Effects of Supplemental Lighting within the Canopy at Different Developing Stages on Tomato Yield and Quality of Single-Truss Tomato Plants Grown at High Density
The single truss tomato production system (STTPS) was used to grow tomato plants at a density of 14.3 plants·m−2 for increasing the tomato yield in Japan. We applied supplemental lighting within the canopy at different tomato development stages to identify the most sensitive stage at which supplemen...
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| Published in | Environment control in biology Vol. 50; no. 1; pp. 1 - 11 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Japanese Society of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Engineers and Scientists
2012
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1880-554X 1883-0986 |
| DOI | 10.2525/ecb.50.1 |
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| Abstract | The single truss tomato production system (STTPS) was used to grow tomato plants at a density of 14.3 plants·m−2 for increasing the tomato yield in Japan. We applied supplemental lighting within the canopy at different tomato development stages to identify the most sensitive stage at which supplemental lighting will most effectively increase yield and quality of tomato fruits. Fluorescent lamps were used to supply intra-canopy lighting to tomato plants (5:00–21:00) during the stages of anthesis (stage 1), rapid fruit development (stage 2), fruit ripening (stage 3), and from initial anthesis to red-ripe fruit (whole stage), respectively. Supplemental lighting applied to tomato plants during stage 2 and whole stage significantly increased the yield and sugar content of tomato fruits. Moreover, the contribution of supplemental lighting to the daily increase of tomato yield was highest at stage 2. The increase of fruit fresh weight and amount of supplemental lighting showed positive linear relationship. Supplemental lighting did not affect the ascorbic acid content of tomato fruits, fruit number per plant, and plant shoot weight among all the treatments. Thus, based on economic advantage, the use of supplemental lighting during the rapid fruit development stage of tomato plants under STTPS was most efficient. |
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| AbstractList | The single truss tomato production system (STTPS) was used to grow tomato plants at a density of 14.3 plants·m−2 for increasing the tomato yield in Japan. We applied supplemental lighting within the canopy at different tomato development stages to identify the most sensitive stage at which supplemental lighting will most effectively increase yield and quality of tomato fruits. Fluorescent lamps were used to supply intra-canopy lighting to tomato plants (5:00–21:00) during the stages of anthesis (stage 1), rapid fruit development (stage 2), fruit ripening (stage 3), and from initial anthesis to red-ripe fruit (whole stage), respectively. Supplemental lighting applied to tomato plants during stage 2 and whole stage significantly increased the yield and sugar content of tomato fruits. Moreover, the contribution of supplemental lighting to the daily increase of tomato yield was highest at stage 2. The increase of fruit fresh weight and amount of supplemental lighting showed positive linear relationship. Supplemental lighting did not affect the ascorbic acid content of tomato fruits, fruit number per plant, and plant shoot weight among all the treatments. Thus, based on economic advantage, the use of supplemental lighting during the rapid fruit development stage of tomato plants under STTPS was most efficient. The single truss tomato production system (STTPS) was used to grow tomato plants at a density of 14.3 plants m-2 for increasing the tomato yield in Japan. We applied supplemental lighting within the canopy at different tomato development stages to identify the most sensitive stage at which supplemental lighting will most effectively increase yield and quality of tomato fruits. Fluorescent lamps were used to supply intra-canopy lighting to tomato plants (5:00-21:00) during the stages of anthesis (stage 1), rapid fruit development (stage 2), fruit ripening (stage 3), and from initial anthesis to red-ripe fruit (whole stage), respectively. Supplemental lighting applied to tomato plants during stage 2 and whole stage significantly increased the yield and sugar content of tomato fruits. Moreover, the contribution of supplemental lighting to the daily increase of tomato yield was highest at stage 2. The increase of fruit fresh weight and amount of supplemental lighting showed positive linear relationship. Supplemental lighting did not affect the ascorbic acid content of tomato fruits, fruit number per plant, and plant shoot weight among all the treatments. Thus, based on economic advantage, the use of supplemental lighting during the rapid fruit development stage of tomato plants under STTPS was most efficient. |
