Lactate kinetics at the lactate threshold in trained and untrained men
To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (R a and R d , respectively, mg·kg −1 ·min −1 ) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml·kg −1 ·min −1 )], we studied six untraine...
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          | Published in | Journal of applied physiology (1985) Vol. 114; no. 11; pp. 1593 - 1602 | 
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , | 
| Format | Journal Article | 
| Language | English | 
| Published | 
        United States
          American Physiological Society
    
        01.06.2013
     | 
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text | 
| ISSN | 8750-7587 1522-1601 1522-1601  | 
| DOI | 10.1152/japplphysiol.00043.2013 | 
Cover
| Abstract | To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (R
a
and R
d
, respectively, mg·kg
−1
·min
−1
) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml·kg
−1
·min
−1
)], we studied six untrained (UT) and six trained (T) subjects during 60-min exercise bouts at power outputs (PO) eliciting the LT. Trained subjects performed two additional exercise bouts at a PO 10% lower (LT-10%), one of which involved a lactate clamp (LC) to match blood lactate concentration ([lactate]
b
) to that achieved during the LT trial. At LT, lactate R
a
was higher in T (24.1 ± 2.7) than in UT (14.6 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) subjects, but R
a
was not different between UT and T when relative exercise intensities were matched (UT-LT vs. T-LT-10%, 67% V̇o
2max
). At LT, MCR in T (62.5 ± 5.0) subjects was 34% higher than in UT (46.5 ± 7.0; P < 0.05), and a reduction in PO resulted in a significant increase in MCR by 46% (LT-10%, 91.5 ± 14.9, P < 0.05). At matched relative exercise intensities (67% V̇o
2max
), MCR in T subjects was 97% higher than in UT ( P < 0.05). During the LC trial, MCR in T subjects was 64% higher than in UT ( P < 0.05), in whom %V̇o
2max
and [lactate]
b
were similar. We conclude that 1) lactate MCR reaches an apex below the LT, 2) LT corresponds to a limitation in MCR, and 3) endurance training augments capacities for lactate production, disposal and clearance. | 
    
