The Korean version of relative and absolute reliability of gait and balance assessment tools for patients with dementia in day care center and nursing home
[Purpose] This study was aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of Korean version tools of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Four-Meter Walking Test (4MWT) and the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) in patients with dementia. [Subjects and Methods] A t...
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| Published in | Journal of Physical Therapy Science Vol. 29; no. 11; pp. 1934 - 1939 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Japan
The Society of Physical Therapy Science
2017
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0915-5287 2187-5626 |
| DOI | 10.1589/jpts.29.1934 |
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| Abstract | [Purpose] This study was aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of Korean version tools of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Four-Meter Walking Test (4MWT) and the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) in patients with dementia. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 53 patients with dementia were tested on TUG, BBS, 4MWT and GMWT with a prospective cohort methodological design. Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) to assess relative reliability and the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC95) and its percentage (MDC%) to analyze the absolute reliability were calculated. [Results] Inter-rater reliability (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.99 and that of 4MWT was 0.82. Inter-rater reliability was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Inter-rater reliability was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.96–0.99 and Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of 4MWT was 0.85. The test-retest was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%, but it was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. [Conclusion] The relative reliability was high for all the assessment tools. The absolute reliability has a reasonable level of stability except the 4MWT. |
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| AbstractList | [Purpose] This study was aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of Korean version tools of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Four-Meter Walking Test (4MWT) and the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) in patients with dementia. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 53 patients with dementia were tested on TUG, BBS, 4MWT and GMWT with a prospective cohort methodological design. Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) to assess relative reliability and the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC
) and its percentage (MDC
) to analyze the absolute reliability were calculated. [Results] Inter-rater reliability (ICC
) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.99 and that of 4MWT was 0.82. Inter-rater reliability was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC
, and MDC
. Inter-rater reliability was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC
, and MDC
. Test-retest (ICC
) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.96-0.99 and Test-retest (ICC
) of 4MWT was 0.85. The test-retest was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC
, and MDC
, but it was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC
, and MDC
. [Conclusion] The relative reliability was high for all the assessment tools. The absolute reliability has a reasonable level of stability except the 4MWT. [Purpose] This study was aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of Korean version tools of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Four-Meter Walking Test (4MWT) and the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) in patients with dementia. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 53 patients with dementia were tested on TUG, BBS, 4MWT and GMWT with a prospective cohort methodological design. Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) to assess relative reliability and the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC 95 ) and its percentage (MDC % ) to analyze the absolute reliability were calculated. [Results] Inter-rater reliability (ICC (2,3) ) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.99 and that of 4MWT was 0.82. Inter-rater reliability was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC 95 , and MDC % . Inter-rater reliability was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC 95 , and MDC % . Test-retest (ICC (2,3) ) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.96–0.99 and Test-retest (ICC (2,3) ) of 4MWT was 0.85. The test-retest was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC 95 , and MDC % , but it was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC 95 , and MDC % . [Conclusion] The relative reliability was high for all the assessment tools. The absolute reliability has a reasonable level of stability except the 4MWT. [Purpose] This study was aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of Korean version tools of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Four-Meter Walking Test (4MWT) and the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) in patients with dementia. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 53 patients with dementia were tested on TUG, BBS, 4MWT and GMWT with a prospective cohort methodological design. Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) to assess relative reliability and the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC95) and its percentage (MDC%) to analyze the absolute reliability were calculated. [Results] Inter-rater reliability (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.99 and that of 4MWT was 0.82. Inter-rater reliability was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Inter-rater reliability was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.96-0.99 and Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of 4MWT was 0.85. The test-retest was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%, but it was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. [Conclusion] The relative reliability was high for all the assessment tools. The absolute reliability has a reasonable level of stability except the 4MWT.