| Author | MARUO, Toru ITO, Yoshikazu LU, Na JOHKAN, Masahumi ICHIMURA, Takuya SHINOHARA, Yutaka TSUKAGOSHI, Satoru HOHJO, Masaaki |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: ITO, Yoshikazu organization: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University – sequence: 1 fullname: HOHJO, Masaaki organization: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University – sequence: 1 fullname: LU, Na organization: Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University – sequence: 1 fullname: MARUO, Toru organization: Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University – sequence: 1 fullname: SHINOHARA, Yutaka organization: Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University – sequence: 1 fullname: JOHKAN, Masahumi organization: Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University – sequence: 1 fullname: TSUKAGOSHI, Satoru organization: Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University – sequence: 1 fullname: ICHIMURA, Takuya organization: Development Group of Industrial Film Development Center, Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc., Nagoya |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1093/jxb/29.4.815 10.2503/jjshs.64.291 10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.711.39 10.1007/s100870050017 10.21273/HORTTECH.1.1.110 10.17660/ActaHortic.1999.481.54 10.1080/00221589.1992.11516215 10.1016/S0304-4238(98)00097-1 10.2503/jjshs.46.487 10.21273/JASHS.114.5.746 10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.711.6 10.1016/j.scienta.2010.12.008 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1951.tb14849.x 10.2503/jjshs.69.69 10.21273/JASHS.134.4.460 10.1016/0304-4238(87)90066-5 10.1016/j.scienta.2004.04.003 10.1016/j.scienta.2007.11.010 10.1093/jxb/erj136 10.1080/14620316.1989.11515961 10.17660/ActaHortic.1994.361.6 10.2503/jjshs.60.319 10.1016/S0309-1708(02)00094-5 10.1016/0304-4238(88)90109-4 10.13031/2013.29200 |
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Photoassimilate distribution in plants and crops: Source-sink relationships. In “Tomato” (ed. by Zamski, E., Schaffer, A. A.), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, p 709–728. Hovi, T., Näkkilä, J., Tahvonen, R. 2004. Interlighting improves production of year-round cucumber. Sci. Hortic. 102: 283–294. McAvoy, R. J., Janes, H. W., Giacomelli, G. A., Giniger, M. S. 1989a. Validation of a computer model for a single truss tomato cropping system. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114: 746–750. Giacomelli, G. A., Ting, K. C., Mears, D. R. 1994. Design of a single truss tomato production system (STTPS). Acta Hort. 361: 77–84. Kobayashi, S., Shimaji, H., Ikeda, H. 1998. A study on single-truss tomato production by hydroponics. II. Relationship between environmental parameters and plant growth. (in Japanese with English summary) J. Soc. Agr. Structures, Japan 28: 203–208. Demers, D. A., Gosselin, A. 2002. Growing greenhouse tomato and sweet pepper under supplemental lighting: Optimal photoperiod, negative effects of long photoperiod and their causes. Acta Hort. 580: 83–88. Cockshull, K. E., Graves, C. J., Cave, C. R. J. 1992. The influence of shading on yield of glasshouse tomatoes. J. Hortic. Sci. 67: 11–24. Grimstad, S. O. 1987. Supplementary lighting of early tomatoes after planting out in glass and acrylic greenhouses. Sci. Hortic. 33: 189–196. Gautier, H., Massot, C., Stevens, R., Sérino, S., Génard, M. 2009. Regulation of tomato fruit ascorbate content is more highly dependent on fruit irradiance than leaf irradiance. Ann. Bot. 103: 495–504. Matsuda, R., Nakano, A., Ahn, D.-H. Suzuki, K., Yasuba, K.-I., Takaichi, M. 2011a. Growth characteristic and sink strength of fruit at different CO2 concentrations in a Japanese and a Dutch tomato cultivar. Sci. Hortic. 