Assessment of PCDD/F risk after implementation of emission reduction at a MSWI
Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The emission of PCDD/Fs by MSWIs is a controversial subject in human health risk assessment. In this study the effect of a MSWI on a residential area...
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| Published in | Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 68; no. 5; pp. 856 - 863 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.06.2007
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0045-6535 1879-1298 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.02.036 |
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| Abstract | Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-
p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The emission of PCDD/Fs by MSWIs is a controversial subject in human health risk assessment. In this study the effect of a MSWI on a residential area was assessed before and after the installation of an additional treatment system for flue gas. This additional treatment system resulted in a dramatic decrease in PCDD/F concentrations in stack flue gas samples by 99.98%, while the concentrations in air decreased by approximately 50% (36,500 and 0.75 pg I-TEQ m
−3 for air in 1999; 3.5 and 0.38
pg I-TEQ m
−3 in 2002; 1.6 and 0.076
pg I-TEQ m
−3 in 2005 for stack gas and air, respectively). Considering the congener distributions of PCDD/Fs between stack flue gas and air samples, the study area seemed to have been contaminated by other urban sources as well as the MSWI. ISC3 model results support the conclusion that this incinerator became only a minor contributor to the study area after installation of the supplementary systems. This resulted from both proper MSWI operation using modern technology and additional sources of contaminants in this region. Finally, PCDD/F uptake by humans through inhalation of contaminated air was estimated. Assuming that inhalation exposure contributes 10% of total exposure, total exposure was lower than WHO guidelines. These results confirm that proper operation and maintenance of the incinerator led to a reduction in emissions and potential health impacts of PCDD/Fs. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Various issues related to the assessment of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) risk after implementation of emission reduction at a municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) were discussed. The additional treatment system resulted in a dramatic decrease in PCDD/F concentration in stack flue gas sampled by 99.8 percent, while the concentrations in air decreased by approximately 50 percent. ISC3 model results supported the conclusion that the incinerator became only a minor contributor after installation of the supplementary systems. PCDD/F uptake by humans through inhalation of contaminated air was estimated. Assuming that inhalation exposure contributed 10% of total exposure, total exposure was lower than WHO guidelines. The results found that proper operation and maintenance of the incinerator led to a reduction in emissions and potential health impacts of PCDD/Fs. Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The emission of PCDD/Fs by MSWIs is a controversial subject in human health risk assessment. In this study the effect of a MSWI on a residential area was assessed before and after the installation of an additional treatment system for flue gas. This additional treatment system resulted in a dramatic decrease in PCDD/F concentrations in stack flue gas samples by 99.98%, while the concentrations in air decreased by approximately 50% (36,500 and 0.75 pg I-TEQ m −3 for air in 1999; 3.5 and 0.38 pg I-TEQ m −3 in 2002; 1.6 and 0.076 pg I-TEQ m −3 in 2005 for stack gas and air, respectively). Considering the congener distributions of PCDD/Fs between stack flue gas and air samples, the study area seemed to have been contaminated by other urban sources as well as the MSWI. ISC3 model results support the conclusion that this incinerator became only a minor contributor to the study area after installation of the supplementary systems. This resulted from both proper MSWI operation using modern technology and additional sources of contaminants in this region. Finally, PCDD/F uptake by humans through inhalation of contaminated air was estimated. Assuming that inhalation exposure contributes 10% of total exposure, total exposure was lower than WHO guidelines. These results confirm that proper operation and maintenance of the incinerator led to a reduction in emissions and potential health impacts of PCDD/Fs. Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The emission of PCDD/Fs by MSWIs is a controversial subject in human health risk assessment. In this study the effect of a MSWI on a residential area was assessed before and after the installation of an additional treatment system for flue gas. This additional treatment system resulted in a dramatic decrease in PCDD/F concentrations in stack flue gas samples by 99.98%, while the concentrations in air decreased by approximately 50% (36,500 and 0.75 pg I-TEQ m(-3) for air in 1999; 3.5 and 0.38 pg I-TEQ m(-3) in 2002; 1.6 and 0.076 pg I-TEQ m(-3) in 2005 for stack gas and air, respectively). Considering the congener distributions of PCDD/Fs between stack flue gas and air samples, the study area seemed to have been contaminated by other urban sources as well as the MSWI. ISC3 model results support the conclusion that this incinerator became only a minor contributor to the study area after installation of the supplementary systems. This resulted from both proper MSWI operation using modern technology and additional sources of contaminants in this region. Finally, PCDD/F uptake by humans through inhalation of contaminated air was estimated. Assuming that inhalation exposure contributes 10% of total exposure, total exposure was lower than WHO guidelines. These results confirm that proper operation and maintenance of the incinerator led to a reduction in emissions and potential health impacts of PCDD/Fs. Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The emission of PCDD/Fs by MSWIs is a controversial subject in human health risk assessment. In this study the effect of a MSWI on a residential area was assessed before and after the installation of an additional treatment system for flue gas. This additional treatment system resulted in a dramatic decrease in PCDD/F concentrations in stack flue gas samples by 99.98%, while the concentrations in air decreased by approximately 50% (36,500 and 0.75 pg I-TEQ m(-3) for air in 1999; 3.5 and 0.38 pg I-TEQ m(-3) in 2002; 1.6 and 0.076 pg I-TEQ m(-3) in 2005 for stack gas and air, respectively). Considering the congener distributions of PCDD/Fs between stack flue gas and air samples, the study area seemed to have been contaminated by other urban sources as well as the MSWI. ISC3 model results support the conclusion that this incinerator became only a minor contributor to the study area after installation of the supplementary systems. This resulted from both proper MSWI operation using modern technology and additional sources of contaminants in this region. Finally, PCDD/F uptake by humans through inhalation of contaminated air was estimated. Assuming that inhalation exposure contributes 10% of total exposure, total exposure was lower than WHO guidelines. These results confirm that proper operation and maintenance of the incinerator led to a reduction in emissions and potential health impacts of PCDD/Fs.Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The emission of PCDD/Fs by MSWIs is a controversial subject in human health risk assessment. In this study the effect of a MSWI on a residential area was assessed before and after the installation of an additional treatment system for flue gas. This additional treatment system resulted in a dramatic decrease in PCDD/F concentrations in stack flue gas samples by 99.98%, while the concentrations in air decreased by approximately 50% (36,500 and 0.75 pg I-TEQ m(-3) for air in 1999; 3.5 and 0.38 pg I-TEQ m(-3) in 2002; 1.6 and 0.076 pg I-TEQ m(-3) in 2005 for stack gas and air, respectively). Considering the congener distributions of PCDD/Fs between stack flue gas and air samples, the study area seemed to have been contaminated by other urban sources as well as the MSWI. ISC3 model results support the conclusion that this incinerator became only a minor contributor to the study area after installation of the supplementary systems. This resulted from both proper MSWI operation using modern technology and additional sources of contaminants in this region. Finally, PCDD/F uptake by humans through inhalation of contaminated air was estimated. Assuming that inhalation exposure contributes 10% of total exposure, total exposure was lower than WHO guidelines. These results confirm that proper operation and maintenance of the incinerator led to a reduction in emissions and potential health impacts of PCDD/Fs. Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The emission of PCDD/Fs by MSWIs is a controversial subject in human health risk assessment. In this study the effect of a MSWI on a residential area was assessed before and after the installation of an additional treatment system for flue gas. This additional treatment system resulted in a dramatic decrease in PCDD/F concentrations in stack flue gas samples by 99.98%, while the concentrations in air decreased by approximately 50% (36,500 and 0.75 pg I-TEQ m super(-) super(3) for air in 1999; 3.5 and 0.38pg I-TEQ m super(-) super(3) in 2002; 1.6 and 0.076pg I-TEQ m super(-) super(3) in 2005 for stack gas and air, respectively). Considering the congener distributions of PCDD/Fs between stack flue gas and air samples, the study area seemed to have been contaminated by other urban sources as well as the MSWI. ISC3 model results support the conclusion that this incinerator became only a minor contributor to the study area after installation of the supplementary systems. This resulted from both proper MSWI operation using modern technology and additional sources of contaminants in this region. Finally, PCDD/F uptake by humans through inhalation of contaminated air was estimated. Assuming that inhalation exposure contributes 10% of total exposure, total exposure was lower than WHO guidelines. These results confirm that proper operation and maintenance of the incinerator led to a reduction in emissions and potential health impacts of PCDD/Fs. |
| Author | Jin, Guang-Zhu Chang, Yoon-Seok Choi, Sung-Deuk Lee, Se-Jin Shin, Sun Kyoung Oh, Jeong-Eun |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Se-Jin surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Se-Jin organization: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea – sequence: 2 givenname: Sung-Deuk surname: Choi fullname: Choi, Sung-Deuk organization: Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto at Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada MIC 1A4 – sequence: 3 givenname: Guang-Zhu surname: Jin fullname: Jin, Guang-Zhu organization: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea – sequence: 4 givenname: Jeong-Eun surname: Oh fullname: Oh, Jeong-Eun organization: Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea – sequence: 5 givenname: Yoon-Seok surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Yoon-Seok email: yschang@postech.ac.kr organization: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea – sequence: 6 givenname: Sun Kyoung surname: Shin fullname: Shin, Sun Kyoung organization: National Institute of Environmental Research, Resource Recirculation Division, Kyungso-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea |
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| Keywords | Flue gas treatment system Human health Municipal solid waste incinerator Polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Dioxin derivatives Toxicity Pollution control Urban waste Organic chlorine compounds Persistent organic pollutant Incineration plant Health and environment Health hazards Pollution source Solid waste Toxic equivalency factor Air pollution Pollution abatement Flue gas purification Public health Organic compounds Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans |
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| Snippet | Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-
p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The... Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) have been shown to be important sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The... Various issues related to the assessment of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) risk after implementation of emission reduction at a... |
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| SubjectTerms | Air Pollutants - analysis Air Pollutants - chemistry Air Pollution - analysis Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding Applied sciences Atmospheric pollution Benzofurans - analysis Benzofurans - chemistry Biological and medical sciences Combustion and energy production Environment. Living conditions Environmental Monitoring - methods Exact sciences and technology Flue gas treatment system Human health Incineration Medical sciences Municipal solid waste incinerator Pollution Polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analogs & derivatives Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - chemistry Prevention and purification methods Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Refuse Disposal |
| Title | Assessment of PCDD/F risk after implementation of emission reduction at a MSWI |
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