Effects of acute angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition on diastolic ventricular interaction in the dilated heart
Background: The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction; volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction allows for increased left ventricular (LV) filling. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that reduction of venous return induced by a phy...
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Published in | Clinical cardiology (Mahwah, N.J.) Vol. 26; no. 9; pp. 424 - 430 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
New York
Wiley Periodicals, Inc
01.09.2003
Wiley |
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Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0160-9289 1932-8737 |
DOI | 10.1002/clc.4960260909 |
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Abstract | Background: The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction; volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction allows for increased left ventricular (LV) filling.
Hypothesis: We hypothesized that reduction of venous return induced by a physiologic stimulus (tilting) or by acute angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dilated heart is likely to have a marked and similar effect on ventricular chamber geometry and filling. This study was designed to assess how the normal and dilated heart adapts to preload reduction.
Methods: Twenty normal subjects and 20 patients with moderate heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied with two‐dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in supine position (B) and after 40° of head‐up tilting (T). The following day, patients repeated supine (C) and tilting test (TC) after administration of captopril (25 mgs.1.). Right ventricular (RV) and LV dimensions, LV geometry, and tricuspid, mitral, and pulmonary venous flow patterns were recorded at each step of the study.
Results: In the two groups, T was associated with reduction of RV area and LV volumes; C and TC produced a similar effect on RV and LV. Changes in LV septal‐lateral diameter and anterior‐posterior diameter were different at each step of the study: during T (both groups) and after C and TC, the septallateral diameter increased slightly while the anterior‐posterior diameter decreased. During T, mitral and tricuspid peak flow velocities decreased, peak late velocities were unchanged, and the deceleration time of mitral flow increased; the systolic forward flow of pulmonary venous flow decreased, the diastolic forward flow did not change, and the difference in duration between reverse pulmonary flow and mitral peak late flow decreased; C and CT induced similar changes.
Conclusion: Preload reduction induced by tilting or by ACE inhibitors induces profound and similar effects on LV and RV dimensions, LV geometry, and biventricular filling. Reduction of RV dimension is associated with adaptation of LV geometry and decrease of LV diastolic pressure, which facilitates LV filling and pulmonary venous drainage; ACE inhibition associated with tilting exerts an additional effect on these changes. These data confirm the role of ventricular interaction in modulating LV filling in heart failure. |
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AbstractList | The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction: volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction allows for increased left ventricular (LV) filling.
We hypothesized that reduction of venous return induced by a physiologic stimulus (tilting) or by acute angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dilated heart is likely to have a marked and similar effect on ventricular chamber geometry and filling. This study was designed to assess how the normal and dilated heart adapts to preload reduction.
Twenty normal subjects and 20 patients with moderate heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in supine position (B) and after 40 degrees of head-up tilting (T). The following day, patients repeated supine (C) and tilting test (TC) after administration of captopril (25 mg s.l.). Right ventricular (RV) and LV dimensions, LV geometry, and tricuspid, mitral, and pulmonary venous flow patterns were recorded at each step of the study.
In the two groups, T was associated with reduction of RV area and LV volumes; C and TC produced a similar effect on RV and LV. Changes in LV septal-lateral diameter and anterior-posterior diameter were different at each step of the study: during T (both groups) and after C and TC, the septallateral diameter increased slightly while the anterior-posterior diameter decreased. During T, mitral and tricuspid peak flow velocities decreased, peak late velocities were unchanged, and the deceleration time of mitral flow increased; the systolic forward flow of pulmonary venous flow decreased, the diastolic forward flow did not change, and the difference in duration between reverse pulmonary flow and mitral peak late flow decreased: C and CT induced similar changes.
