Molecular evolution and nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF0 (atpH)
The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the α subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF 0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous subs...
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| Published in | Genetics (Austin) Vol. 116; no. 1; pp. 127 - 139 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Bethesda, MD
Genetics Soc America
01.05.1987
Genetics Society of America |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0016-6731 1943-2631 1943-2631 |
| DOI | 10.1093/genetics/116.1.127 |
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| Abstract | The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the α subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF 0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution which are much lower than similar rates for genes from other sources. This is consistent with the notion that the plastid genome is evolving conservatively in primary sequence. Yet, the mode and tempo of sequence evolution of these and other plastid-encoded coupling factor genes are not the same. In particular, higher rates of nonsynonymous substitution in atpE (the gene for the ∊ subunit of CF1) and higher rates of synonymous substitution in atpH in the dicot vs. monocot lineages of higher plants indicate that these sequences are likely subject to different evolutionary constraints in these two lineages. The 5′- and 3′ transcribed flanking regions of atpA and atpH from maize, wheat and tobacco are conserved in size, but contain few putative regulatory elements which are conserved either in their spatial arrangement or sequence complexity. However, these regions likely contain variable numbers of "species-specific" regulatory elements. The present studies thus suggest that the plastid genome is not a passive participant in an evolutionary process governed by a more rapidly changing, readily adaptive, nuclear compartment, but that novel strategies for the coordinate expression of genes in the plastid genome may arise through rapid evolution of the flanking sequences of these genes. |
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| AbstractList | The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution which are much lower than similar rates for genes from other sources. This is consistent with the notion that the plastid genome is evolving conservatively in primary sequence. Yet, the mode and tempo of sequence evolution of these and other plastid-encoded coupling factor genes are not the same. In particular, higher rates of nonsynonymous substitution in atpE (the gene for the epsilon subunit of CF1) and higher rates of synonymous substitution in atpH in the dicot vs. monocot lineages of higher plants indicate that these sequences are likely subject to different evolutionary constraints in these two lineages. The 5'- and 3'-transcribed flanking regions of atpA and atpH from maize, wheat and tobacco are conserved in size, but contain few putative regulatory elements which are conserved either in their spatial arrangement or sequence complexity. However, these regions likely contain variable numbers of "species-specific" regulatory elements. The present studies thus suggest that the plastid genome is not a passive participant in an evolutionary process governed by a more rapidly changing, readily adaptive, nuclear compartment, but that novel strategies for the coordinate expression of genes in the plastid genome may arise through rapid evolution of the flanking sequences of these genes. The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the α subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF 0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution which are much lower than similar rates for genes from other sources. This is consistent with the notion that the plastid genome is evolving conservatively in primary sequence. Yet, the mode and tempo of sequence evolution of these and other plastid-encoded coupling factor genes are not the same. In particular, higher rates of nonsynonymous substitution in atpE (the gene for the ε subunit of CF 1) and higher rates of synonymous substitution in atpH in the dicot vs. monocot lineages of higher plants indicate that these sequences are likely subject to different evolutionary constraints in these two lineages. The 5'- and 3' transcribed flanking regions of atpA and atpH from maize, wheat and tobacco are conserved in size, but contain few putative regulatory elements which are conserved either in their spatial arrangement or sequence complexity. However, these regions likely contain variable numbers of "species-specific" regulatory elements. The present studies thus suggest that the plastid genome is not a passive participant in an evolutionary process governed by a more rapidly changing, readily adaptive, nuclear compartment, but that novel strategies for the coordinate expression of genes in the plastid genome may arise through rapid evolution of the flanking