Environmental and biophysical controls of evapotranspiration from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (Caatinga) in the Brazilian Semiarid

•In-situ observation of evapotranspiration (ET) in a Brazilian STDF (Caatinga) using eddy covariance.•Maximum surface conductance values occurred at approximately 09:00 (local time).•During the two studied years the surface did not decouple from the atmosphere.•During the wet season, ET was mainly c...

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Published inAgricultural and forest meteorology Vol. 287; p. 107957
Main Authors Marques, Thiago V., Mendes, Keila, Mutti, Pedro, Medeiros, Salomão, Silva, Lindenberg, Perez-Marin, Aldrin M., Campos, Suany, Lúcio, Paulo S., Lima, Kellen, dos Reis, Jean, Ramos, Tarsila M., da Silva, Daniel F., Oliveira, Cristiano P., Costa, Gabriel B., Antonino, Antonio C.D., Menezes, Rômulo S.C., Santos e Silva, Cláudio M., Bezerra, Bergson
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 15.06.2020
Subjects
Brazil
Brazilian Semiarid
Bulk surface conductance
caatinga
Caatinga Biome
carbon
Decoupling factor
dry season
ecosystems
eddy covariance
Evapotranspiration
leaves
meteorology
rain
stomatal movement
water stress
wet season
Brazil
Decoupling factor
Brazilian Semiarid
Caatinga Biome
Evapotranspiration
Bulk surface conductance
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0168-1923
1873-2240
DOI10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107957