Preload reduction induced by tilting or by ACE inhibitors induces profound and similar effects on LV and RV dimensions, LV geometry, and biventricular filling. Reduction of RV dimension is associated with adaptation of LV geometry and decrease of LV diastolic pressure, which facilitates LV filling and pulmonary venous drainage: ACE inhibition associated with tilting exerts an additional effect on these changes. These data confirm the role of ventricular interaction in modulating LV filling in heart failure. Background : The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction; volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction allows for increased left ventricular (LV) filling. Hypothesis : We hypothesized that reduction of venous return induced by a physiologic stimulus (tilting) or by acute angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dilated heart is likely to have a marked and similar effect on ventricular chamber geometry and filling. This study was designed to assess how the normal and dilated heart adapts to preload reduction. Methods : Twenty normal subjects and 20 patients with moderate heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied with two‐dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in supine position (B) and after 40° of head‐up tilting (T). The following day, patients repeated supine (C) and tilting test (TC) after administration of captopril (25 mgs.1.). Right ventricular (RV) and LV dimensions, LV geometry, and tricuspid, mitral, and pulmonary venous flow patterns were recorded at each step of the study. Results : In the two groups, T was associated with reduction of RV area and LV volumes; C and TC produced a similar effect on RV and LV. Changes in LV septal‐lateral diameter and anterior‐posterior diameter were different at each step of the study: during T (both groups) and after C and TC, the septallateral diameter increased slightly while the anterior‐posterior diameter decreased. During T, mitral and tricuspid peak flow velocities decreased, peak late velocities were unchanged, and the deceleration time of mitral flow increased; the systolic forward flow of pulmonary venous flow decreased, the diastolic forward flow did not change, and the difference in duration between reverse pulmonary flow and mitral peak late flow decreased; C and CT induced similar changes. Conclusion : Preload reduction induced by tilting or by ACE inhibitors induces profound and similar effects on LV and RV dimensions, LV geometry, and biventricular filling. Reduction of RV dimension is associated with adaptation of LV geometry and decrease of LV diastolic pressure, which facilitates LV filling and pulmonary venous drainage; ACE inhibition associated with tilting exerts an additional effect on these changes. These data confirm the role of ventricular interaction in modulating LV filling in heart failure. Background: The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction; volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction allows for increased left ventricular (LV) filling. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that reduction of venous return induced by a physiologic stimulus (tilting) or by acute angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dilated heart is likely to have a marked and similar effect on ventricular chamber geometry and filling. This study was designed to assess how the normal and dilated heart adapts to preload reduction. Methods: Twenty normal subjects and 20 patients with moderate heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied with two‐dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in supine position (B) and after 40° of head‐up tilting (T). The following day, patients repeated supine (C) and tilting test (TC) after administration of captopril (25 mgs.1.). Right ventricular (RV) and LV dimensions, LV geometry, and tricuspid, mitral, and pulmonary venous flow patterns were recorded at each step of the study. Results: In the two groups, T was associated with reduction of RV area and LV volumes; C and TC produced a similar effect on RV and LV. Changes in LV septal‐lateral diameter and anterior‐posterior diameter were different at each step of the study: during T (both groups) and after C and TC, the septallateral diameter increased slightly while the anterior‐posterior diameter decreased. During T, mitral and tricuspid peak flow velocities decreased, peak late velocities were unchanged, and the deceleration time of mitral flow increased; the systolic forward flow of pulmonary venous flow decreased, the diastolic forward flow did not change, and the difference in duration between reverse pulmonary flow and mitral peak late flow decreased; C and CT induced similar changes. Conclusion: Preload reduction induced by tilting or by ACE inhibitors induces profound and similar effects on LV and RV dimensions, LV geometry, and biventricular filling. Reduction of RV dimension is associated with adaptation of LV geometry and decrease of LV diastolic pressure, which facilitates LV filling and pulmonary venous drainage; ACE inhibition associated with tilting exerts an additional effect on these changes. These data confirm the role of ventricular interaction in modulating LV filling in heart failure. The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction: volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction allows for increased left ventricular (LV) filling.BACKGROUNDThe normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction: volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction allows for increased left ventricular (LV) filling.We hypothesized that reduction of venous return induced by a physiologic stimulus (tilting) or by acute angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dilated heart is likely to have a marked and similar effect on ventricular chamber geometry and filling. This study was designed to assess how the normal and dilated heart adapts to preload reduction.HYPOTHESISWe hypothesized that reduction of venous return induced by a physiologic stimulus (tilting) or by acute angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dilated heart is likely to have a marked and similar effect on ventricular chamber geometry and filling. This study was designed to assess how the normal and dilated heart adapts to preload reduction.Twenty normal subjects and 20 patients with moderate heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in supine position (B) and after 40 degrees of head-up tilting (T). The following day, patients repeated supine (C) and tilting test (TC) after administration of captopril (25 mg s.l.). Right ventricular (RV) and LV dimensions, LV geometry, and tricuspid, mitral, and