sequences of these genes. The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the α subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF 0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution which are much lower than similar rates for genes from other sources. This is consistent with the notion that the plastid genome is evolving conservatively in primary sequence. Yet, the mode and tempo of sequence evolution of these and other plastid-encoded coupling factor genes are not the same. In particular, higher rates of nonsynonymous substitution in atpE (the gene for the ∊ subunit of CF1) and higher rates of synonymous substitution in atpH in the dicot vs. monocot lineages of higher plants indicate that these sequences are likely subject to different evolutionary constraints in these two lineages. The 5′- and 3′ transcribed flanking regions of atpA and atpH from maize, wheat and tobacco are conserved in size, but contain few putative regulatory elements which are conserved either in their spatial arrangement or sequence complexity. However, these regions likely contain variable numbers of "species-specific" regulatory elements. The present studies thus suggest that the plastid genome is not a passive participant in an evolutionary process governed by a more rapidly changing, readily adaptive, nuclear compartment, but that novel strategies for the coordinate expression of genes in the plastid genome may arise through rapid evolution of the flanking sequences of these genes. The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution which are much lower than similar rates for genes from other sources. This is consistent with the notion that the plastid genome is evolving conservatively in primary sequence. Yet, the mode and tempo of sequence evolution of these and other plastid-encoded coupling factor genes are not the same. In particular, higher rates of nonsynonymous substitution in atpE (the gene for the epsilon subunit of CF1) and higher rates of synonymous substitution in atpH in the dicot vs. monocot lineages of higher plants indicate that these sequences are likely subject to different evolutionary constraints in these two lineages. The 5'- and 3'-transcribed flanking regions of atpA and atpH from maize, wheat and tobacco are conserved in size, but contain few putative regulatory elements which are conserved either in their spatial arrangement or sequence complexity. However, these regions likely contain variable numbers of "species-specific" regulatory elements. The present studies thus suggest that the plastid genome is not a passive participant in an evolutionary process governed by a more rapidly changing, readily adaptive, nuclear compartment, but that novel strategies for the coordinate expression of genes in the plastid genome may arise through rapid evolution of the flanking sequences of these genes.The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of these genes among higher plants is characterized by a transition mutation bias of about 2:1 and by rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution which are much lower than similar rates for genes from other sources. This is consistent with the notion that the plastid genome is evolving conservatively in primary sequence. Yet, the mode and tempo of sequence evolution of these and other plastid-encoded coupling factor genes are not the same. In particular, higher rates of nonsynonymous substitution in atpE (the gene for the epsilon subunit of CF1) and higher rates of synonymous substitution in atpH in the dicot vs. monocot lineages of higher plants indicate that these sequences are likely subject to different evolutionary constraints in these two lineages. The 5'- and 3'-transcribed flanking regions of atpA and atpH from maize, wheat and tobacco are conserved in size, but contain few putative regulatory elements which are conserved either in their spatial arrangement or sequence complexity. However, these regions likely contain variable numbers of "species-specific" regulatory elements. The present studies thus suggest that the plastid genome is not a passive participant in an evolutionary process governed by a more rapidly changing, readily adaptive, nuclear compartment, but that novel strategies for the coordinate expression of genes in the plastid genome may arise through rapid evolution of the flanking sequences of these genes. |
| Author | Bogorad, L Rodermel, S.R |
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| Keywords | Monocotyledones Vegetals Zea mays Nucleotide sequence ATPase Biological evolution Coupling factor CF1 Gene organization Subunit Cereal crop Molecular evolution Gene Gramineae Angiospermae Spermatophyta Chloroplast Cytoplasmic inheritance |
| Language | English |
