A refinement and validation of the Monash Canine Personality Questionnaire (MCPQ)

• Published in: Applied animal behaviour science Vol. 116; no. 2; pp. 220 - 227
• Main Authors: Ley, Jacqui M., Bennett, Pauleen C., Coleman, Grahame J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 31.01.2009; [Amsterdam]: Elsevier Science
• Subjects: animal characteristics; breed differences; Canine; Dog; dog attributes; dog breeds; dog owner demographics; dogs; MCPQ; Personality; questionnaires; rating scales; sociodemographic characteristics; statistical models; structural equation modelling; temperament; Validation; Validation; Personality; MCPQ; Dog; Canine
• ISSN: 0168-1591; 1872-9045
• DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2008.09.009

The investigation of canine personality has failed to find strong agreement between studies as to its structure. The area has been hampered by a reliance on human personality models and by a tendency to limit the types of dogs used as subjects. These problems were recently addressed during the development of the Monash Canine Personality Questionnaire (MCPQ). In this follow-up study, over 450 participants provided demographic information about themselves and their dog and completed the MCPQ for their dog. Structural Equation Modelling results necessitated reassessing the original data and reanalysis suggested a more succinct questionnaire, the MCPQ-R, to measure five dimensions of canine personality very similar to those revealed in earlier work (extraversion, motivation, training focus, amicability and neuroticism). Owner reports of personality were generally consistent across demographic variables for all five canine personality subscales. There was no association between any subscale score and owner gender or education level, or dog sex or sexual status (desexed or not desexed). Significant, but generally weak associations were found for owner age and Extraversion ( r = 0.17, P < 0.001), owner knowledge of their dog and Training Focus ( r = 0.22, P < 0.001), time spent inside and Extraversion ( r = −0.13, P = 0.007), dog age and Extraversion ( r = 0.14, P = 0.004), Training Focus and Extraversion ( r = 0.13, P = 0.007), dog height and Neuroticism ( r = −0.20, P < 0.001) and dog height and Amicability ( r = 0.2, P < 0.001), dog weight and Neuroticism ( r = −0.17, P < 0.01) and dog weight and Amicability ( r = 0.19, P < 0.01). There were also few differences in personality ratings across recognised purebred dog breed groups, although Working Dogs and Terriers scored significantly more highly on the Extraverted subscale than other groups ( P < 0.001) and Working Dogs and Gundogs scored more highly on the Training Focus subscale ( P < 0.001). These results are consistent with the view that the MCPQ-R assesses a construct, canine personality, which is relatively stable and comprised of five dimensions.