Supercritical ethanol as an enhanced medium for lignocellulosic biomass liquefaction: Influence of physical process parameters

In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The parameters include reaction temperature (280–400 °C), initial nitrogen pressure (0.4–7.5 MPa), reaction time (0–240 min), and...

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Published in	Energy (Oxford) Vol. 59; pp. 173 - 182
Main Authors	Brand, Steffen, Susanti, Ratna Frida, Kim, Seok Ki, Lee, Hong-shik, Kim, Jaehoon, Sang, Byung-In
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 15.09.2013 Elsevier
Subjects	Applied sciences Biocrude Biomass carbon catalysts Conversion Energy Ethanol Ethyl alcohol Exact sciences and technology feedstocks heat hydrogen Hydrogen donor Lignocellulose Lignocellulosic biomass Liquefaction molecular weight Natural energy nitrogen oxygen Process parameters Supercritical ethanol temperature Wood Biocrude Supercritical ethanol Liquefaction Lignocellulosic biomass Hydrogen donor Lignocellulosics Biomass
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	0360-5442
DOI	10.1016/j.energy.2013.06.049

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Abstract	In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The parameters include reaction temperature (280–400 °C), initial nitrogen pressure (0.4–7.5 MPa), reaction time (0–240 min), and biomass-to-solvent ratio (0.06–0.25 g/g). The reaction temperature and residence time were found to have a more significant effect on biomass conversion and product yield than pressure and biomass-to-solvent ratio had; conversion in the range 34.0–98.1% and biocrude yield in the range 15.8–59.9 wt% were observed depending on the process parameters. Despite the absence of catalysts and external hydrogen source, solid biomass to liquid and gaseous products conversion of 98.1%, and a high biocrude yield of approximately 65.8 wt% were achieved at 400 °C, 120 min, and a biomass-to-solvent ratio of 0.06 g/g. Moreover, the biocrude contained considerably lower amounts of oxygen and higher amounts of carbon and hydrogen, resulting in a substantially higher heating value (>30 MJ/kg) as compared to raw feedstock (20.4 MJ/kg). A comparison with sub- or supercritical water-based liquefaction revealed that supercritical ethanol produced biocrude with a lower molecular weight and much better yield. Finally, a new biomass liquefaction reaction mechanism associated with supercritical ethanol is proposed. •Influence of physical parameters on biomass liquefaction in supercritical ethanol.•Benefits of supercritical ethanol as a solvent in biomass liquefaction.•High conversion (98%) and high biocrude yield (66 wt%) achieved.•Comparison with sub- and supercritical water liquefaction has been made.•New reaction mechanism of supercritical alcohol has been proposed.
AbstractList	In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The parameters include reaction temperature (280–400 °C), initial nitrogen pressure (0.4–7.5 MPa), reaction time (0–240 min), and biomass-to-solvent ratio (0.06–0.25 g/g). The reaction temperature and residence time were found to have a more significant effect on biomass conversion and product yield than pressure and biomass-to-solvent ratio had; conversion in the range 34.0–98.1% and biocrude yield in the range 15.8–59.9 wt% were observed depending on the process parameters. Despite the absence of catalysts and external hydrogen source, solid biomass to liquid and gaseous products conversion of 98.1%, and a high biocrude yield of approximately 65.8 wt% were achieved at 400 °C, 120 min, and a biomass-to-solvent ratio of 0.06 g/g. Moreover, the biocrude contained considerably lower amounts of oxygen and higher amounts of carbon and hydrogen, resulting in a substantially higher heating value (>30 MJ/kg) as compared to raw feedstock (20.4 MJ/kg). A comparison with sub- or supercritical water-based liquefaction revealed that supercritical ethanol produced biocrude with a lower molecular weight and much better yield. Finally, a new biomass liquefaction reaction mechanism associated with supercritical ethanol is proposed. In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The parameters include reaction temperature (280a400 degree C), initial nitrogen pressure (0.4a7.5 MPa), reaction time (0a240 min), and biomass-to-solvent ratio (0.06a0.25 g/g). The reaction temperature and residence time were found to have a more significant effect on biomass conversion and product yield than pressure and biomass-to-solvent ratio had; conversion in the range 34.0a98.1% and biocrude yield in the range 15.8a59.9 wt% were observed depending on the process parameters. Despite the absence of catalysts and external hydrogen source, solid biomass to liquid and gaseous products conversion of 98.1%, and a high biocrude yield of approximately 65.8 wt% were achieved at 400 degree C, 120 min, and a biomass-to-solvent ratio of 0.06 g/g. Moreover, the biocrude contained considerably lower amounts of oxygen and higher amounts of carbon and hydrogen, resulting in a substantially higher heating value (>30 MJ/kg) as compared to raw feedstock (20.4 MJ/kg). A comparison with sub- or supercritical water-based liquefaction revealed that supercritical ethanol produced biocrude with a lower molecular weight and much better yield. Finally, a new biomass liquefaction reaction mechanism associated with supercritical ethanol is proposed. In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The parameters include reaction temperature (280–400 °C), initial nitrogen pressure (0.4–7.5 MPa), reaction time (0–240 min), and biomass-to-solvent ratio (0.06–0.25 g/g). The reaction temperature and residence time were found to have a more significant effect on biomass conversion and product yield than pressure and biomass-to-solvent ratio had; conversion in the range 34.0–98.1% and biocrude yield in the range 15.8–59.9 wt% were observed