127: 528–534. Kobayashi, S. 1999. A study on single-truss tomato production by hydroponics. III. Effects of plant density and number of leaf above the truss on plant growth and fruit yield. (in Japanese with English summary) J. Soc. Agr. Structures, Japan 30: 53–60. Hisaeda, K., Takayama, K., Nishina, H., Azuma, K., Arima, S. 2007. Studies on improvement of tomato productivity in large-scale greenhouse: Analysis of vertical distribution of light intensity and net CO2 fixation in tomato plant canopy. (in Japanese with English abstract) J. SHITA 19: 19–26. Hovi-Pekkanen, T., Tahvonen, R. 2008. Effects of interlighting on yield and external fruit quality in year-round cultivated cucumber. Sci. Hortic. 116: 152–161. Acock, B., Charles-Edwards, D. A., Fitter, D. J., Hand, D. W., Ludwig, L. J., Warren Wilson, J., Withers, A. C. 1978. The contribution of leaves from different levels within a tomato crop to canopy net photosynthesis: An experimental examination of two canopy models. J. Exp. Bot. 29: 815–827. Heuvelink, E., Dorais, M. 2005. Crop growth and yield. In “Tomatoes” (ed. by Heuvelink, E.), Crop production science in horticulture series 13. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, p 85–144. Li, T.-L., Seino, T., Ohkawa, W., Kanahama, K. 2000. Relation between the vascular system and photosynthate translocation pathways in tomato plants. (in Japanese with English summary) J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 69: 69–75. Janes, H. W., McAvoy, R. J. 1991. Environmental control of a single-cluster greenhouse tomato crop. Hort. Technol. 1: 110–114. Hisatomi, T., Fujimoto, K. 1978. Studies on the single truss tomato culture I. Growth and yield for sowing at different dates over the year. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 46: 487–494. McAvoy, R. J. 1984. Evaluation of a single flower cluster, high plant density greenhouse tomato crop system using high pressure sodium lights. Paper No. NAR84-405, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI 49085–9659, USA. McAvoy, R. J., Janes, H. W., Godfriaux, B. L., Secks, M., Duchai, D., Wittman, W. K. 1989b. The effect of total available photosynthetic photon flux on single truss tomato growth and production. J. Hortic. Sci. 64: 331–338. Kobayashi, S. 1997. A study on single-truss tomato production by hydroponics. I. Plant growth and fruit yield by different sowing dates over the year. J. Soc. Agr. Structures, Japan 27: 199–206. Trouwborst, G., Oosterkamp, J., Hogewoning, S. W., Harbinson, J., Ieperen, W. V. 2010. The responses of light interception, photosynthesis and fruit yield of cucumber to LED-lighting within the canopy. Physiologia Plantarum 138: 289–300. McAvoy, R. J., Janes, H. W., Giacomelli, G. A. 1989c. Development of a plant factory model: I. The organizational and operational model, II. A plant growth model: The single truss tomato crop. Acta Hort. 248: 85–94. Ménard, C., Dorais, M., Hovi, T., Gosselin, A. 2006. Developmental and physiological responses of tomato and cucumber to additional blue light. Acta Hort. 711: 291–296. Matsuda, R., Suzuki, K., Nakano, A., Higashide, T., Takaichi, M. 2011b. Responses of leaf photosynthesis and plant growth to altered source-sink balance in a Japanese and a Dutch tomato cultivar. Sci. Hortic. 127: 520–527. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 10 32 11 33 12 34 13 35 14 36 15 37 16 38 17 39 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 21 |
| References_xml | – reference: Grimstad, S. O. 1987. Supplementary lighting of early tomatoes after planting out in glass and acrylic greenhouses. Sci. Hortic. 33: 189–196. – reference: Gunnlaugsson, B., Adalsteinsson, S. 2006. Interlight and plant density in year-round production of tomato at northern latitudes. Acta Hort. 711: 71–75. – reference: Torres, C. A., Andrews, P. K., Davies, N. M. 2006. Physiological and biochemical responses of fruit exocarp of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutants to natural photo-oxidative conditions. J. Exp. Bot. 57: 1933–1947. – reference: Somers, G. F., Kelly, W. C., Hamner, K. C. 1951. Influence of nitrate supply upon the ascorbic content of tomatoes. Am. J. Bot. 38: 472–475. – reference: McAvoy, R. J., Janes, H. W., Giacomelli, G. A. 1989c. Development of a plant factory model: I. The organizational and operational model, II. A plant growth model: The single truss tomato crop. Acta Hort. 248: 85–94. – reference: Trouwborst, G., Oosterkamp, J., Hogewoning, S. W., Harbinson, J., Ieperen, W. V. 2010. The responses of light interception, photosynthesis and fruit yield of cucumber to LED-lighting within the canopy. Physiologia Plantarum 138: 289–300. – reference: Demers, D. A., Gosselin, A. 1999. Supplemental lighting of greenhouse vegetables: Limitations and problems related to long photoperiods. Acta Hort. 481: 469–473. – reference: Hisatomi, T., Fujimoto, K. 1978. Studies on the single truss tomato culture I. Growth and yield for sowing at different dates over the year. