Estimation of cloud fraction profile in shallow convection using a scanning cloud radar

Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is addressed by using large eddy simulations of shallow convection over land coupled with a radar simulator. Results indicate that zenith profiling...

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Published inGeophysical research letters Vol. 43; no. 20; pp. 10,998 - 11,006
Main Authors Oue, Mariko, Kollias, Pavlos, North, Kirk W., Tatarevic, Aleksandra, Endo, Satoshi, Vogelmann, Andrew M., Gustafson, William I.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Washington John Wiley & Sons, Inc 28.10.2016
American Geophysical Union
Subjects
cloud fraction
Clouds
Computer simulation
Convection
cross-wind RHI
Crosswinds
Cumulus clouds
Detection
Distance
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Estimates
Estimating
Fractions
Height
Horizon
Hydrometeors
Large eddy simulation
Large eddy simulations
Profiles
Profiling
Radar
Radar observation
Sampling
Scanning
Sequencing
shallow convection
Simulators
Statistical methods
Temperature
Uncertainty
Vortices
Wind
Zenith
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0094-8276
1944-8007
1944-8007
DOI10.1002/2016GL070776

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Abstract Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is addressed by using large eddy simulations of shallow convection over land coupled with a radar simulator. Results indicate that zenith profiling observations are inadequate to provide reliable CFP estimates. Use of scanning cloud radar (SCR), performing a sequence of cross‐wind horizon‐to‐horizon scans, is not straightforward due to the strong dependence of radar sensitivity to target distance. An objective method for estimating domain‐averaged CFP is proposed that uses observed statistics of SCR hydrometeor detection with height to estimate optimum sampling regions. This method shows good agreement with the model CFP. Results indicate that CFP estimates require more than 35 min of SCR scans to converge on the model domain average. The proposed technique is expected to improve our ability to compare model output with cloud radar observations in shallow cumulus cloud conditions. Key Points Shallow convection fields provided by LES coupled with a radar simulator were studied A new objective method of estimating domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles using scanning cloud radar was proposed Cloud fraction profiles from a single zenith cloud radar are subject to large uncertainties
AbstractList Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain-averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is addressed by using large eddy simulations of shallow convection over land coupled with a radar simulator. Results indicate that zenith profiling observations are inadequate to provide reliable CFP estimates. Use of scanning cloud radar (SCR), performing a sequence of cross-wind horizon-to-horizon scans, is not straightforward due to the strong dependence of radar sensitivity to target distance. An objective method for estimating domain-averaged CFP is proposed that uses observed statistics of SCR hydrometeor detection with height to estimate optimum sampling regions. This method shows good agreement with the model CFP. Results indicate that CFP estimates require more than 35min of SCR scans to converge on the model domain average. The proposed technique is expected to improve our ability to compare model output with cloud radar observations in shallow cumulus cloud conditions. Key Points * Shallow convection fields provided by LES coupled with a radar simulator were studied * A new objective method of estimating domain-averaged cloud fraction profiles using scanning cloud radar was proposed * Cloud fraction profiles from a single zenith cloud radar are subject to large uncertainties
Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain-averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is addressed by using large eddy simulations of shallow convection over land coupled with a radar simulator. Results indicate that zenith profiling observations are inadequate to provide reliable CFP estimates. Use of scanning cloud radar (SCR), performing a sequence of cross-wind horizon-to-horizon scans, is not straightforward due to the strong dependence of radar sensitivity to target distance. An objective method for estimating domain-averaged CFP is proposed that uses observed statistics of SCR hydrometeor detection with height to estimate optimum sampling regions. This method shows good agreement with the model CFP. Results indicate that CFP estimates require more than 35min of SCR scans to converge on the model domain average. The proposed technique is expected to improve our ability to compare model output with cloud radar observations in shallow cumulus cloud conditions.
Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is addressed by using large eddy simulations of shallow convection over land coupled with a radar simulator. Results indicate that zenith profiling observations are inadequate to provide reliable CFP estimates. Use of scanning cloud radar (SCR), performing a sequence of cross‐wind horizon‐to‐horizon scans, is not straightforward due to the strong dependence of radar sensitivity to target distance. An objective method for estimating domain‐averaged CFP is proposed that uses observed statistics of SCR hydrometeor detection with height to estimate optimum sampling regions. This method shows good agreement with the model CFP. Results indicate that CFP estimates require more than 35 min of SCR scans to converge on the model domain average. The proposed technique is expected to improve our ability to compare model output with cloud radar observations in shallow cumulus cloud conditions. Shallow convection fields provided by LES coupled with a radar simulator were studied A new objective method of estimating domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles using scanning cloud radar was proposed Cloud fraction profiles from a single zenith cloud radar are subject to large uncertainties
Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain-averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is addressed using large eddy simulations of shallow convection over land coupled with a radar simulator. Results indicate that zenith profiling observations are inadequate to provide reliable CFP estimates. Use of Scanning Cloud Radar (SCR), performing a sequence of cross-wind horizon-to-horizon scans, is not straightforward due to the strong dependence of radar sensitivity to target distance. An objective method for estimating domain-averaged CFP is proposed that uses observed statistics of SCR hydrometeor detection with height to estimate optimum sampling regions. This method shows good agreement with the model CFP. Results indicate that CFP estimates require more than 35 min of SCR scans to converge on the model domain average. Lastly, the proposed technique is expected to improve our ability to compare model output with cloud radar observations in shallow cumulus cloud conditions.
Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is addressed by using large eddy simulations of shallow convection over land coupled with a radar simulator. Results indicate that zenith profiling observations are inadequate to provide reliable CFP estimates. Use of scanning cloud radar (SCR), performing a sequence of cross‐wind horizon‐to‐horizon scans, is not straightforward due to the strong dependence of radar sensitivity to target distance. An objective method for estimating domain‐averaged CFP is proposed that uses observed statistics of SCR hydrometeor detection with height to estimate optimum sampling regions. This method shows good agreement with the model CFP. Results indicate that CFP estimates require more than 35 min of SCR scans to converge on the model domain average. The proposed technique is expected to improve our ability to compare model output with cloud radar observations in shallow cumulus cloud conditions. Key Points Shallow convection fields provided by LES coupled with a radar simulator were studied A new objective method of estimating domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles using scanning cloud radar was proposed Cloud fraction profiles from a single zenith cloud radar are subject to large uncertainties
Author Kollias, Pavlos
North, Kirk W.
Oue, Mariko
Gustafson, William I.
Vogelmann, Andrew M.
Tatarevic, Aleksandra
Endo, Satoshi
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  surname: Oue
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  surname: Kollias
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  givenname: Kirk W.
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  organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
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Snippet Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain‐averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is...
Large spatial heterogeneities in shallow convection result in uncertainties in estimations of domain-averaged cloud fraction profiles (CFP). This issue is...
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SubjectTerms cloud fraction
Clouds
Computer simulation
Convection
cross-wind RHI
Crosswinds
Cumulus clouds
Detection
Distance
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Estimates
Estimating
Fractions
Height
Horizon
Hydrometeors
Large eddy simulation
Large eddy simulations
Profiles
Profiling
Radar
Radar observation
Sampling
Scanning
Sequencing
shallow convection
Simulators
Statistical methods
Temperature
Uncertainty
Vortices
Wind
Zenith
Title Estimation of cloud fraction profile in shallow convection using a scanning cloud radar
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https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1340843
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/2016GL070776
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