pulmonary venous flow patterns were recorded at each step of the study.METHODSTwenty normal subjects and 20 patients with moderate heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in supine position (B) and after 40 degrees of head-up tilting (T). The following day, patients repeated supine (C) and tilting test (TC) after administration of captopril (25 mg s.l.). Right ventricular (RV) and LV dimensions, LV geometry, and tricuspid, mitral, and pulmonary venous flow patterns were recorded at each step of the study.In the two groups, T was associated with reduction of RV area and LV volumes; C and TC produced a similar effect on RV and LV. Changes in LV septal-lateral diameter and anterior-posterior diameter were different at each step of the study: during T (both groups) and after C and TC, the septallateral diameter increased slightly while the anterior-posterior diameter decreased. During T, mitral and tricuspid peak flow velocities decreased, peak late velocities were unchanged, and the deceleration time of mitral flow increased; the systolic forward flow of pulmonary venous flow decreased, the diastolic forward flow did not change, and the difference in duration between reverse pulmonary flow and mitral peak late flow decreased: C and CT induced similar changes.RESULTSIn the two groups, T was associated with reduction of RV area and LV volumes; C and TC produced a similar effect on RV and LV. Changes in LV septal-lateral diameter and anterior-posterior diameter were different at each step of the study: during T (both groups) and after C and TC, the septallateral diameter increased slightly while the anterior-posterior diameter decreased. During T, mitral and tricuspid peak flow velocities decreased, peak late velocities were unchanged, and the deceleration time of mitral flow increased; the systolic forward flow of pulmonary venous flow decreased, the diastolic forward flow did not change, and the difference in duration between reverse pulmonary flow and mitral peak late flow decreased: C and CT induced similar changes.Preload reduction induced by tilting or by ACE inhibitors induces profound and similar effects on LV and RV dimensions, LV geometry, and biventricular filling. Reduction of RV dimension is associated with adaptation of LV geometry and decrease of LV diastolic pressure, which facilitates LV filling and pulmonary venous drainage: ACE inhibition associated with tilting exerts an additional effect on these changes. These data confirm the role of ventricular interaction in modulating LV filling in heart failure.CONCLUSIONPreload reduction induced by tilting or by ACE inhibitors induces profound and similar effects on LV and RV dimensions, LV geometry, and biventricular filling. Reduction of RV dimension is associated with adaptation of LV geometry and decrease of LV diastolic pressure, which facilitates LV filling and pulmonary venous drainage: ACE inhibition associated with tilting exerts an additional effect on these changes. These data confirm the role of ventricular interaction in modulating LV filling in heart failure. |
Author | Muratori, Manuela Susini, Francesca Tamborini, Gloria Celeste, Fabrizio Pepi, Mauro Maltagliati, Anna Berna, Giovanni Guazzi, Marco |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Istituto di Cardiologia dell'Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy |
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Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mauro surname: Pepi fullname: Pepi, Mauro email: mpepi@cardiologicomonzino.it – sequence: 2 givenname: Gloria surname: Tamborini fullname: Tamborini, Gloria – sequence: 3 givenname: Anna surname: Maltagliati fullname: Maltagliati, Anna – sequence: 4 givenname: Marco surname: Guazzi fullname: Guazzi, Marco – sequence: 5 givenname: Giovanni surname: Berna fullname: Berna, Giovanni – sequence: 6 givenname: Francesca surname: Susini fullname: Susini, Francesca – sequence: 7 givenname: Manuela surname: Muratori fullname: Muratori, Manuela – sequence: 8 givenname: Fabrizio surname: Celeste fullname: Celeste, Fabrizio |
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Keywords | Sonography Human Prognosis Vasodilator agent Diastole Enzyme Enzyme inhibitor Cardiovascular disease angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition Duplex ultrasonography Myocardial disease Peptidases Chemotherapy Treatment Doppler echocardiography Congestive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Peptidyl-dipeptidase A Heart disease Hydrolases Medical imagery Peptidyl-dipeptidases Left ventricle performance ventricular interdependence dilated cardiomyopathy |
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Snippet | Background: The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction; volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular... Background : The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction; volume unloading in the setting of diastolic... The normal and dilated heart behaves as a single functional unit during preload reduction: volume unloading in the setting of diastolic ventricular interaction... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition Biological and medical sciences Blood Pressure - drug effects Blood Pressure - physiology Captopril - therapeutic use Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - drug therapy Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - physiopathology Cardiovascular system Clinical Investigation Clinical Investigations Diastole - drug effects Diastole - physiology dilated cardiomyopathy Doppler echocardiography Echocardiography, Doppler Follow-Up Studies Heart Rate - drug effects Heart Rate - physiology Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging Heart Ventricles - drug effects Heart Ventricles - physiopathology Humans Italy Medical sciences Middle Aged Mitral Valve - diagnostic imaging Mitral Valve - drug effects Mitral Valve - physiopathology Observer Variation Pharmacology. Drug treatments Regional Blood Flow - drug effects Regional Blood Flow - physiology Statistics as Topic Stroke Volume - drug effects Stroke Volume - physiology Systole - drug effects Systole - physiology Tilt-Table Test Time Factors Treatment Outcome Tricuspid Valve - diagnostic imaging Tricuspid Valve - drug effects Tricuspid Valve - physiopathology Vasodilator agents. Cerebral vasodilators Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - drug therapy Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology ventricular interdependence |
Title | Effects of acute angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition on diastolic ventricular interaction in the dilated heart |
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