Effect of Fertilization Levels on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Containerized Seedlings of Vaccinium oldhamii
Vaccinium oldhamii, a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects and potential for treating osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of five fertilization concentra...
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| Published in | Plants (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 15; p. 2409 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Switzerland
MDPI AG
04.08.2025
MDPI |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2223-7747 2223-7747 |
| DOI | 10.3390/plants14152409 |
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| Abstract | Vaccinium oldhamii, a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects and potential for treating osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of five fertilization concentration levels using Multifeed 20 (N:P:K = 20:20:20) on the growth and physiological characteristics of one-year-old V. oldhamii container seedlings. Treatments included 0 g·L−1 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g·L−1. Increases in stem thickness, root length, and total dry weight were observed in the control, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g·L−1 treatments, whereas growth declined at 2.0 g·L−1. Mortality rates exceeded 15% at concentrations above 1.0 g·L−1. Photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content increased with fertilization. However, while growth improved with increasing fertilizer up to a certain level, it declined at the highest concentration. A fertilization rate of 0.5 g·L−1 proved to be the most economically and environmentally efficient for producing healthy seedlings. This study provides the first fertilization threshold for V. oldhamii, offering practical guidance for nursery production and forming a foundation for future domestication strategies. |
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| AbstractList | Vaccinium oldhamii, a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects and potential for treating osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of five fertilization concentration levels using Multifeed 20 (N:P:K = 20:20:20) on the growth and physiological characteristics of one-year-old V. oldhamii container seedlings. Treatments included 0 g·L−1 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g·L−1. Increases in stem thickness, root length, and total dry weight were observed in the control, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g·L−1 treatments, whereas growth declined at 2.0 g·L−1. Mortality rates exceeded 15% at concentrations above 1.0 g·L−1. Photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content increased with fertilization. However, while growth improved with increasing fertilizer up to a certain level, it declined at the highest concentration. A fertilization rate of 0.5 g·L−1 proved to be the most economically and environmentally efficient for producing healthy seedlings. This study provides the first fertilization threshold for V. oldhamii, offering practical guidance for nursery production and forming a foundation for future domestication strategies. , a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects and potential for treating osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of five fertilization concentration levels using Multifeed 20 (N:P:K = 20:20:20) on the growth and physiological characteristics of one-year-old container seedlings. Treatments included 0 g·L (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g·L . Increases in stem thickness, root length, and total dry weight were observed in the control, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g·L treatments, whereas growth declined at 2.0 g·L . Mortality rates exceeded 15% at concentrations above 1.0 g·L . Photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content increased with fertilization. However, while growth improved with increasing fertilizer up to a certain level, it declined at the highest concentration. A fertilization rate of 0.5 g·L proved to be the most economically and environmentally efficient for producing healthy seedlings. This study provides the first fertilization threshold for , offering practical guidance for nursery production and forming a foundation for future domestication strategies. Vaccinium oldhamii, a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects and potential for treating osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of five fertilization concentration levels using Multifeed 20 (N:P:K = 20:20:20) on the growth and physiological characteristics of one-year-old V. oldhamii container seedlings. Treatments included 0 g·L-1 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g·L-1. Increases in stem thickness, root length, and total dry weight were observed in the control, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g·L-1 treatments, whereas growth declined at 2.0 g·L-1. Mortality rates exceeded 15% at concentrations above 1.0 g·L-1. Photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content increased with fertilization. However, while growth improved with increasing fertilizer up to a certain level, it declined at the highest concentration. A fertilization rate of 0.5 g·L-1 proved to be the most economically and environmentally efficient for producing healthy seedlings. This study provides the first fertilization threshold for V. oldhamii, offering practical guidance for nursery production and forming a foundation for future domestication strategies.Vaccinium oldhamii, a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects and potential for treating osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of five fertilization concentration levels using Multifeed 20 (N:P:K = 20:20:20) on the growth and physiological characteristics of one-year-old V. oldhamii container seedlings. Treatments included 0 g·L-1 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g·L-1. Increases in stem thickness, root length, and total dry weight were observed in the control, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g·L-1 treatments, whereas growth declined at 2.0 g·L-1. Mortality rates exceeded 15% at concentrations above 1.0 g·L-1. Photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content increased with fertilization. However, while growth improved with increasing fertilizer up to a certain level, it declined at the highest concentration. A fertilization rate of 0.5 g·L-1 proved to be the most economically and environmentally efficient for producing healthy seedlings. This study provides the first fertilization threshold for V. oldhamii, offering practical guidance for nursery production and forming a foundation for future domestication strategies. |
| Author | Lee, Da Hyun Kim, Hyeon Min Kim, Do Hyun Kim, Jun Hyeok Park, Wan Geun Park, Chung Youl |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Forest Bioresources Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Republic of Korea; kdh88@koagi.or.kr (D.H.K.); kjh9859@koagi.or.kr (J.H.K.); khm0766@koagi.or.kr (H.M.K.) 2 Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; rtpcr@korea.kr 4 Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea 1 Warm-Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Seogwipo 63582, Republic of Korea; dahyunlee@korea.kr |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea – name: 3 Forest Bioresources Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Republic of Korea; kdh88@koagi.or.kr (D.H.K.); kjh9859@koagi.or.kr (J.H.K.); khm0766@koagi.or.kr (H.M.K.) – name: 1 Warm-Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Seogwipo 63582, Republic of Korea; dahyunlee@korea.kr – name: 2 Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; rtpcr@korea.kr |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Da Hyun surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Da Hyun – sequence: 2 givenname: Chung Youl surname: Park fullname: Park, Chung Youl – sequence: 3 givenname: Do Hyun orcidid: 0000-0002-9190-7112 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Do Hyun – sequence: 4 givenname: Jun Hyeok surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Jun Hyeok – sequence: 5 givenname: Hyeon Min orcidid: 0000-0002-7512-8805 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Hyeon Min – sequence: 7 givenname: Wan Geun orcidid: 0000-0002-6486-097X surname: Park fullname: Park, Wan Geun |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1002/jsfa.6031 10.17957/IJAB/15.0297 10.3390/horticulturae8090836 10.1139/b79-163 10.21273/HORTSCI16359-21 10.1186/s12906-019-2720-4 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00502-3 10.5532/KJAFM.2014.16.3.199 10.14397/jals.2015.49.1.63 10.1104/pp.24.1.1 10.14397/jals.2019.53.5.115 10.1016/B978-0-443-18675-2.00019-5 10.1146/annurev.es.17.110186.003315 10.1016/S0378-1127(03)00306-2 10.2136/sssaj1963.03615995002700040028x 10.1007/s11056-009-9149-4 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00867.x 10.21273/HORTSCI14558-20 10.1007/s11056-005-5419-y 10.21273/HORTSCI16216-21 10.21273/HORTSCI15505-20 10.3390/plants2010057 |
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| Copyright | 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2025 by the authors. 2025 |
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| Keywords | growth performance physiological characteristics medicinal plant Vaccinium oldhamii |
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| Snippet | Vaccinium oldhamii, a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties,... , a blueberry species native to Korea, is a deciduous shrub in the Ericaceae family. Its fruit possesses various pharmacological properties, including... |
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| SubjectTerms | Carbon dioxide Chlorophyll Domestication Environmental conditions Fertilization Fertilizers growth performance Humidity Indigenous species Leaves medicinal plant Native species Osteoporosis physiological characteristics Physiological effects Physiology Polyphenols Seedlings Seeds Temperature Vaccinium oldhamii |
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| Title | Effect of Fertilization Levels on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Containerized Seedlings of Vaccinium oldhamii |
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