Ranking and prioritization of environmental risks of pharmaceuticals in surface waters
Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by the public. Currently there are ecotoxicological data available for <1%, thus, the European Union Commission’s Scientific committee on Toxi...
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| Published in | Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology Vol. 39; no. 2; pp. 158 - 183 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier Inc
01.04.2004
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0273-2300 1096-0295 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.12.006 |
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| Abstract | Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by the public. Currently there are ecotoxicological data available for <1%, thus, the European Union Commission’s Scientific committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity, and Environment (CSTEE) recommended use of (Q)SAR models and precaution to prioritize further risk assessment of ∼4500 compounds and their adjuvants. We ranked 2986 different pharmaceutical compounds in 51 classes relative to hazard toward algae, daphnids, and fish using the EPIWIN program. This ranking cannot be used to acquit a compound based on predicted relative ranking. Modifying additives were the most toxic classes. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, antiviral, anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and antipsychotics, corticosteroid, and thyroid pharmaceuticals were the predicted most hazardous therapeutic classes. The overall relative order of susceptibility was estimated to be daphnids
>
fish
>
algae. Expert judgment is needed to assess specific hazards for classes like microbial resistance and antibiotics, sex hormones, and endocrine disruptors. As human health and the function of ecological systems are interconnected and subject to the precautionary principle, harmonization of evidence for correlation and causality of adverse effects seems sensible in an ethical and cost-effective context to facilitate substitution of hazardous compounds. Data available:
http://www.uoguelph.ca/~hsander/. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by the public. Currently there are ecotoxicological data available for <1%, thus, the European Union Commission's Scientific committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity, and Environment (CSTEE) recommended use of (Q)SAR models and precaution to prioritize further risk assessment of approximately 4500 compounds and their adjuvants. We ranked 2986 different pharmaceutical compounds in 51 classes relative to hazard toward algae, daphnids, and fish using the EPIWIN program. This ranking cannot be used to acquit a compound based on predicted relative ranking. Modifying additives were the most toxic classes. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, antiviral, anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and antipsychotics, corticosteroid, and thyroid pharmaceuticals were the predicted most hazardous therapeutic classes. The overall relative order of susceptibility was estimated to be daphnids > fish > algae. Expert judgment is needed to assess specific hazards for classes like microbial resistance and antibiotics, sex hormones, and endocrine disruptors. As human health and the function of ecological systems are interconnected and subject to the precautionary principle, harmonization of evidence for correlation and causality of adverse effects seems sensible in an ethical and cost-effective context to facilitate substitution of hazardous compounds. Data available: http://www.uoguelph.ca/~hsander/.Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by the public. Currently there are ecotoxicological data available for <1%, thus, the European Union Commission's Scientific committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity, and Environment (CSTEE) recommended use of (Q)SAR models and precaution to prioritize further risk assessment of approximately 4500 compounds and their adjuvants. We ranked 2986 different pharmaceutical compounds in 51 classes relative to hazard toward algae, daphnids, and fish using the EPIWIN program. This ranking cannot be used to acquit a compound based on predicted relative ranking. Modifying additives were the most toxic classes. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, antiviral, anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and antipsychotics, corticosteroid, and thyroid pharmaceuticals were the predicted most hazardous therapeutic classes. The overall relative order of susceptibility was estimated to be daphnids > fish > algae. Expert judgment is needed to assess specific hazards for classes like microbial resistance and antibiotics, sex hormones, and endocrine disruptors. As human health and the function of ecological systems are interconnected and subject to the precautionary principle, harmonization of evidence for correlation and causality of adverse effects seems sensible in an ethical and cost-effective context to facilitate substitution of hazardous compounds. Data available: http://www.uoguelph.ca/~hsander/. Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by the public. Currently there are ecotoxicological data available for 1%, thus, the European Union Commission's Scientific committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity, and Environment (CSTEE) recommended use of (Q)SAR models and precaution to prioritize further risk assessment of similar to 4500 compounds and their adjuvants. We ranked 2986 different pharmaceutical compounds in 51 classes relative to hazard toward algae, daphnids, and fish using the EPIWIN program. This ranking cannot be used to acquit a compound based on predicted relative ranking. Modifying additives were the most toxic classes. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, antiviral, anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and antipsychotics, corticosteroid, and thyroid pharmaceuticals were the predicted most hazardous therapeutic classes. The overall relative order of susceptibility was estimated to be daphnids>fish>algae. Expert judgment is needed to assess specific hazards for classes like microbial resistance and antibiotics, sex hormones, and endocrine disruptors. As human health and the function of ecological systems are interconnected and subject to the precautionary principle, harmonization of evidence for correlation and causality of adverse effects seems sensible in an ethical and cost-effective context to facilitate substitution of hazardous compounds. Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by the public. Currently there are ecotoxicological data available for <1%, thus, the European Union Commission's Scientific committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity, and Environment (CSTEE) recommended use of (Q)SAR models and precaution to prioritize further risk assessment of approximately 4500 compounds and their adjuvants. We ranked 2986 different pharmaceutical compounds in 51 classes relative to hazard toward algae, daphnids, and fish using the EPIWIN program. This ranking cannot be used to acquit a compound based on predicted relative ranking. Modifying additives were the most toxic classes. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, antiviral, anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and antipsychotics, corticosteroid, and thyroid pharmaceuticals were the predicted most hazardous therapeutic classes. The overall relative order of susceptibility was estimated to be daphnids > fish > algae. Expert judgment is needed to assess specific hazards for classes like microbial resistance and antibiotics, sex hormones, and endocrine disruptors. As human health and the function of ecological systems are interconnected and subject to the precautionary principle, harmonization of evidence for correlation and causality of adverse effects seems sensible in an ethical and cost-effective context to facilitate substitution of hazardous compounds. Data available: http://www.uoguelph.ca/~hsander/. Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by the public. Currently there are ecotoxicological data available for <1%, thus, the European Union Commission’s Scientific committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity, and Environment (CSTEE) recommended use of (Q)SAR models and precaution to prioritize further risk assessment of ∼4500 compounds and their adjuvants. We ranked 2986 different pharmaceutical compounds in 51 classes relative to hazard toward algae, daphnids, and fish using the EPIWIN program. This ranking cannot be used to acquit a compound based on predicted relative ranking. Modifying additives were the most toxic classes. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, antiviral, anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and antipsychotics, corticosteroid, and thyroid pharmaceuticals were the predicted most hazardous therapeutic classes. The overall relative order of susceptibility was estimated to be daphnids > fish > algae. Expert judgment is needed to assess specific hazards for classes like microbial resistance and antibiotics, sex hormones, and endocrine disruptors. As human health and the function of ecological systems are interconnected and subject to the precautionary principle, harmonization of evidence for correlation and causality of adverse effects seems sensible in an ethical and cost-effective context to facilitate substitution of hazardous compounds. Data available: http://www.uoguelph.ca/~hsander/. |
| Author | Solomon, Keith R Brain, Richard A Johnson, David J Reitsma, Tamara Sanderson, Hans Wilson, Christian J |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hans surname: Sanderson fullname: Sanderson, Hans email: hsander@uoguelph.ca – sequence: 2 givenname: David J surname: Johnson fullname: Johnson, David J – sequence: 3 givenname: Tamara surname: Reitsma fullname: Reitsma, Tamara – sequence: 4 givenname: Richard A surname: Brain fullname: Brain, Richard A – sequence: 5 givenname: Christian J surname: Wilson fullname: Wilson, Christian J – sequence: 6 givenname: Keith R surname: Solomon fullname: Solomon, Keith R |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15041147$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Pharmaceuticals have been reported in surface waters, prompting legitimate public concern, as pharmaceuticals are biologically active compounds used daily by... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
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| SubjectTerms | Analgesics anti-inflammatory drugs and antipyretics Animals Anthelmintics Antibacterials Antidiabetics Antidressants Antiepileptics Antifungals Antigout Antihistamines Antimalarials Antimigraine Antimuscarinics Antineoplastcs and immunosuppressants Antiprotozoals Antivirals Anxiolytic sedatives hyponotics antipsychotics Blood products plasma expanders and haemostatics Bone modulators Bronchodilators anti-asthma Cardiovascular Chelators antidotes antagonists Colours Contrast media Corticosteroids Cough suppressants expectorants mucolystics nasal Daphnia - drug effects Dermatological Disfectants preservatives Dopaminergics Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Electrolytes Eukaryota - drug effects European Union Fishes Fresh Water - chemistry Gases Gastrointestinal General anesthetics Hazardous Substances - classification Hazardous Substances - toxicity Hazardous Waste - adverse effects Hypothalamic pituiary hormones Industrial Waste - adverse effects Local anesthetics Muscle relaxants Neuromuscular blockers Nonionic surfactants Nutrional agents vitamins Organic solvents Paraffins similar bases Parasympathomimetics Pesticides repellents Pharmaceutical Preparations - classification Prostaglandins Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Radiopharmaceuticals Risk Assessment Sewage - adverse effects Sewage - analysis Sex hormones Soaps anionic surfactants Stabilizing suspending agents Stimulants anorectics Sunscreens Thyroid antithyroid Toxicity Tests Vaccines immunoglobulins antisera Water Pollutants, Chemical - classification Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity Water Supply - analysis Water Supply - standards |
| Title | Ranking and prioritization of environmental risks of pharmaceuticals in surface waters |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.12.006 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15041147 https://www.proquest.com/docview/20159870 https://www.proquest.com/docview/71764814 |
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