Is cancer prevention influenced by the built environment? A multidisciplinary scoping review

The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how features of the built environment shape exposure to cancer development and distribution within a population. This scoping review examines how...

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Published inCancer Vol. 125; no. 19; pp. 3299 - 3311
Main Authors Wray, Alexander James David, Minaker, Leia Michelle
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.10.2019
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0008-543X
1097-0142
1097-0142
DOI10.1002/cncr.32376

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Abstract The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how features of the built environment shape exposure to cancer development and distribution within a population. This scoping review examines how researchers across disparate fields understand and discuss the built environment in primary and secondary cancer prevention. It is focused exclusively on peer‐reviewed sources published from research conducted in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States from 1990 to 2017. The review captured 9958 potential results in the academic literature, and this body of results was scoped to 268 relevant peer‐reviewed journal articles indexed across 13 subject databases. Spatial proximity, transportation, land use, and housing are well‐understood features of the built environment that shape cancer risk. Built‐environment features predominantly influence air quality, substance use, diet, physical activity, and screening adherence, with impacts on breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and overall cancer risk. The majority of the evidence fails to provide direct recommendations for advancing cancer prevention policy and program objectives for municipalities. The expansion of interdisciplinary work in this area would serve to create a significant population health impact. The built environment affects many types of cancer by determining access to transportation, housing, spatial proximity to cancer risks and screening, and land use. These factors shape exposure to known determinants of cancer and can elevate population‐level risks.
AbstractList The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how features of the built environment shape exposure to cancer development and distribution within a population. This scoping review examines how researchers across disparate fields understand and discuss the built environment in primary and secondary cancer prevention. It is focused exclusively on peer‐reviewed sources published from research conducted in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States from 1990 to 2017. The review captured 9958 potential results in the academic literature, and this body of results was scoped to 268 relevant peer‐reviewed journal articles indexed across 13 subject databases. Spatial proximity, transportation, land use, and housing are well‐understood features of the built environment that shape cancer risk. Built‐environment features predominantly influence air quality, substance use, diet, physical activity, and screening adherence, with impacts on breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and overall cancer risk. The majority of the evidence fails to provide direct recommendations for advancing cancer prevention policy and program objectives for municipalities. The expansion of interdisciplinary work in this area would serve to create a significant population health impact. The built environment affects many types of cancer by determining access to transportation, housing, spatial proximity to cancer risks and screening, and land use. These factors shape exposure to known determinants of cancer and can elevate population‐level risks.
The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how features of the built environment shape exposure to cancer development and distribution within a population. This scoping review examines how researchers across disparate fields understand and discuss the built environment in primary and secondary cancer prevention. It is focused exclusively on peer-reviewed sources published from research conducted in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States from 1990 to 2017. The review captured 9958 potential results in the academic literature, and this body of results was scoped to 268 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles indexed across 13 subject databases. Spatial proximity, transportation, land use, and housing are well-understood features of the built environment that shape cancer risk. Built-environment features predominantly influence air quality, substance use, diet, physical activity, and screening adherence, with impacts on breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and overall cancer risk. The majority of the evidence fails to provide direct recommendations for advancing cancer prevention policy and program objectives for municipalities. The expansion of interdisciplinary work in this area would serve to create a significant population health impact.
The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how features of the built environment shape exposure to cancer development and distribution within a population. This scoping review examines how researchers across disparate fields understand and discuss the built environment in primary and secondary cancer prevention. It is focused exclusively on peer-reviewed sources published from research conducted in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States from 1990 to 2017. The review captured 9958 potential results in the academic literature, and this body of results was scoped to 268 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles indexed across 13 subject databases. Spatial proximity, transportation, land use, and housing are well-understood features of the built environment that shape cancer risk. Built-environment features predominantly influence air quality, substance use, diet, physical activity, and screening adherence, with impacts on breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and overall cancer risk. The majority of the evidence fails to provide direct recommendations for advancing cancer prevention policy and program objectives for municipalities. The expansion of interdisciplinary work in this area would serve to create a significant population health impact.The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how features of the built environment shape exposure to cancer development and distribution within a population. This scoping review examines how researchers across disparate fields understand and discuss the built environment in primary and secondary cancer prevention. It is focused exclusively on peer-reviewed sources published from research conducted in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States from 1990 to 2017. The review captured 9958 potential results in the academic literature, and this body of results was scoped to 268 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles indexed across 13 subject databases. Spatial proximity, transportation, land use, and housing are well-understood features of the built environment that shape cancer risk. Built-environment features predominantly influence air quality, substance use, diet, physical activity, and screening adherence, with impacts on breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and overall cancer risk. The majority of the evidence fails to provide direct recommendations for advancing cancer prevention policy and program objectives for municipalities. The expansion of interdisciplinary work in this area would serve to create a significant population health impact.
Author Minaker, Leia Michelle
Wray, Alexander James David
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Issue 19
Keywords environment
screening
cities
housing
geography
cancer
neighborhood
public health
policy
transportation
Language English
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Samaan Z (e_1_2_9_37_1) 2013; 6
e_1_2_9_40_1
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e_1_2_9_67_1
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American Society of Planning Officials (e_1_2_9_8_1) 1968
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Snippet The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how...
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SubjectTerms Air quality
Australia - epidemiology
Breast cancer
Built Environment
Canada - epidemiology
Cancer
cities
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Construction
Disease prevention
environment
Environment Design
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Female
geography
Global Burden of Disease
Health risks
housing
Humans
Indexing
Interdisciplinary Communication
Ireland - epidemiology
Land use
Lung cancer
Municipalities
neighborhood
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Neoplasms - etiology
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Oncology
Physical activity
policy
public health
Residence Characteristics
Risk Assessment
screening
Substance use
transportation
United Kingdom - epidemiology
United States - epidemiology
Urban environments
Title Is cancer prevention influenced by the built environment? A multidisciplinary scoping review
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fcncr.32376
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31287585
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