Neuronal codes for arithmetic rule processing in the human brain
Arithmetic is a cornerstone of scientifically and technologically advanced human culture, but its neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. Calculating with numbers requires temporary maintenance and manipulation of numerical information according to arithmetic rules. We explored the brain mechanis...
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| Published in | Current biology Vol. 32; no. 6; pp. 1275 - 1284.e4 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Elsevier Inc
28.03.2022
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0960-9822 1879-0445 1879-0445 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.054 |
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| Abstract | Arithmetic is a cornerstone of scientifically and technologically advanced human culture, but its neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. Calculating with numbers requires temporary maintenance and manipulation of numerical information according to arithmetic rules. We explored the brain mechanisms involved in simple arithmetic operations by recording single-neuron activity from the medial temporal lobe of human subjects performing additions and subtractions. We found abstract and notation-independent codes for addition and subtraction in neuronal populations. The neuronal codes of arithmetic in different brain areas differed drastically. Decoders applied to time-resolved recordings demonstrate a static code in hippocampus based on persistently rule-selective neurons, in contrast to a dynamic code in parahippocampal cortex originating from neurons carrying rapidly changing rule information. The implementation of abstract arithmetic codes suggests different cognitive functions for medial temporal lobe regions in arithmetic.
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•Single neurons in the human MTL show abstract codes for addition and subtraction•Time-resolved decoding analysis shows a dynamic code in the parahippocampal cortex•The hippocampus shows a static code based on persistently rule-selective neurons•Different codes suggest different cognitive functions of MTL regions in arithmetic
Kutter et al. demonstrate abstract and notation-independent codes for addition and subtraction in neuronal populations in the human medial temporal lobe (MTL). A dynamic code in the parahippocampal cortex contrasts with a static code in the hippocampus, suggesting different cognitive functions for these MTL regions in arithmetic. |
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| AbstractList | Arithmetic is a cornerstone of scientifically and technologically advanced human culture, but its neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. Calculating with numbers requires temporary maintenance and manipulation of numerical information according to arithmetic rules. We explored the brain mechanisms involved in simple arithmetic operations by recording single-neuron activity from the medial temporal lobe of human subjects performing additions and subtractions. We found abstract and notation-independent codes for addition and subtraction in neuronal populations. The neuronal codes of arithmetic in different brain areas differed drastically. Decoders applied to time-resolved recordings demonstrate a static code in hippocampus based on persistently rule-selective neurons, in contrast to a dynamic code in parahippocampal cortex originating from neurons carrying rapidly changing rule information. The implementation of abstract arithmetic codes suggests different cognitive functions for medial temporal lobe regions in arithmetic.Arithmetic is a cornerstone of scientifically and technologically advanced human culture, but its neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. Calculating with numbers requires temporary maintenance and manipulation of numerical information according to arithmetic rules. We explored the brain mechanisms involved in simple arithmetic operations by recording single-neuron activity from the medial temporal lobe of human subjects performing additions and subtractions. We found abstract and notation-independent codes for addition and subtraction in neuronal populations. The neuronal codes of arithmetic in different brain areas differed drastically. Decoders applied to time-resolved recordings demonstrate a static code in hippocampus based on persistently rule-selective neurons, in contrast to a dynamic code in parahippocampal cortex originating from neurons carrying rapidly changing rule information. The implementation of abstract arithmetic codes suggests different cognitive functions for medial temporal lobe regions in arithmetic. Arithmetic is a cornerstone of scientifically and technologically advanced human culture, but its neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. Calculating with numbers requires temporary maintenance and manipulation of numerical information according to arithmetic rules. We explored the brain mechanisms involved in simple arithmetic operations by recording single-neuron activity from the medial temporal lobe of human subjects performing additions and subtractions. We found abstract and notation-independent codes for addition and subtraction in neuronal populations. The neuronal codes of arithmetic in different brain areas differed drastically. Decoders applied to time-resolved recordings demonstrate a static code in hippocampus based on persistently rule-selective neurons, in contrast to a dynamic code in parahippocampal cortex originating from neurons carrying rapidly changing rule information. The implementation of abstract arithmetic codes suggests different cognitive functions for medial temporal lobe regions in arithmetic. Arithmetic is a cornerstone of scientifically and technologically advanced human culture, but its neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood. Calculating with numbers requires temporary maintenance and manipulation of numerical information according to arithmetic rules. We explored the brain mechanisms involved in simple arithmetic operations by recording single-neuron activity from the medial temporal lobe of human subjects performing additions and subtractions. We found abstract and notation-independent codes for addition and subtraction in neuronal populations. The neuronal codes of arithmetic in different brain areas differed drastically. Decoders applied to time-resolved recordings demonstrate a static code in hippocampus based on persistently rule-selective neurons, in contrast to a dynamic code in parahippocampal cortex originating from neurons carrying rapidly changing rule information. The implementation of abstract arithmetic codes suggests different cognitive functions for medial temporal lobe regions in arithmetic. [Display omitted] •Single neurons in the human MTL show abstract codes for addition and subtraction•Time-resolved decoding analysis shows a dynamic code in the parahippocampal cortex•The hippocampus shows a static code based on persistently rule-selective neurons•Different codes suggest different cognitive functions of MTL regions in arithmetic Kutter et al. demonstrate abstract and notation-independent codes for addition and subtraction in neuronal populations in the human medial temporal lobe (MTL). A dynamic code in the parahippocampal cortex contrasts with a static code in the hippocampus, suggesting different cognitive functions for these MTL regions in arithmetic. |
| Author | Mormann, Florian Nieder, Andreas Kutter, Esther F. Boström, Jan Elger, Christian E. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Esther F. surname: Kutter fullname: Kutter, Esther F. organization: Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Jan surname: Boström fullname: Boström, Jan organization: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical Center, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Christian E. surname: Elger fullname: Elger, Christian E. organization: Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: Andreas surname: Nieder fullname: Nieder, Andreas email: andreas.nieder@uni-tuebingen.de organization: Animal Physiology, Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: Florian orcidid: 0000-0003-1305-8028 surname: Mormann fullname: Mormann, Florian email: florian.mormann@ukbonn.de organization: Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35167806$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | single-unit recordings medial temporal lobe hippocampus parahippocampal cortex static code dynamic code numbers arithmetic symbolic competence humans |
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| SubjectTerms | arithmetic Brain - physiology Brain Mapping dynamic code hippocampus Humans Mathematics medial temporal lobe Neurons - physiology numbers parahippocampal cortex single-unit recordings static code symbolic competence Temporal Lobe - physiology |
| Title | Neuronal codes for arithmetic rule processing in the human brain |
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