[Purpose] This study was aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of Korean version tools of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Four-Meter Walking Test (4MWT) and the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) in patients with dementia. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 53 patients with dementia were tested on TUG, BBS, 4MWT and GMWT with a prospective cohort methodological design. Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) to assess relative reliability and the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC95) and its percentage (MDC%) to analyze the absolute reliability were calculated. [Results] Inter-rater reliability (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.99 and that of 4MWT was 0.82. Inter-rater reliability was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Inter-rater reliability was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.96-0.99 and Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of 4MWT was 0.85. The test-retest was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%, but it was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. [Conclusion] The relative reliability was high for all the assessment tools. The absolute reliability has a reasonable level of stability except the 4MWT. [Purpose] This study was aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of Korean version tools of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Four-Meter Walking Test (4MWT) and the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) in patients with dementia. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 53 patients with dementia were tested on TUG, BBS, 4MWT and GMWT with a prospective cohort methodological design. Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) to assess relative reliability and the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC95) and its percentage (MDC%) to analyze the absolute reliability were calculated. [Results] Inter-rater reliability (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.99 and that of 4MWT was 0.82. Inter-rater reliability was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Inter-rater reliability was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of TUG, BBS and GMWT was 0.96–0.99 and Test-retest (ICC(2,3)) of 4MWT was 0.85. The test-retest was high for TUG, BBS and GMWT, with low SEM, MDC95, and MDC%, but it was low for 4MWT, with high SEM, MDC95, and MDC%. [Conclusion] The relative reliability was high for all the assessment tools. The absolute reliability has a reasonable level of stability except the 4MWT. |
| Author | Lee, Han Suk Park, Sun Wook Chung, Hyung Kuk |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Chung, Hyung Kuk organization: Ansan University, Republic of Korea – sequence: 1 fullname: Lee, Han Suk organization: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Eulji University, Republic of Korea – sequence: 1 fullname: Park, Sun Wook organization: Department of Physical Therapy, Samsung Medical Center: 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29200628$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1080_21679169_2020_1788638 crossref_primary_10_1093_ptj_pzab263 crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci14111151 crossref_primary_10_1186_s11556_019_0228_z crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph18157876 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000014958 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_arrct_2023_100291 |
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| Keywords | Reliability Gait and balance Dementia |
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| References | 19) Blankevoort CG, van Heuvelen MJ, Scherder EJ: Reliability of six physical performance tests in older people with dementia. Phys Ther, 2013, 93: 69–78. 31) Lexell JE, Downham DY: How to assess the reliability of measurements in rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 2005, 84: 719–723. 4) Muir-Hunter SW, Graham L, Montero Odasso M: Reliability of the Berg Balance Scale as a clinical measure of balance in community-dwelling older adults with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: a pilot study. Physiother Can, 2015, 67: 255–262. 20) Suttanon P, Hill KD, Dodd KJ, et al.: Retest reliability of balance and mobility measurements in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Int Psychogeriatr, 2011, 23: 1152–1159. 7) Ahlskog JE, Geda YE, Graff-Radford NR, et al.: Physical exercise as a preventive or disease-modifying treatment of dementia and brain aging. Paper presented at: Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2011. 15) Allan LM, Ballard CG, Burn DJ, et al.: Prevalence and severity of gait disorders in Alzheimer’s and non-Alzheimer’s dementias. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2005, 53: 1681–1687. 17) Atkinson G, Nevill AM: Statistical methods for assessing measurement error (reliability) in variables relevant to sports medicine. Sports Med, 1998, 26: 217–238. 23) Bossers WJ, van der Woude LH, Boersma F, et al.: The Groningen Meander Walking Test: a dynamic walking test for older adults with dementia. Phys Ther, 2014, 94: 262–272. 28) Vogelpohl TS, Beck CK, Heacock P, et al.: “I can do it!” Dressing: promoting independence through individualized strategies. J Gerontol Nurs, 1996, 22: 39–42, quiz 48. 29) Hesseberg K, Bentzen H, Bergland A: Reliability of the senior fitness test in community-dwelling older people with cognitive impairment. Physiother Res Int, 2015, 20: 37–44. 12) van Doorn C, Gruber-Baldini AL, Zimmerman S, et al. Epidemiology of Dementia in Nursing Homes Research Group: Dementia as a risk factor for falls and fall injuries among nursing home residents. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2003, 51: 1213–1218. 14) Mazoteras Muñoz V, Abellan van Kan G, Cantet C, et al.: Gait and balance impairments in Alzheimer disease patients. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 2010, 24: 79–84. 5) Heyn P, Abreu BC, Ottenbacher KJ: The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004, 85: 1694–1704. 21) Fox B, Henwood T, Neville C, et al.: Relative and absolute reliability of functional performance measures for adults with dementia living in residential aged care. Int Psychogeriatr, 2014, 26: 1659–1667. 32) Haley SM, Fragala-Pinkham MA: Interpreting change scores of tests and measures used in physical therapy. Phys Ther, 2006, 86: 735–743. 