Distinct Phases of Blood Gene Expression Pattern Through Tuberculosis Treatment Reflect Modulation of the Humoral Immune Response

Background. Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral immunity could be measured by gene expression profiling in tuberculosis patients undergoing successful conventional combination t...

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Published inThe Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 207; no. 1; pp. 18 - 29
Main Authors Cliff, Jacqueline M., Lee, Ji-Sook, Constantinou, Nicholas, Cho, Jang-Eun, Clark, Taane G., Ronacher, Katharina, King, Elizabeth C., Lukey, Pauline T., Duncan, Ken, Van Helden, Paul D., Walzl, Gerhard, Dockrell, Hazel M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford Oxford University Press 01.01.2013
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0022-1899
1537-6613
1537-6613
DOI10.1093/infdis/jis499

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Abstract Background. Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral immunity could be measured by gene expression profiling in tuberculosis patients undergoing successful conventional combination treatment. Methods. Ex vivo blood samples from 27 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were assayed at diagnosis and during treatment. RNA was processed and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChips, to determine expression of over 47 000 transcripts. Results. There were significant ≥2-fold changes in expression of >4000 genes during treatment. Rapid, largescale changes were detected, with down-regulated expression of 1261 genes within the first week, including inflammatory markers such as complement components C1q and C2. This was followed by slower changes in expression of different networks of genes, including a later increase in expression of B-cell markers, transcription factors, and signaling molecules. Conclusions. The fast initial down-regulation of expression of inflammatory mediators coincided with rapid killing of actively dividing bacilli, whereas slower delayed changes occurred as drugs acted on dormant bacilli and coincided with lung pathology resolution. Measurement of biosignatures during clinical trials of new drugs could be useful predictors of rapid bactericidal or sterilizing drug activity, and would expedite the licensing of new treatment regimens.
AbstractList Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral immunity could be measured by gene expression profiling in tuberculosis patients undergoing successful conventional combination treatment. Ex vivo blood samples from 27 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were assayed at diagnosis and during treatment. RNA was processed and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChips, to determine expression of over 47,000 transcripts. There were significant ≥ 2-fold changes in expression of >4000 genes during treatment. Rapid, large-scale changes were detected, with down-regulated expression of 1261 genes within the first week, including inflammatory markers such as complement components C1q and C2. This was followed by slower changes in expression of different networks of genes, including a later increase in expression of B-cell markers, transcription factors, and signaling molecules. The fast initial down-regulation of expression of inflammatory mediators coincided with rapid killing of actively dividing bacilli, whereas slower delayed changes occurred as drugs acted on dormant bacilli and coincided with lung pathology resolution. Measurement of biosignatures during clinical trials of new drugs could be useful predictors of rapid bactericidal or sterilizing drug activity, and would expedite the licensing of new treatment regimens.
Background. Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral immunity could be measured by gene expression profiling in tuberculosis patients undergoing successful conventional combination treatment. Methods. Ex vivo blood samples from 27 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were assayed at diagnosis and during treatment. RNA was processed and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChips, to determine expression of over 47 000 transcripts. Results. There were significant ≥2-fold changes in expression of >4000 genes during treatment. Rapid, largescale changes were detected, with down-regulated expression of 1261 genes within the first week, including inflammatory markers such as complement components C1q and C2. This was followed by slower changes in expression of different networks of genes, including a later increase in expression of B-cell markers, transcription factors, and signaling molecules. Conclusions. The fast initial down-regulation of expression of inflammatory mediators coincided with rapid killing of actively dividing bacilli, whereas slower delayed changes occurred as drugs acted on dormant bacilli and coincided with lung pathology resolution. Measurement of biosignatures during clinical trials of new drugs could be useful predictors of rapid bactericidal or sterilizing drug activity, and would expedite the licensing of new treatment regimens.