|---|---|
| AbstractList | To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (Ra and Rd, respectively, mg·kg(-1)·min(-1)) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml·kg(-1)·min(-1))], we studied six untrained (UT) and six trained (T) subjects during 60-min exercise bouts at power outputs (PO) eliciting the LT. Trained subjects performed two additional exercise bouts at a PO 10% lower (LT-10%), one of which involved a lactate clamp (LC) to match blood lactate concentration ([lactate]b) to that achieved during the LT trial. At LT, lactate Ra was higher in T (24.1 ± 2.7) than in UT (14.6 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) subjects, but Ra was not different between UT and T when relative exercise intensities were matched (UT-LT vs. T-LT-10%, 67% Vo2max). At LT, MCR in T (62.5 ± 5.0) subjects was 34% higher than in UT (46.5 ± 7.0; P < 0.05), and a reduction in PO resulted in a significant increase in MCR by 46% (LT-10%, 91.5 ± 14.9, P < 0.05). At matched relative exercise intensities (67% Vo2max), MCR in T subjects was 97% higher than in UT (P < 0.05). During the LC trial, MCR in T subjects was 64% higher than in UT (P < 0.05), in whom %Vo2max and [lactate]b were similar. We conclude that 1) lactate MCR reaches an apex below the LT, 2) LT corresponds to a limitation in MCR, and 3) endurance training augments capacities for lactate production, disposal and clearance. To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (Ra and Rd, respectively, mg·kg−1·min−1) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml·kg−1·min−1)], we studied six untrained (UT) and six trained (T) subjects during 60-min exercise bouts at power outputs (PO) eliciting the LT. Trained subjects performed two additional exercise bouts at a PO 10% lower (LT-10%), one of which involved a lactate clamp (LC) to match blood lactate concentration ([lactate]b) to that achieved during the LT trial. At LT, lactate Ra was higher in T (24.1 ± 2.7) than in UT (14.6 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) subjects, but Ra was not different between UT and T when relative exercise intensities were matched (UT-LT vs. T-LT-10%, 67% V̇o2max). At LT, MCR in T (62.5 ± 5.0) subjects was 34% higher than in UT (46.5 ± 7.0; P < 0.05), and a reduction in PO resulted in a significant increase in MCR by 46% (LT-10%, 91.5 ± 14.9, P < 0.05). At matched relative exercise intensities (67% V̇o2max), MCR in T subjects was 97% higher than in UT (P < 0.05). During the LC trial, MCR in T subjects was 64% higher than in UT (P < 0.05), in whom %V̇o2max and [lactate]b were similar. We conclude that 1) lactate MCR reaches an apex below the LT, 2) LT corresponds to a limitation in MCR, and 3) endurance training augments capacities for lactate production, disposal and clearance. To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (... and ..., respectively, mg-kg-min...) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml-kg...-min...)], we studied six untrained (UT) and six trained (T) subjects during 60-min exercise bouts at power outputs (PO) eliciting the LT. Trained subjects performed two additional exercise bouts at a PO 10% lower (LT-10%), one of which involved a lactate clamp (LC) to match blood lactate concentration ([lactate]b) to that achieved during the LT trial. At LT, lactate Ra was higher in T (24.1 ± 2.7) than in UT (14.6 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) subjects, but Ra was not different between UT and T when relative exercise intensities were matched (UT-LT vs. T-LT-10%, 67% ...). At LT, MCR in T (62.5 ± 5.0) subjects was 34% higher than in UT (46.5 ± 7.0; P < 0.05), and a reduction in PO resulted in a significant increase in MCR by 46% (LT-10%, 91.5 ± 14.9, P < 0.05). At matched relative exercise intensities (67% ...), MCR in T subjects was 97% higher than in UT (P < 0.05). During the LC trial, MCR in T subjects was 64% higher than in UT (P < 0.05), in whom %...and [lactate]b were similar. We conclude that 1) lactate MCR reaches an apex below the LT, 2) LT corresponds to a limitation in MCR, and 3) endurance training augments capacities for lactate production, disposal and clearance. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (Ra and Rd, respectively, mg·kg(-1)·min(-1)) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml·kg(-1)·min(-1))], we studied six untrained (UT) and six trained (T) subjects during 60-min exercise bouts at power outputs (PO) eliciting the LT. Trained subjects performed two additional exercise bouts at a PO 10% lower (LT-10%), one of which involved a lactate clamp (LC) to match blood lactate concentration ([lactate]b) to that achieved during the LT trial. At LT, lactate Ra was higher in T (24.1 ± 2.7) than in UT (14.6 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) subjects, but Ra was not different between UT and T when relative exercise intensities were matched (UT-LT vs. T-LT-10%, 67% Vo2max). At LT, MCR in T (62.5 ± 5.0) subjects was 34% higher than in UT (46.5 ± 7.0; P < 0.05), and a reduction in PO resulted in a significant increase in MCR by 46% (LT-10%, 91.5 ± 14.9, P < 0.05). At matched relative exercise intensities (67% Vo2max), MCR in T subjects was 97% higher than in UT (P < 0.05). During the LC trial, MCR in T subjects was 64% higher than in UT (P < 0.05), in whom %Vo2max and [lactate]b were similar. We conclude that 1) lactate MCR reaches an apex below the LT, 2) LT corresponds to a limitation in MCR, and 3) endurance training augments capacities for lactate production, disposal and clearance.To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (Ra and Rd, respectively, mg·kg(-1)·min(-1)) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml·kg(-1)·min(-1))], we studied six untrained (UT) and six trained (T) subjects during 60-min exercise bouts at power outputs (PO) eliciting the LT. Trained subjects performed two additional exercise bouts at a PO 10% lower (LT-10%), one of which involved a lactate clamp (LC) to match blood lactate concentration ([lactate]b) to that achieved during the LT trial. At LT, lactate Ra was higher in T (24.1 ± 2.7) than in UT (14.6 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) subjects, but Ra was not different between UT and T when relative exercise intensities were matched (UT-LT vs. T-LT-10%, 67% Vo2max). At LT, MCR in T (62.5 ± 5.0) subjects was 34% higher than in UT (46.5 ± 7.0; P < 0.05), and a reduction in PO resulted in a significant increase in MCR by 46% (LT-10%, 91.5 ± 14.9, P < 0.05). At matched relative exercise intensities (67% Vo2max), MCR in T subjects was 97% higher than in UT (P < 0.05). During the LC trial, MCR in T subjects was 64% higher than in UT (P < 0.05), in whom %Vo2max and [lactate]b were similar. We conclude that 1) lactate MCR reaches an apex below the LT, 2) LT corresponds to a limitation in MCR, and 3) endurance training augments capacities for lactate production, disposal and clearance. To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance and disposal (R a and R d , respectively, mg·kg −1 ·min −1 ) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR, ml·kg −1 ·min −1 )], we studied six untrained (UT) and six trained (T) subjects during 60-min exercise bouts at power outputs (PO) eliciting the LT. Trained subjects performed two additional exercise bouts at a PO 10% lower (LT-10%), one of which involved a lactate clamp (LC) to match blood lactate concentration ([lactate] b ) to that achieved during the LT trial. At LT, lactate R a was higher in T (24.1 ± 2.7) than in UT (14.6 ± 2.4; P < 0.05) subjects, but R a was not different between UT and T when relative exercise intensities were matched (UT-LT vs. T-LT-10%, 67% V̇o 2max ). At LT, MCR in T (62.5 ± 5.0) subjects was 34% higher than in UT (46.5 ± 7.0; P < 0.05), and a reduction in PO resulted in a significant increase in MCR by 46% (LT-10%, 91.5 ± 14.9, P < 0.05). At matched relative exercise intensities (67% V̇o 2max ), MCR in T subjects was 97% higher than in UT ( P < 0.05). During the LC trial, MCR in T subjects was 64% higher than in UT ( P < 0.05), in whom %V̇o 2max and [lactate] b were similar. We conclude that 1) lactate MCR reaches an apex below the LT, 2) LT corresponds to a limitation in MCR, and 3) endurance training augments capacities for lactate production, disposal and clearance.  | 
    