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Abstract •In-situ observation of evapotranspiration (ET) in a Brazilian STDF (Caatinga) using eddy covariance.•Maximum surface conductance values occurred at approximately 09:00 (local time).•During the two studied years the surface did not decouple from the atmosphere.•During the wet season, ET was mainly controlled by available energy while surface conductance controlled ET during the dry season. Seasonally dry tropical forests are among the most important biomes regarding regional and global hydrological and carbon fluxes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the seasonal and interannual variability of evapotranspiration (ET) and its biophysical control and characteristics (surface conductance—Gs; decoupling coefficient—Ω; ratio between actual evapotranspiration and equilibrium evapotranspiration—ET/ETeq) in a preserved Caatinga Biome environment during two dry years in the Northeast Brazil region. A study on this subject with this level of detail in this biome is unprecedent. Measurements were carried out using an eddy covariance system during the period from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2015. The lowest ET values were observed in the dry season of both experiment years (0.3 and 0.2 mm day−1) as a consequence of poor water availability, which favored partial stomatal closure and reduced Gs values (0.22 and 0.13 mm s−1). The opposite occurred in the wet season, when ET (2.6 and 1.7 mm day−1) and Gs (3.74 and 2.13 mm s−1) means reached higher values. Regarding annual values, differences between total annual rainfall in both years is the most probable cause for the differences observed in annual ET values. In 2014, annual ET was of 473.3 mm while in 2015 it was 283.4 mm, which incurred in an overall decrease in Gs, Ω and ET/ETeq values. Leaf senescence and extremely low Gs values during the dry season suggest that the trees of the Caatinga Biome are more resilient regarding the use of water and are avoiding water stress caused under low water availability.
AbstractList Seasonally dry tropical forests are among the most important biomes regarding regional and global hydrological and carbon fluxes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the seasonal and interannual variability of evapotranspiration (ET) and its biophysical control and characteristics (surface conductance—Gₛ; decoupling coefficient—Ω; ratio between actual evapotranspiration and equilibrium evapotranspiration—ET/ETₑq) in a preserved Caatinga Biome environment during two dry years in the Northeast Brazil region. A study on this subject with this level of detail in this biome is unprecedent. Measurements were carried out using an eddy covariance system during the period from 1ˢᵗ January 2014 to 31ˢᵗ December 2015. The lowest ET values were observed in the dry season of both experiment years (0.3 and 0.2 mm day⁻¹) as a consequence of poor water availability, which favored partial stomatal closure and reduced Gₛ values (0.22 and 0.13 mm s⁻¹). The opposite occurred in the wet season, when ET (2.6 and 1.7 mm day⁻¹) and Gₛ (3.74 and 2.13 mm s⁻¹) means reached higher values. Regarding annual values, differences between total annual rainfall in both years is the most probable cause for the differences observed in annual ET values. In 2014, annual ET was of 473.3 mm while in 2015 it was 283.4 mm, which incurred in an overall decrease in Gₛ, Ω and ET/ETₑq values. Leaf senescence and extremely low Gₛ values during the dry season suggest that the trees of the Caatinga Biome are more resilient regarding the use of water and are avoiding water stress caused under low water availability.
•In-situ observation of evapotranspiration (ET) in a Brazilian STDF (Caatinga) using eddy covariance.•Maximum surface conductance values occurred at approximately 09:00 (local time).•During the two studied years the surface did not decouple from the atmosphere.•During the wet season, ET was mainly controlled by available energy while surface conductance controlled ET during the dry season. Seasonally dry tropical forests are among the most important biomes regarding regional and global hydrological and carbon fluxes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the seasonal and interannual variability of evapotranspiration (ET) and its biophysical control and characteristics (surface conductance—Gs; decoupling coefficient—Ω; ratio between actual evapotranspiration and equilibrium evapotranspiration—ET/ETeq) in a preserved Caatinga Biome environment during two dry years in the Northeast Brazil region. A study on this subject with this level of detail in this biome is unprecedent. Measurements were carried out using an eddy covariance system during the period from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2015. The lowest ET values were observed in the dry season of both experiment years (0.3 and 0.2 mm day−1) as a consequence of poor water availability, which favored partial stomatal closure and reduced Gs values (0.22 and 0.13 mm s−1). The opposite occurred in the wet season, when ET (2.6 and 1.7 mm day−1) and Gs (3.74 and 2.13 mm s−1) means reached higher values. Regarding annual values, differences between total annual rainfall in both years is the most probable cause for the differences observed in annual ET values. In 2014, annual ET was of 473.3 mm while in 2015 it was 283.4 mm, which incurred in an overall decrease in Gs, Ω and ET/ETeq values. Leaf senescence and extremely low Gs values during the dry season suggest that the trees of the Caatinga Biome are more resilient regarding the use of water and are avoiding water stress caused under low water availability.
ArticleNumber 107957
Author da Silva, Daniel F.
Ramos, Tarsila M.
Oliveira, Cristiano P.
Marques, Thiago V.
Menezes, Rômulo S.C.
Mutti, Pedro
Mendes, Keila
dos Reis, Jean
Perez-Marin, Aldrin M.
Costa, Gabriel B.
Silva, Lindenberg
Campos, Suany
Bezerra, Bergson
Medeiros, Salomão
Lúcio, Paulo S.
Antonino, Antonio C.D.
Lima, Kellen
Santos e Silva, Cláudio M.
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  organization: Academic Unit of Atmospheric Sciences, Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG, Campina Grande, Brazil
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  organization: Climate Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
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  givenname: Daniel F.
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  fullname: da Silva, Daniel F.
  organization: Department of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
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  givenname: Cristiano P.
  surname: Oliveira
  fullname: Oliveira, Cristiano P.
  organization: Climate Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
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  givenname: Gabriel B.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5254-489X
  surname: Costa
  fullname: Costa, Gabriel B.
  organization: Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém, Brazil
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  givenname: Antonio C.D.
  surname: Antonino
  fullname: Antonino, Antonio C.D.
  organization: Department of Nuclear Energy, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, Brazil
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  givenname: Rômulo S.C.
  surname: Menezes
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  surname: Bezerra
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  organization: Climate Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
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Brazilian Semiarid
Caatinga Biome
Evapotranspiration
Bulk surface conductance
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Snippet •In-situ observation of evapotranspiration (ET) in a Brazilian STDF (Caatinga) using eddy covariance.•Maximum surface conductance values occurred at...
Seasonally dry tropical forests are among the most important biomes regarding regional and global hydrological and carbon fluxes. Thus, the objective of this...
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StartPage 107957
SubjectTerms Brazil
Brazilian Semiarid
Bulk surface conductance
caatinga
Caatinga Biome
carbon
Decoupling factor
dry season
ecosystems
eddy covariance
Evapotranspiration
leaves
meteorology
rain
stomatal movement
water stress
wet season
Title Environmental and biophysical controls of evapotranspiration from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (Caatinga) in the Brazilian Semiarid
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107957
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2574329171
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