depending on the process parameters. Despite the absence of catalysts and external hydrogen source, solid biomass to liquid and gaseous products conversion of 98.1%, and a high biocrude yield of approximately 65.8 wt% were achieved at 400 °C, 120 min, and a biomass-to-solvent ratio of 0.06 g/g. Moreover, the biocrude contained considerably lower amounts of oxygen and higher amounts of carbon and hydrogen, resulting in a substantially higher heating value (>30 MJ/kg) as compared to raw feedstock (20.4 MJ/kg). A comparison with sub- or supercritical water-based liquefaction revealed that supercritical ethanol produced biocrude with a lower molecular weight and much better yield. Finally, a new biomass liquefaction reaction mechanism associated with supercritical ethanol is proposed. In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The parameters include reaction temperature (280-400 C), initial nitrogen pressure (0.4-7.5 MPa), reaction time (0-240 min), and biomass-to-solvent ratio (0.06-0.25 g/g). The reaction temperature and residence time were found to have a more significant effect on biomass conversion and product yield than pressure and biomass-to-solvent ratio had; conversion in the range 34.0-98.1% and biocrude yield in the range 15.8-59.9 wt% were observed depending on the process parameters. Despite the absence of catalysts and external hydrogen source, solid biomass to liquid and gaseous products conversion of 98.1%, and a high biocrude yield of approximately 65.8 wt% were achieved at 400 C, 120 min, and a biomass-to-solvent ratio of 0.06 g/g. Moreover, the biocrude contained considerably lower amounts of oxygen and higher amounts of carbon and hydrogen, resulting in a substantially higher heating value (>30 MJ/kg) as compared to raw feed-stock (20.4 MJ/kg). A comparison with sub- or supercritical water-based liquefaction revealed that supercritical ethanol produced biocrude with a lower molecular weight and much better yield. Finally, a new biomass liquefaction reaction mechanism associated with supercritical ethanol is proposed. In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was investigated. The parameters include reaction temperature (280–400 °C), initial nitrogen pressure (0.4–7.5 MPa), reaction time (0–240 min), and biomass-to-solvent ratio (0.06–0.25 g/g). The reaction temperature and residence time were found to have a more significant effect on biomass conversion and product yield than pressure and biomass-to-solvent ratio had; conversion in the range 34.0–98.1% and biocrude yield in the range 15.8–59.9 wt% were observed depending on the process parameters. Despite the absence of catalysts and external hydrogen source, solid biomass to liquid and gaseous products conversion of 98.1%, and a high biocrude yield of approximately 65.8 wt% were achieved at 400 °C, 120 min, and a biomass-to-solvent ratio of 0.06 g/g. Moreover, the biocrude contained considerably lower amounts of oxygen and higher amounts of carbon and hydrogen, resulting in a substantially higher heating value (>30 MJ/kg) as compared to raw feedstock (20.4 MJ/kg). A comparison with sub- or supercritical water-based liquefaction revealed that supercritical ethanol produced biocrude with a lower molecular weight and much better yield. Finally, a new biomass liquefaction reaction mechanism associated with supercritical ethanol is proposed. •Influence of physical parameters on biomass liquefaction in supercritical ethanol.•Benefits of supercritical ethanol as a solvent in biomass liquefaction.•High conversion (98%) and high biocrude yield (66 wt%) achieved.•Comparison with sub- and supercritical water liquefaction has been made.•New reaction mechanism of supercritical alcohol has been proposed.
Author	Brand, Steffen Lee, Hong-shik Kim, Jaehoon Susanti, Ratna Frida Sang, Byung-In Kim, Seok Ki
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Steffen surname: Brand fullname: Brand, Steffen organization: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea – sequence: 2 givenname: Ratna Frida surname: Susanti fullname: Susanti, Ratna Frida organization: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea – sequence: 3 givenname: Seok Ki surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Seok Ki organization: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea – sequence: 4 givenname: Hong-shik surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Hong-shik organization: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea – sequence: 5 givenname: Jaehoon surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Jaehoon email: jaehoonkim@skku.edu, kjh0508@gmail.com organization: School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Sebu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon, Gyeong Gi-Do 440-746, Republic of Korea – sequence: 6 givenname: Byung-In surname: Sang fullname: Sang, Byung-In email: biosang@hanyang.ac.kr organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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Keywords	Biocrude Supercritical ethanol Liquefaction Lignocellulosic biomass Hydrogen donor Lignocellulosics Biomass
Language	English
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Snippet	In this study, the influence of various physical process parameters on the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) in supercritical ethanol was...
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SubjectTerms	Applied sciences Biocrude Biomass carbon catalysts Conversion Energy Ethanol Ethyl alcohol Exact sciences and technology feedstocks heat hydrogen Hydrogen donor Lignocellulose Lignocellulosic biomass Liquefaction molecular weight Natural energy nitrogen oxygen Process parameters Supercritical ethanol temperature Wood
Title	Supercritical ethanol as an enhanced medium for lignocellulosic biomass liquefaction: Influence of physical process parameters
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