, such as lyssaviruses that cause rabies. Little is known about the maintenance and transmission of lyssaviruses in bats, although the observation of clinically sick bats, both in experimental studies and wild bats, has at least demonstrated that lyssaviruses are capable of causing clinical disease in bat species. Despite this, extensive surveillance for diseased bats has not yielded lyssaviruses, whilst serological surveys demonstrate that bats must be exposed to lyssavirus without developing clinical disease. We hypothesize that there is endemic circulation of Lagos bat virus (LBV) in the straw-coloured fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) in Ghana, West Africa. To investigate this further, longitudinal blood sampling was undertaken quarterly between 2012 and 2014 on wild E. helvum at two sites in Ghana. Serum samples were collected and tested for LBV-neutralizing antibodies using a modified flourescent antibody virus neutralisation (FAVN) assay (n = 294) and brains from moribund or dead bats were tested for antigen and viral RNA (n = 55). Overall, 44.7% of the 304 bats sampled had LBV-neutralising antibodies. None of the brain samples from bats contained lyssavirus antigen or RNA. Together with the results of an earlier serological study, our findings demonstrate that LBV is endemic and circulates within E. helvum in Ghana even though the detection of viral infection in dead bats was unsuccessful. Confirmation that LBV infection is endemic in E. helvum in Ghana is an important finding and indicates that the potential public health threats from LBV warrant further investigation. |
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| AbstractList | Bats are key species for ecological function, but they are also reservoirs of zoonotic agents, such as lyssaviruses that cause rabies. Little is known about the maintenance and transmission of lyssaviruses in bats, although the observation of clinically sick bats, both in experimental studies and wild bats, has at least demonstrated that lyssaviruses are capable of causing clinical disease in bat species. Despite this, extensive surveillance for diseased bats has not yielded lyssaviruses, whilst serological surveys demonstrate that bats must be exposed to lyssavirus without developing clinical disease. We hypothesize that there is endemic circulation of Lagos bat virus (LBV) in the straw-coloured fruit bat (
Eidolon helvum
) in Ghana, West Africa. To investigate this further, longitudinal blood sampling was undertaken quarterly between 2012 and 2014 on wild
E. helvum
at two sites in Ghana. Serum samples were collected and tested for LBV-neutralizing antibodies using a modified flourescent antibody virus neutralisation (FAVN) assay (
n
= 294) and brains from moribund or dead bats were tested for antigen and viral RNA (
n
= 55). Overall, 44.7% of the 304 bats sampled had LBV-neutralising antibodies. None of the brain samples from bats contained lyssavirus antigen or RNA. Together with the results of an earlier serological study, our findings demonstrate that LBV is endemic and circulates within
E. helvum
in Ghana even though the detection of viral infection in dead bats was unsuccessful. Confirmation that LBV infection is endemic in
E. helvum
in Ghana is an important finding and indicates that the potential public health threats from LBV warrant further investigation. Bats are key species for ecological function, but they are also reservoirs of zoonotic agents, such as lyssaviruses that cause rabies. Little is known about the maintenance and transmission of lyssaviruses in bats, although the observation of clinically sick bats, both in experimental studies and wild bats, has at least demonstrated that lyssaviruses are capable of causing clinical disease in bat species. Despite this, extensive surveillance for diseased bats has not yielded lyssaviruses, whilst serological surveys demonstrate that bats must be exposed to lyssavirus without developing clinical disease. We hypothesize that there is endemic circulation of Lagos bat virus (LBV) in the straw-coloured fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) in Ghana, West Africa. To investigate this further, longitudinal blood sampling was undertaken quarterly between 2012 and 2014 on wild E. helvum at two sites in Ghana. Serum samples were collected and tested for LBV-neutralizing antibodies using a modified flourescent antibody virus neutralisation (FAVN) assay (n = 294) and brains from moribund or dead bats were tested for antigen and viral RNA (n = 55). Overall, 44.7% of the 304 bats sampled had LBV-neutralising antibodies. None of the brain samples from bats contained lyssavirus antigen or RNA. Together with the results of an earlier serological study, our findings demonstrate that LBV is endemic and circulates within E. helvum in Ghana even though the detection of viral infection in dead bats was unsuccessful. Confirmation that LBV infection is endemic in E. helvum in Ghana is an important finding and indicates that the potential public health