Background. Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral immunity could be measured by gene expression profiling in tuberculosis patients undergoing successful conventional combination treatment. Methods. Ex vivo blood samples from 27 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were assayed at diagnosis and during treatment. RNA was processed and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChips, to determine expression of over 47 000 transcripts. Results. There were significant > or =,2-fold changes in expression of >4000 genes during treatment. Rapid, large-scale changes were detected, with down-regulated expression of 1261 genes within the first week, including inflammatory markers such as complement components C1q and C2. This was followed by slower changes in expression of different networks of genes, including a later increase in expression of B-cell markers, transcription factors, and signaling molecules. Conclusions. The fast initial down-regulation of expression of inflammatory mediators coincided with rapid killing of actively dividing bacilli, whereas slower delayed changes occurred as drugs acted on dormant bacilli and coincided with lung pathology resolution. Measurement of biosignatures during clinical trials of new drugs could be useful predictors of rapid bactericidal or sterilizing drug activity, and would expedite the licensing of new treatment regimens.
Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral immunity could be measured by gene expression profiling in tuberculosis patients undergoing successful conventional combination treatment.BACKGROUNDAccurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral immunity could be measured by gene expression profiling in tuberculosis patients undergoing successful conventional combination treatment.Ex vivo blood samples from 27 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were assayed at diagnosis and during treatment. RNA was processed and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChips, to determine expression of over 47,000 transcripts.METHODSEx vivo blood samples from 27 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were assayed at diagnosis and during treatment. RNA was processed and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChips, to determine expression of over 47,000 transcripts.There were significant ≥ 2-fold changes in expression of >4000 genes during treatment. Rapid, large-scale changes were detected, with down-regulated expression of 1261 genes within the first week, including inflammatory markers such as complement components C1q and C2. This was followed by slower changes in expression of different networks of genes, including a later increase in expression of B-cell markers, transcription factors, and signaling molecules.RESULTSThere were significant ≥ 2-fold changes in expression of >4000 genes during treatment. Rapid, large-scale changes were detected, with down-regulated expression of 1261 genes within the first week, including inflammatory markers such as complement components C1q and C2. This was followed by slower changes in expression of different networks of genes, including a later increase in expression of B-cell markers, transcription factors, and signaling molecules.The fast initial down-regulation of expression of inflammatory mediators coincided with rapid killing of actively dividing bacilli, whereas slower delayed changes occurred as drugs acted on dormant bacilli and coincided with lung pathology resolution. Measurement of biosignatures during clinical trials of new drugs could be useful predictors of rapid bactericidal or sterilizing drug activity, and would expedite the licensing of new treatment regimens.CONCLUSIONSThe fast initial down-regulation of expression of inflammatory mediators coincided with rapid killing of actively dividing bacilli, whereas slower delayed changes occurred as drugs acted on dormant bacilli and coincided with lung pathology resolution. Measurement of biosignatures during clinical trials of new drugs could be useful predictors of rapid bactericidal or sterilizing drug activity, and would expedite the licensing of new treatment regimens.
Author Ronacher, Katharina
King, Elizabeth C.
Lee, Ji-Sook
Duncan, Ken
Walzl, Gerhard
Cliff, Jacqueline M.
Clark, Taane G.
Dockrell, Hazel M.
Van Helden, Paul D.
Cho, Jang-Eun
Lukey, Pauline T.
Constantinou, Nicholas
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  surname: Ronacher
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Issue 1
Keywords Infection
Immune response
Treatment
Gene expression
Humoral immunity
Blood
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
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PublicationTitle The Journal of infectious diseases
PublicationTitleAlternate J Infect Dis
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Snippet Background. Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in...
Accurate assessment of treatment efficacy would facilitate clinical trials of new antituberculosis drugs. We hypothesized that early alterations in peripheral...
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StartPage 18
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use
B-Lymphocytes - drug effects
BACTERIA
Biological and medical sciences
Cohort Studies
Complement C1q - drug effects
Complement C2 - drug effects
Down-Regulation - drug effects
Drug Therapy, Combination
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
Humans
Immunity, Humoral - drug effects
Infectious diseases
Isoniazid - therapeutic use
Male
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Prospective Studies
Rifampin - therapeutic use
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - immunology
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology
Up-Regulation - drug effects
Young Adult
Title Distinct Phases of Blood Gene Expression Pattern Through Tuberculosis Treatment Reflect Modulation of the Humoral Immune Response
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22872737
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/1635015568
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