Eosinophil-Associated Lung Diseases. A Cry for Surfactant Proteins A and D Help?

• Published in: American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology Vol. 51; no. 5; pp. 604 - 614
• Main Authors: Ledford, Julie G., Addison, Kenneth J., Foster, Matthew W., Que, Loretta G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Thoracic Society 01.11.2014
• Subjects: Aspergillus; Bacteria; Collagen; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Eosinophils - immunology; Eosinophils - metabolism; Humans; Lung diseases; Lung Diseases - immunology; Lung Diseases - metabolism; Proteins; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A - blood; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A - immunology; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D - blood; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D - immunology; Signal transduction; Surfactants; Translational Review; surfactant protein-D; collectin; eosinophil; surfactant; surfactant protein-A
• ISSN: 1044-1549; 1535-4989; 1535-4989
• DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0095TR

Surfactant proteins (SP)-A and SP-D (SP-A/-D) play important roles in numerous eosinophil-dominated diseases, including asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and allergic rhinitis. In these settings, SP-A/-D have been shown to modulate eosinophil chemotaxis, inhibit eosinophil mediator release, and mediate macrophage clearance of apoptotic eosinophils. Dysregulation of SP-A/-D function in eosinophil-dominated diseases is also not uncommon. Alterations in serum SP-A/-D levels are associated with disease severity in allergic rhinitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Furthermore, oligimerization of SP-A/-D, necessary for their proper function, can be perturbed by reactive nitrogen species, which are increased in eosinophilic disease. In this review, we highlight the associations of eosinophilic lung diseases with SP-A and SP-D levels and functions.