8) Hauer K, Schwenk M, Zieschang T, et al.: Physical training improves motor performance in people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012, 60: 8–15. 10) Kido T, Tabara Y, Igase M, et al.: Postural instability is associated with brain atrophy and cognitive impairment in the elderly: the J-SHIPP study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 2010, 29: 379–387. 16) Orange JB, Molloy DW, Lever JA, et al.: Alzheimer’s disease. Physician-patient communication. Can Fam Physician, 1994, 40: 1160–1168. 24) Ries JD, Echternach JL, Nof L, et al.: Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for the timed “up & go” test, the six-minute walk test, and gait speed in people with Alzheimer disease. Phys Ther, 2009, 89: 569–579. 30) Hopkins WG: Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med, 2000, 30: 1–15. 25) van Iersel MB, Benraad CE, Rikkert MG: Validity and reliability of quantitative gait analysis in geriatric patients with and without dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2007, 55: 632–634. 22) Telenius EW, Engedal K, Bergland A: Inter-rater reliability of the Berg Balance Scale, 30 s chair stand test and 6 m walking test, and construct validity of the Berg Balance Scale in nursing home residents with mild-to-moderate dementia. BMJ Open, 2015, 5: e008321. 1) Mura T, Dartigues JF, Berr C: How many dementia cases in France and Europe? Alternative projections and scenarios 2010–2050. Eur J Neurol, 2010, 17: 252–259. 6) Littbrand H, Lundin-Olsson L, Gustafson Y, et al.: The effect of a high-intensity functional exercise program on activities of daily living: a randomized controlled trial in residential care facilities. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2009, 57: 1741–1749. 33) Wittwer JE, Webster KE, Andrews PT, et al.: Test-retest reliability of spatial and temporal gait parameters of people with Alzheimer’s disease. Gait Posture, 2008, 28: 392–396. 13) Feldman HH, Van Baelen B, Kavanagh SM, et al.: Cognition, function, and caregiving time patterns in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease: a 12-month analysis. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 2005, 19: 29–36. 18) Bruton A, Conway JH, Holgate ST, et al.: Reliability: what is it, and how is it measured? Physiotherapy, 2000, 86: 94–99. 27) Park CS: The inter∙intra-rater reliability and longitudinal construct validity of short form of the dynamic gait index in patients with subacute stroke. J Spec Educ Rehabil Sci, 2015, 54: 45–58. 26) Ann SH, Kim WG, Lee BK, et al.: The predictive validity of the TUG, BBS, FRT, OLST of falls risk in elderly patient. J Spec Educ Rehabil Sci, 2013, 52: 239–253. 3) Lee H, Hwang K: The effects of CogPack program on LOTCA and ADL in elderly with Alzheimer’s dementia. J The Korean Soc Integr Med, 2014, 2: 1–7. 2) Prince M, Bryce R, Albanese E, et al.: The global prevalence of dementia: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Alzheimers Dement, 2013, 9: 63–75.e2. 11) Leandri M, Cammisuli S, Cammarata S, et al.: Balance features in Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. J Alzheimers Dis, 2009, 16: 113–120. 9) Rydwik E, Frändin K, Akner G: Effects of physical training on physical performance in institutionalised elderly patients (70+) with multiple diagnoses. Age Ageing, 2004, 33: 13–23. 23 24 25 (22) 2015; 5 26 27 28 29 30 31 10 32 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 21 |
| References_xml | – reference: 28) Vogelpohl TS, Beck CK, Heacock P, et al.: “I can do it!” Dressing: promoting independence through individualized strategies. J Gerontol Nurs, 1996, 22: 39–42, quiz 48. – reference: 11) Leandri M, Cammisuli S, Cammarata S, et al.: Balance features in Alzheimer’s disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. J Alzheimers Dis, 2009, 16: 113–120. – reference: 25) van Iersel MB, Benraad CE, Rikkert MG: Validity and reliability of quantitative gait analysis in geriatric patients with and without dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2007, 55: 632–634. – reference: 3) Lee H, Hwang K: The effects of CogPack program on LOTCA and ADL in elderly with Alzheimer’s dementia. J The Korean Soc Integr Med, 2014, 2: 1–7. – reference: 20) Suttanon P, Hill KD, Dodd KJ, et al.: Retest reliability of balance and mobility measurements in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Int Psychogeriatr, 2011, 23: 1152–1159. – reference: 27) Park CS: The inter∙intra-rater reliability and longitudinal construct validity of short form of the dynamic gait index in patients with subacute stroke. J Spec Educ Rehabil Sci, 2015, 54: 45–58. – reference: 16) Orange JB, Molloy DW, Lever JA, et al.: Alzheimer’s disease. Physician-patient communication. Can Fam Physician, 1994, 40: 1160–1168. – reference: 8) Hauer K, Schwenk M, Zieschang T, et al.: Physical training improves motor performance in people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012, 60: 8–15. – reference: 19) Blankevoort CG, van Heuvelen MJ, Scherder EJ: Reliability of six physical performance tests in older people with dementia. Phys Ther, 2013, 93: 69–78. – reference: 1) Mura T, Dartigues JF, Berr C: How many dementia cases in France and Europe? Alternative projections and scenarios 2010–2050. Eur J Neurol, 2010, 17: 252–259. – reference: 24) Ries JD, Echternach JL, Nof L, et al.: Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for the timed “up & go” test, the six-minute walk test, and gait speed in people with Alzheimer disease. Phys Ther, 2009, 89: 569–579. – reference: 31) Lexell JE, Downham DY: How to assess the reliability of measurements in rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 2005, 84: 719–723. – reference: 13) Feldman HH, Van Baelen B, Kavanagh SM, et al.: Cognition, function, and caregiving time patterns in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease: a 12-month analysis. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 2005, 19: 29–36. – reference: 6) Littbrand H, Lundin-Olsson L, Gustafson Y, et al.: The effect of a high-intensity functional exercise program on activities of daily living: a randomized controlled trial in residential care facilities. 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| SubjectTerms | Dementia Gait and balance Original Reliability |
| Title | The Korean version of relative and absolute reliability of gait and balance assessment tools for patients with dementia in day care center and nursing home |
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