threats from LBV warrant further investigation. Bats are key species for ecological function, but they are also reservoirs of zoonotic agents, such as lyssaviruses that cause rabies. Little is known about the maintenance and transmission of lyssaviruses in bats, although the observation of clinically sick bats, both in experimental studies and wild bats, has at least demonstrated that lyssaviruses are capable of causing clinical disease in bat species. Despite this, extensive surveillance for diseased bats has not yielded lyssaviruses, whilst serological surveys demonstrate that bats must be exposed to lyssavirus without developing clinical disease. We hypothesize that there is endemic circulation of Lagos bat virus (LBV) in the straw-coloured fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) in Ghana, West Africa. To investigate this further, longitudinal blood sampling was undertaken quarterly between 2012 and 2014 on wild E. helvum at two sites in Ghana. Serum samples were collected and tested for LBV-neutralizing antibodies using a modified flourescent antibody virus neutralisation (FAVN) assay (n = 294) and brains from moribund or dead bats were tested for antigen and viral RNA (n = 55). Overall, 44.7% of the 304 bats sampled had LBV-neutralising antibodies. None of the brain samples from bats contained lyssavirus antigen or RNA. Together with the results of an earlier serological study, our findings demonstrate that LBV is endemic and circulates within E. helvum in Ghana even though the detection of viral infection in dead bats was unsuccessful. Confirmation that LBV infection is endemic in E. helvum in Ghana is an important finding and indicates that the potential public health threats from LBV warrant further investigation.Bats are key species for ecological function, but they are also reservoirs of zoonotic agents, such as lyssaviruses that cause rabies. Little is known about the maintenance and transmission of lyssaviruses in bats, although the observation of clinically sick bats, both in experimental studies and wild bats, has at least demonstrated that lyssaviruses are capable of causing clinical disease in bat species. Despite this, extensive surveillance for diseased bats has not yielded lyssaviruses, whilst serological surveys demonstrate that bats must be exposed to lyssavirus without developing clinical disease. We hypothesize that there is endemic circulation of Lagos bat virus (LBV) in the straw-coloured fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) in Ghana, West Africa. To investigate this further, longitudinal blood sampling was undertaken quarterly between 2012 and 2014 on wild E. helvum at two sites in Ghana. Serum samples were collected and tested for LBV-neutralizing antibodies using a modified flourescent antibody virus neutralisation (FAVN) assay (n = 294) and brains from moribund or dead bats were tested for antigen and viral RNA (n = 55). Overall, 44.7% of the 304 bats sampled had LBV-neutralising antibodies. None of the brain samples from bats contained lyssavirus antigen or RNA. Together with the results of an earlier serological study, our findings demonstrate that LBV is endemic and circulates within E. helvum in Ghana even though the detection of viral infection in dead bats was unsuccessful. Confirmation that LBV infection is endemic in E. helvum in Ghana is an important finding and indicates that the potential public health threats from LBV warrant further investigation. Bats are key species for ecological function, but they are also reservoirs of zoonotic agents, such as lyssaviruses that cause rabies. Little is known about the maintenance and transmission of lyssaviruses in bats, although the observation of clinically sick bats, both in experimental studies and wild bats, has at least demonstrated that lyssaviruses are capable of causing clinical disease in bat species. Despite this, extensive surveillance for diseased bats has not yielded lyssaviruses, whilst serological surveys demonstrate that bats must be exposed to lyssavirus without developing clinical disease. We hypothesize that there is endemic circulation of Lagos bat virus (LBV) in the straw-coloured fruit bat ( ) in Ghana, West Africa. To investigate this further, longitudinal blood sampling was undertaken quarterly between 2012 and 2014 on wild at two sites in Ghana. Serum samples were collected and tested for LBV-neutralizing antibodies using a modified flourescent antibody virus neutralisation (FAVN) assay ( = 294) and brains from moribund or dead bats were tested for antigen and viral RNA ( = 55). Overall, 44.7% of the 304 bats sampled had LBV-neutralising antibodies. None of the brain samples from bats contained lyssavirus antigen or RNA. Together with the results of an earlier serological study, our findings demonstrate that LBV is endemic and circulates within in Ghana even though the detection of viral infection in dead bats was unsuccessful. Confirmation that LBV infection is endemic in in Ghana is an important finding and indicates that the potential public health threats from LBV warrant further investigation. |
