µ‐opioid receptor, β‐endorphin, and cannabinoid receptor‐2 are increased in the colonic mucosa of irritable bowel syndrome patients - Dothel, Giovanni; Chang, Lin; Shih, Wendy; Barbaro, Maria Raffaella; Cremon, Cesare; Stanghellini, Vincenzo; De Ponti, Fabrizio; Mayer, Emeran A.; Barbara, Giovanni; Sternini, Catia (Neurogastroenterology and motility, 2019)
Keywords: beta-Endorphin - analysis; beta-Endorphin - biosynthesis; cannabinoid; Cannabinoid CB2 receptors; CD4 antigen; Colon; Constipation; Diarrhea; Endorphins; Female; Gene expression; Humans; immune system; Immunohistochemistry; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Intestine; Irritable bowel syndrome; Irritable Bowel Syndrome - metabolism; Leukocytes (eosinophilic); Lymphocytes T; Male; Mast cells; Mucosa; Narcotics; neuro‐immune cross talk; opioid; Opioid receptors; Pain perception; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 - analysis; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 - biosynthesis; Receptors, Opioid, mu - analysis; Receptors, Opioid, mu - biosynthesis; Sex Characteristics; Western blotting; immune system; irritable bowel syndrome; cannabinoid; neuro-immune cross talk; opioid