Multivalent Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions: How Synthetic Chemistry Enables Insights into Nanometric Recognition

Glycan recognition by sugar receptors (lectins) is intimately involved in many aspects of cell physiology. However, the factors explaining the exquisite selectivity of their functional pairing are not yet fully understood. Studies toward this aim will also help appraise the potential for lectin-dire...

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Published inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 21; no. 5; p. 629
Main Authors Roy, René, Murphy, Paul, Gabius, Hans-Joachim
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI 13.05.2016
MDPI AG
Subjects
agglutinin
Carbohydrates - chemistry
Dendrimers - chemistry
galectin
Galectins - chemistry
Galectins - metabolism
glycocluster
glycodendrimer
glycophane
glycoprotein
Glycoproteins - chemical synthesis
Glycoproteins - chemistry
Humans
liposomes
Models, Molecular
oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides - chemistry
Polysaccharides - metabolism
Review
Structure-Activity Relationship
sugar code
glycodendrimer
sugar code
agglutinin
glycocluster
liposomes
galectin
glycophane
oligosaccharides
glycoprotein
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI10.3390/molecules21050629

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Abstract Glycan recognition by sugar receptors (lectins) is intimately involved in many aspects of cell physiology. However, the factors explaining the exquisite selectivity of their functional pairing are not yet fully understood. Studies toward this aim will also help appraise the potential for lectin-directed drug design. With the network of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins as therapeutic targets, the strategy to recruit synthetic chemistry to systematically elucidate structure-activity relationships is outlined, from monovalent compounds to glyco-clusters and glycodendrimers to biomimetic surfaces. The versatility of the synthetic procedures enables to take examining structural and spatial parameters, alone and in combination, to its limits, for example with the aim to produce inhibitors for distinct galectin(s) that exhibit minimal reactivity to other members of this group. Shaping spatial architectures similar to glycoconjugate aggregates, microdomains or vesicles provides attractive tools to disclose the often still hidden significance of nanometric aspects of the different modes of lectin design (sequence divergence at the lectin site, differences of spatial type of lectin-site presentation). Of note, testing the effectors alone or in combination simulating (patho)physiological conditions, is sure to bring about new insights into the cooperation between lectins and the regulation of their activity.
AbstractList Glycan recognition by sugar receptors (lectins) is intimately involved in many aspects of cell physiology. However, the factors explaining the exquisite selectivity of their functional pairing are not yet fully understood. Studies toward this aim will also help appraise the potential for lectin-directed drug design. With the network of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins as therapeutic targets, the strategy to recruit synthetic chemistry to systematically elucidate structure-activity relationships is outlined, from monovalent compounds to glyco-clusters and glycodendrimers to biomimetic surfaces. The versatility of the synthetic procedures enables to take examining structural and spatial parameters, alone and in combination, to its limits, for example with the aim to produce inhibitors for distinct galectin(s) that exhibit minimal reactivity to other members of this group. Shaping spatial architectures similar to glycoconjugate aggregates, microdomains or vesicles provides attractive tools to disclose the often still hidden significance of nanometric aspects of the different modes of lectin design (sequence divergence at the lectin site, differences of spatial type of lectin-site presentation). Of note, testing the effectors alone or in combination simulating (patho)physiological conditions, is sure to bring about new insights into the cooperation between lectins and the regulation of their activity.
Author Roy, René
Murphy, Paul
Gabius, Hans-Joachim
AuthorAffiliation 2 School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland; paul.v.murphy@nuigalway.ie
1 Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P. O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
3 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, München 80539, Germany; gabius@tiph.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland; paul.v.murphy@nuigalway.ie
– name: 1 Pharmaqam and Nanoqam, Department of Chemistry, University du Québec à Montréal, P. O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
– name: 3 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, München 80539, Germany; gabius@tiph.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: René
  surname: Roy
  fullname: Roy, René
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Paul
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1529-6540
  surname: Murphy
  fullname: Murphy, Paul
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Hans-Joachim
  surname: Gabius
  fullname: Gabius, Hans-Joachim
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27187342$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 5
Keywords glycodendrimer
sugar code
agglutinin
glycocluster
liposomes
galectin
glycophane
oligosaccharides
glycoprotein
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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Snippet Glycan recognition by sugar receptors (lectins) is intimately involved in many aspects of cell physiology. However, the factors explaining the exquisite...
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SubjectTerms agglutinin
Carbohydrates - chemistry
Dendrimers - chemistry
galectin
Galectins - chemistry
Galectins - metabolism
glycocluster
glycodendrimer
glycophane
glycoprotein
Glycoproteins - chemical synthesis
Glycoproteins - chemistry
Humans
liposomes
Models, Molecular
oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides - chemistry
Polysaccharides - metabolism
Review
Structure-Activity Relationship
sugar code
Title Multivalent Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions: How Synthetic Chemistry Enables Insights into Nanometric Recognition
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27187342
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6274006
https://doaj.org/article/efe70f7f191b4e509e65b9ebc10a5a13
Volume 21
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