| Author | Carlson, Thomas J. Brooks, George A. Emhoff, Chi-An W. Horning, Michael A. Messonnier, Laurent A. Fattor, Jill A.  | 
    
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Laurent A. surname: Messonnier fullname: Messonnier, Laurent A. organization: Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California;, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Sport Sciences, Université de Savoie, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Chi-An W. surname: Emhoff fullname: Emhoff, Chi-An W. organization: Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California – sequence: 3 givenname: Jill A. surname: Fattor fullname: Fattor, Jill A. organization: Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California – sequence: 4 givenname: Michael A. surname: Horning fullname: Horning, Michael A. organization: Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California – sequence: 5 givenname: Thomas J. surname: Carlson fullname: Carlson, Thomas J. organization: Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California – sequence: 6 givenname: George A. surname: Brooks fullname: Brooks, George A. organization: Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California  | 
    
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23558389$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed | 
    
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| ContentType | Journal Article | 
    
| Copyright | Copyright American Physiological Society Jun 1, 2013 Copyright © 2013 the American Physiological Society 2013 American Physiological Society  | 
    
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| Keywords | maximal lactate steady state (MLSS), exertion exercise lactate oxidation gluconeogenesis from lactate intermediary metabolism endurance training  | 
    
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| Snippet | To understand the meaning of the lactate threshold (LT) and to test the hypothesis that endurance training augments lactate kinetics [i.e., rates of appearance... | 
    
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| SubjectTerms | Anaerobic Threshold - physiology Exercise Humans Kinetics Lactic Acid - blood Male Metabolic Clearance Rate Metabolism Oxygen Consumption - physiology Physical Conditioning, Human - physiology Physical Fitness - physiology Training Young Adult  | 
    
| Title | Lactate kinetics at the lactate threshold in trained and untrained men | 
    
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