Acellular vascular tissues: natural biomaterials for tissue repair and tissue engineering

Various research groups around the world are actively investigating cardiovascular prostheses of biological origin. This review article discusses the need for such bioprosthetics and the potential role for natural tissues in cardiovascular applications such as cardiac valves and vascular grafts. Upo...

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Published inBiomaterials Vol. 21; no. 22; pp. 2215 - 2231
Main Authors Schmidt, Christine E., Baier, Jennie M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2000
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00148-4

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Abstract Various research groups around the world are actively investigating cardiovascular prostheses of biological origin. This review article discusses the need for such bioprosthetics and the potential role for natural tissues in cardiovascular applications such as cardiac valves and vascular grafts. Upon implantation, unmodified natural materials are subject to chemical and enzymatic degradation, seriously decreasing the life of the prosthesis. Therefore, methods such as glutaraldehyde and polyepoxide crosslinking treatments and dye-mediated photooxidation have been developed to stabilize the tissue while attempting to maintain its natural mechanical properties. Also, residual cellular components in a bioprosthetic material have been associated with undesired effects, such as calcification and immunological recognition, and thus have been the motivation for various decellularization processes. The effects of these stabilization and decellularization treatments on mechanical, biological and chemical properties of treated tissues have been investigated, specifically with regard to calcification, immunogenicity, and cytotoxicity concerns. Despite significant advances in the area of cardiovascular prostheses, there has yet to be developed a completely biocompatible, long-lasting implant. However, with the recent advent of tissue engineering, the possibility of applying selective cell seeding to naturally derived bioprosthetics moves us closer to a living tissue replacement.
AbstractList Various research groups around the world are actively investigating cardiovascular prostheses of biological origin. This review article discusses the need for such bioprosthetics and the potential role for natural tissues in cardiovascular applications such as cardiac valves and vascular grafts. Upon implantation, unmodified natural materials are subject to chemical and enzymatic degradation, seriously decreasing the life of the prosthesis. Therefore, methods such as glutaraldehyde and polyepoxide crosslinking treatments and dye-mediated photooxidation have been developed to stabilize the tissue while attempting to maintain its natural mechanical properties. Also, residual cellular components in a bioprosthetic material have been associated with undesired effects, such as calcification and immunological recognition, and thus have been the motivation for various decellularization processes. The effects of these stabilization and decellularization treatments on mechanical, biological and chemical properties of treated tissues have been investigated, specifically with regard to calcification, immunogenicity, and cytotoxicity concerns. Despite significant advances in the area of cardiovascular prostheses, there has yet to be developed a completely biocompatible, long-lasting implant. However, with the recent advent of tissue engineering, the possibility of applying selective cell seeding to naturally derived bioprosthetics moves us closer to a living tissue replacement.
Various research groups around the world are actively investigating cardiovascular prostheses of biological origin. This review article discusses the need for such bioprosthetics and the potential role for natural tissues in cardiovascular applications such as cardiac valves and vascular grafts. Upon implantation, unmodified natural materials are subject to chemical and enzymatic degradation, seriously decreasing the life of the prosthesis. Therefore, methods such as glutaraldehyde and polyepoxide crosslinking treatments and dye-mediated photooxidation have been developed to stabilize the tissue while attempting to maintain its natural mechanical properties. Also, residual cellular components in a bioprosthetic material have been associated with undesired effects, such as calcification and immunological recognition, and thus have been the motivation for various decellularization processes. The effects of these stabilization and decellularization treatments on mechanical, biological and chemical properties of treated tissues have been investigated, specifically with regard to calcification, immunogenicity, and cytotoxicity concerns. Despite significant advances in the area of cardiovascular prostheses, there has yet to be developed a completely biocompatible, long-lasting implant. However, with the recent advent of tissue engineering, the possibility of applying selective cell seeding to naturally derived bioprosthetics moves us closer to a living tissue replacement.Various research groups around the world are actively investigating cardiovascular prostheses of biological origin. This review article discusses the need for such bioprosthetics and the potential role for natural tissues in cardiovascular applications such as cardiac valves and vascular grafts. Upon implantation, unmodified natural materials are subject to chemical and enzymatic degradation, seriously decreasing the life of the prosthesis. Therefore, methods such as glutaraldehyde and polyepoxide crosslinking treatments and dye-mediated photooxidation have been developed to stabilize the tissue while attempting to maintain its natural mechanical properties. Also, residual cellular components in a bioprosthetic material have been associated with undesired effects, such as calcification and immunological recognition, and thus have been the motivation for various decellularization processes. The effects of these stabilization and decellularization treatments on mechanical, biological and chemical properties of treated tissues have been investigated, specifically with regard to calcification, immunogenicity, and cytotoxicity concerns. Despite significant advances in the area of cardiovascular prostheses, there has yet to be developed a completely biocompatible, long-lasting implant. However, with the recent advent of tissue engineering, the possibility of applying selective cell seeding to naturally derived bioprosthetics moves us closer to a living tissue replacement.
Author Baier, Jennie M.
Schmidt, Christine E.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Christine E.
  surname: Schmidt
  fullname: Schmidt, Christine E.
  email: schmidt@che.utexas.edu
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jennie M.
  surname: Baier
  fullname: Baier, Jennie M.
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11026628$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Thu Apr 24 22:54:32 EDT 2025
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Issue 22
Keywords Glutaraldehyde
Cardiac bioprosthesis
Tissue engineering
Photooxidation
Decellularization
Vascular prosthesis
Language English
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PublicationTitle Biomaterials
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Snippet Various research groups around the world are actively investigating cardiovascular prostheses of biological origin. This review article discusses the need for...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Biocompatible Materials
Blood Vessel Prosthesis - adverse effects
Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation
Calcinosis
Cardiac bioprosthesis
Decellularization
Glutaral
Glutaraldehyde
Heart Valve Prosthesis - adverse effects
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
Humans
Photooxidation
Prosthesis Design
Tissue engineering
Vascular prosthesis
Title Acellular vascular tissues: natural biomaterials for tissue repair and tissue engineering
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0142961200001484
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00148-4
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11026628
https://www.proquest.com/docview/18412594
https://www.proquest.com/docview/72325720
Volume 21
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