| Author | Fooks, Anthony Wood, James Cunningham, Andrew Banyard, Ashley Ziekah, Meyir Suu-Ire, Richard Ntiamoa-Baidu, Yaa Selden, David Amponsah-Mensah, Kofi Riesle, Silke |
| AuthorAffiliation | 7 Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RY, UK 5 Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool LP69 7ZX, UK 6 Cambridge Infectious Diseases Consortium, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ES, Cambridge, UK; jlnw2@cam.ac.uk 1 Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 571, Legon, Accra, Ghana; mak2kofi@gmail.com (K.A.-M.); sasr3@cam.ac.uk (S.R.); ynbaidu@ug.edu.gh (Y.N.-B.) 3 Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission, P.O. Box M239, Accra, Ghana 4 Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK; tony.fooks@apha.gsi.gov.uk (A.R.F.); Ashley.Banyard@apha.gsi.gov.uk (A.C.B.); David.Selden@apha.gsi.gov.uk (D.S.) 2 Veterinary Services Department, Minist |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 5 Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool LP69 7ZX, UK – name: 6 Cambridge Infectious Diseases Consortium, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ES, Cambridge, UK; jlnw2@cam.ac.uk – name: 7 Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RY, UK – name: 1 Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 571, Legon, Accra, Ghana; mak2kofi@gmail.com (K.A.-M.); sasr3@cam.ac.uk (S.R.); ynbaidu@ug.edu.gh (Y.N.-B.) – name: 2 Veterinary Services Department, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, P. O. Box M 161, Accra, Ghana; meyir73@gmail.com – name: 4 Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK; tony.fooks@apha.gsi.gov.uk (A.R.F.); Ashley.Banyard@apha.gsi.gov.uk (A.C.B.); David.Selden@apha.gsi.gov.uk (D.S.) – name: 3 Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission, P.O. Box M239, Accra, Ghana |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Richard surname: Suu-Ire fullname: Suu-Ire, Richard – sequence: 2 givenname: Anthony orcidid: 0000-0002-3243-6154 surname: Fooks fullname: Fooks, Anthony – sequence: 3 givenname: Ashley surname: Banyard fullname: Banyard, Ashley – sequence: 4 givenname: David orcidid: 0000-0002-7529-7844 surname: Selden fullname: Selden, David – sequence: 5 givenname: Kofi surname: Amponsah-Mensah fullname: Amponsah-Mensah, Kofi – sequence: 6 givenname: Silke surname: Riesle fullname: Riesle, Silke – sequence: 7 givenname: Meyir surname: Ziekah fullname: Ziekah, Meyir – sequence: 8 givenname: Yaa surname: Ntiamoa-Baidu fullname: Ntiamoa-Baidu, Yaa – sequence: 9 givenname: James orcidid: 0000-0002-0258-3188 surname: Wood fullname: Wood, James – sequence: 10 givenname: Andrew surname: Cunningham fullname: Cunningham, Andrew |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30270883$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_s42522_022_00061_2 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2022_910157 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13337_019_00548_z crossref_primary_10_24072_pcjournal_206 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2020_108345 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens11090975 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0198563 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2020_107920 crossref_primary_10_3390_tropicalmed2040059 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0950268818003333 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13040576 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13122378 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_018_22236_6 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0274490 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1136/vr.110.14.338 10.1007/978-1-4613-1755-5 10.1093/infdis/166.5.972 10.1016/S0166-0934(99)00060-9 10.1128/CMR.00017-06 10.1128/JVI.75.17.8096-8104.2001 10.3201/eid1406.071421 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.10.015 10.1016/0035-9203(58)90127-5 10.1371/journal.pone.0138985 10.3201/eid1212.060514 10.7589/0090-3558-25.4.490 10.1371/journal.pone.0011978 10.1099/vir.0.020073-0 10.1128/JVI.75.7.3268-3276.2001 10.1007/s10393-014-0977-0 10.1016/S0001-706X(00)00179-0 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001001 10.1099/vir.0.065953-0 10.4016/5380.01 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62707-5 10.1128/JCM.00016-08 10.1099/vir.0.061952-0 10.1017/S0950268812000167 10.1111/zph.12000 10.1016/B978-0-12-387040-7.00012-3 10.1071/MA17006 10.1016/j.virusres.2005.03.009 10.7589/2012-05-124 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.07.009 |
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| Keywords | Lagos bat virus bat lyssavirus seroprevalence rabies Ghana Eidolon helvum |
| Language | English |
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| Title | Lagos Bat Virus Infection Dynamics in Free-Ranging Straw-Colored Fruit Bats (Eidolon helvum) |
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