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| References | 6284948 - J Mol Evol. 1982;18(4):225-39 7044901 - Gene. 1982 Feb;17(2):213-8 6751939 - Gene. 1982 Jun;18(3):199-209 6442359 - J Mol Evol. 1984;21(1):58-71 16592373 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Dec;73(12):4309-13 6281739 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Apr 24;10(8):2665-76 1248644 - FEBS Lett. 1976 Feb 1;62(1):96-100 7037777 - J Biol Chem. 1982 Mar 25;257(6):3026-31 6300797 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Apr 11;11(7):2185-91 6345068 - Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1983;47 Pt 2:1087-97 6290998 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Aug 25;10(16):4985-5002 6986610 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Jan 11;8(1):r49-r62 3512536 - J Biol Chem. 1986 Feb 25;261(6):2485-8 16593238 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Oct;79(20):6260-4 6246368 - Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499-560 17246206 - Genetics. 1984 Apr;106(4):735-49 6231529 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Mar 12;12(5):2549-59 6165991 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jan;78(1):454-8 7048258 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 May 11;10(9):2971-96 6534872 - Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1984 Oct-Dec;28(4):283-90 2981888 - J Cell Biol. 1985 Feb;100(2):463-76 6853530 - J Biol Chem. 1983 May 10;258(9):5503-11 16593407 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(2):405-8 16592786 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Mar;77(3):1361-4 6308577 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 11;11(15):5277-86 6227526 - Gene. 1983 Oct;24(2-3):147-55 7120431 - J Mol Evol. 1982;18(5):360-9 |
| References_xml | – reference: 6345068 - Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1983;47 Pt 2:1087-97 – reference: 6751939 - Gene. 1982 Jun;18(3):199-209 – reference: 1248644 - FEBS Lett. 1976 Feb 1;62(1):96-100 – reference: 6300797 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Apr 11;11(7):2185-91 – reference: 16593407 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(2):405-8 – reference: 6231529 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Mar 12;12(5):2549-59 – reference: 6281739 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Apr 24;10(8):2665-76 – reference: 16592373 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Dec;73(12):4309-13 – reference: 17246206 - Genetics. 1984 Apr;106(4):735-49 – reference: 16592786 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Mar;77(3):1361-4 – reference: 7044901 - Gene. 1982 Feb;17(2):213-8 – reference: 7120431 - J Mol Evol. 1982;18(5):360-9 – reference: 16593238 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Oct;79(20):6260-4 – reference: 7048258 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 May 11;10(9):2971-96 – reference: 6442359 - J Mol Evol. 1984;21(1):58-71 – reference: 6308577 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 11;11(15):5277-86 – reference: 6284948 - J Mol Evol. 1982;18(4):225-39 – reference: 6227526 - Gene. 1983 Oct;24(2-3):147-55 – reference: 2981888 - J Cell Biol. 1985 Feb;100(2):463-76 – reference: 7037777 - J Biol Chem. 1982 Mar 25;257(6):3026-31 – reference: 6290998 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Aug 25;10(16):4985-5002 – reference: 3512536 - J Biol Chem. 1986 Feb 25;261(6):2485-8 – reference: 6534872 - Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1984 Oct-Dec;28(4):283-90 – reference: 6986610 - Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Jan 11;8(1):r49-r62 – reference: 6165991 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jan;78(1):454-8 – reference: 6853530 - J Biol Chem. 1983 May 10;258(9):5503-11 – reference: 6246368 - Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499-560 |
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| Snippet | The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the α subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF 0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution of... The nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF0 (atpH) are presented. The evolution... |
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| StartPage | 127 |
| SubjectTerms | Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Amino Acid Sequence Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences Biological Evolution Classical and quantitative genetics. Population genetics. Molecular genetics DNA Restriction Enzymes enzymology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GENE Generalities. Genetics. Plant material GENES Genes, Regulator genetics Genetics and breeding of economic plants Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution GENOMAS GENOME GENOMES Investigations Macromolecular Substances NUCLEOTIDE nucleotide sequences NUCLEOTIDES NUCLEOTIDOS Plants Plants - enzymology Plants - genetics PLASTE PLASTIDIOS PLASTIDS Proteolipids Proteolipids - genetics Proton-Translocating ATPases Proton-Translocating ATPases - genetics Transcription, Genetic ZEA MAYS Zea mays - enzymology Zea mays - genetics |
| Title | Molecular evolution and nucleotide sequences of the maize plastid genes for the alpha subunit of CF1 (atpA) and the proteolipid subunit of CF0 (atpH) |
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