Trans (elaidic) fatty acids adversely affect the lipoprotein profile relative to specific saturated fatty acids in humans

• Published in: The Journal of nutrition Vol. 127; no. 3; pp. 514 - 520S
• Main Authors: Sundram, K, Ismail, A, Hayes, K.C, Jeyamalar, R, Pathmanathan, R
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD American Society for Nutritional Sciences 01.03.1997; American Institute of Nutrition
• Subjects: ACEITE DE SOJA; ACIDE GRAS; ACIDE GRAS INSATURE; ACIDE GRAS SATURE; ACIDE MYRISTIQUE; ACIDE PALMITIQUE; ACIDO MIRISTICO; ACIDO PALMITICO; ACIDOS GRASOS; ACIDOS GRASOS INSATURADOS; ACIDOS GRASOS SATURADOS; Adult; APOLIPOPROTEIN(A); APOLIPOPROTEINS; Apolipoproteins - blood; APOPROTEINAS; APOPROTEINE; APOPROTEINS; Biological and medical sciences; BLOOD LIPIDS; BLOOD SERUM; CHOLESTEROL; Cholesterol - blood; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; COLESTEROL; CORPS GRAS; Cross-Over Studies; DIET; DIETA; dietary fat; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Double-Blind Method; ELAIDIC ACID; ENERGY INTAKE; FATS; FATTY ACIDS; Fatty Acids - administration & dosage; Fatty Acids - chemistry; Female; FEMME; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; GRASAS; HEMOLIPIDOS; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; HOMBRES; HOMME; HUILE DE SOJA; Humans; INGESTION DE NUTRIENTES; INGESTION DE SUBSTANCES NUTRITIVES; LIPIDE SANGUIN; Lipids; Lipids. Glycolipids; Lipoprotein(a) - blood; LIPOPROTEINAS; LIPOPROTEINE; LIPOPROTEINS; Lipoproteins - blood; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; Male; MEN; Metabolisms and neurohumoral controls; MONOENOIC FATTY ACIDS; MUJERES; MYRISTIC ACID; NUTRIENT INTAKE; Nutrition; Oils & fats; Oleic Acid - administration & dosage; Oleic Acid - adverse effects; PALMITIC ACID; Proteins; REGIME ALIMENTAIRE; SATURATED FATTY ACIDS; SERUM SANGUIN; SOYBEAN OIL; Stereoisomerism; SUERO SANGUINEO; TRANS FATTY ACIDS; UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; WOMEN; Human; Diet therapy; Diet; Saturated fatty acid; Elaidic acid; Fat; Lipoprotein; Metabolism; Cholesterol; Comparative study; Blood plasma
• ISSN: 0022-3166; 1541-6100
• DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.3.514s

Although dietary trans fatty acids can affect plasma lipoproteins negatively in humans, no direct comparison with specific saturated fatty acids has been reported, even though trans fatty acids were designed to replace saturates in foods and food processing. In this study, dietary trans 18:1 [elaidic acid at 5.5% energy (en)] was specifically exchanged for cis 18:1, 16:0 or 12:0 + 14:0 in 27 male and female subjects consuming moderate fat (31% en), low cholesterol (225 mg/d) whole food diets during 4-wk diet periods in a crossover design. The trans-rich fat significantly elevated total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol relative to the 16:0-rich and 18:1-rich fats and uniquely depressed HDL cholesterol relative to all of the fats tested. Trans fatty acids also elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] values relative to all dietary treatments. Furthermore, identical effects on lipoproteins were elicited by 16:0 and cis 18:1 in these subjects. The current results suggest that elaidic acid, one of the principal trans isomers produced during industrial hydrogenation of edible oils, adversely affects plasma lipoproteins. Thus, the negative effect of elaidic acid on the lipoprotein profile of humans appears to be unmatched by any other natural fatty acid(s)