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 46: 487–494. – reference: Hisaeda, K., Takayama, K., Nishina, H., Azuma, K., Arima, S. 2007. Studies on improvement of tomato productivity in large-scale greenhouse: Analysis of vertical distribution of light intensity and net CO2 fixation in tomato plant canopy. (in Japanese with English abstract) J. SHITA 19: 19–26. – reference: Hovi, T., Näkkilä, J., Tahvonen, R. 2004. Interlighting improves production of year-round cucumber. Sci. Hortic. 102: 283–294. – reference: Ménard, C., Dorais, M., Hovi, T., Gosselin, A. 2006. Developmental and physiological responses of tomato and cucumber to additional blue light. Acta Hort. 711: 291–296. – reference: Kobayashi, S. 1997. A study on single-truss tomato production by hydroponics. I. Plant growth and fruit yield by different sowing dates over the year. J. Soc. Agr. Structures, Japan 27: 199–206. – reference: Porporato, A., D'Odorico, P., Laio, F., Rodriguez-Iturbea, I. 2003. Hydrologic controls on soil carbon and nitrogen cycles. I. Modeling scheme. Advances in Water Resources 26: 45–58. – reference: Fitz-Rodríguez, E., Giacomelli, G. A. 2009. Yield prediction and growth mode characterization of greenhouse tomatoes with neural networks and fuzzy logic. Trans. ASABE 52: 2115–2128. – reference: Ting, K. C., Giacomelli, G. A., Fang, W. 1993. Decision support system for single truss tomato production. XXV CIOSTA — CIGR V Congress, Wageningen, The Netherlands. – reference: Gautier, H., Diakou-Verdin, V., Bénard, C., Reich, M., Buret, M., Bourgaud, F., Poëssel, J., Caris-Veyrat, C., Génard, M. 2008. How does tomato quality (sugar, acid, and nutritional quality) vary with ripening stage, temperature, and irradiance. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56: 1241–1250. – reference: Gautier, H., Massot, C., Stevens, R., Sérino, S., Génard, M. 2009. Regulation of tomato fruit ascorbate content is more highly dependent on fruit irradiance than leaf irradiance. Ann. Bot. 103: 495–504. – reference: Hovi-Pekkanen, T., Tahvonen, R. 2008. Effects of interlighting on yield and external fruit quality in year-round cultivated cucumber. Sci. Hortic. 116: 152–161. – reference: Janes, H. W., McAvoy, R. J. 1991. Environmental control of a single-cluster greenhouse tomato crop. Hort. Technol. 1: 110–114. – reference: Acock, B., Charles-Edwards, D. A., Fitter, D. J., Hand, D. W., Ludwig, L. J., Warren Wilson, J., Withers, A. C. 1978. The contribution of leaves from different levels within a tomato crop to canopy net photosynthesis: An experimental examination of two canopy models. J. Exp. Bot. 29: 815–827. – reference: Cockshull, K. E., Graves, C. J., Cave, C. R. J. 1992. The influence of shading on yield of glasshouse tomatoes. J. Hortic. Sci. 67: 11–24. – reference: Giacomelli, G. A., Ting, K. C., Mears, D. R. 1994. Design of a single truss tomato production system (STTPS). Acta Hort. 361: 77–84. – reference: Heuvelink, E., Dorais, M. 2005. Crop growth and yield. In “Tomatoes” (ed. by Heuvelink, E.), Crop production science in horticulture series 13. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, p 85–144. – reference: Demers, D. A., Gosselin, A. 2002. Growing greenhouse tomato and sweet pepper under supplemental lighting: Optimal photoperiod, negative effects of long photoperiod and their causes. 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| Snippet | The single truss tomato production system (STTPS) was used to grow tomato plants at a density of 14.3 plants·m−2 for increasing the tomato yield in Japan. We... The single truss tomato production system (STTPS) was used to grow tomato plants at a density of 14.3 plants m-2 for increasing the tomato yield in Japan. We... |
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| SubjectTerms | canopy light insufficiency Lycopersicon esculentum STTPS supplemental lighting efficiency tomato |
| Title | Effects of Supplemental Lighting within the Canopy at Different Developing Stages on Tomato Yield and Quality of Single-Truss Tomato Plants Grown at High Density |
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