In God we trust? Neural measures reveal lower social conformity among non-religious individuals
Even in predominantly religious societies, there are substantial individual differences in religious commitment. Why is this? One possibility is that differences in social conformity (i.e. the tendency to think and behave as others do) underlie inclination towards religiosity. However, the link betw...
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| Published in | Social cognitive and affective neuroscience Vol. 12; no. 6; pp. 956 - 964 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Oxford University Press
01.06.2017
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1749-5016 1749-5024 1749-5024 |
| DOI | 10.1093/scan/nsx023 |
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| Abstract | Even in predominantly religious societies, there are substantial individual differences in religious commitment. Why is this? One possibility is that differences in social conformity (i.e. the tendency to think and behave as others do) underlie inclination towards religiosity. However, the link between religiosity and conformity has not yet been directly examined. In this study, we tested the notion that non-religious individuals show dampened social conformity, using both self-reported and neural (EEG-based ERPs) measures of sensitivity to others’ influence. Non-religious vs religious undergraduate subjects completed an experimental task that assessed levels of conformity in a domain unrelated to religion (i.e. in judgments of facial attractiveness). Findings showed that, although both groups yielded to conformity pressures at the self-report level, non-religious individuals did not yield to such pressures in their neural responses. These findings highlight a novel link between religiosity and social conformity, and hold implications for prominent theories about the psychological functions of religion. |
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| AbstractList | Even in predominantly religious societies, there are substantial individual differences in religious commitment. Why is this? One possibility is that differences in social conformity (i.e. the tendency to think and behave as others do) underlie inclination towards religiosity. However, the link between religiosity and conformity has not yet been directly examined. In this study, we tested the notion that non-religious individuals show dampened social conformity, using both self-reported and neural (EEG-based ERPs) measures of sensitivity to others' influence. Non-religious vs religious undergraduate subjects completed an experimental task that assessed levels of conformity in a domain unrelated to religion (i.e. in judgments of facial attractiveness). Findings showed that, although both groups yielded to conformity pressures at the self-report level, non-religious individuals did not yield to such pressures in their neural responses. These findings highlight a novel link between religiosity and social conformity, and hold implications for prominent theories about the psychological functions of religion. Even in predominantly religious societies, there are substantial individual differences in religious commitment. Why is this? One possibility is that differences in social conformity (i.e. the tendency to think and behave as others do) underlie inclination towards religiosity. However, the link between religiosity and conformity has not yet been directly examined. In this study, we tested the notion that non-religious individuals show dampened social conformity, using both self-reported and neural (EEG-based ERPs) measures of sensitivity to others' influence. Non-religious vs religious undergraduate subjects completed an experimental task that assessed levels of conformity in a domain unrelated to religion (i.e. in judgments of facial attractiveness). Findings showed that, although both groups yielded to conformity pressures at the self-report level, non-religious individuals did not yield to such pressures in their neural responses. These findings highlight a novel link between religiosity and social conformity, and hold implications for prominent theories about the psychological functions of religion.Even in predominantly religious societies, there are substantial individual differences in religious commitment. Why is this? One possibility is that differences in social conformity (i.e. the tendency to think and behave as others do) underlie inclination towards religiosity. However, the link between religiosity and conformity has not yet been directly examined. In this study, we tested the notion that non-religious individuals show dampened social conformity, using both self-reported and neural (EEG-based ERPs) measures of sensitivity to others' influence. Non-religious vs religious undergraduate subjects completed an experimental task that assessed levels of conformity in a domain unrelated to religion (i.e. in judgments of facial attractiveness). Findings showed that, although both groups yielded to conformity pressures at the self-report level, non-religious individuals did not yield to such pressures in their neural responses. These findings highlight a novel link between religiosity and social conformity, and hold implications for prominent theories about the psychological functions of religion. |
| Author | Thiruchselvam, Ravi Gopi, Yashoda Kilekwang, Leonard Gross, James J. Harper, Jessica |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Psychology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA 2 Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Psychology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA – name: 2 Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ravi surname: Thiruchselvam fullname: Thiruchselvam, Ravi email: rthiruch@hamilton.edu organization: 1Department of Psychology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Yashoda surname: Gopi fullname: Gopi, Yashoda organization: 1Department of Psychology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Leonard surname: Kilekwang fullname: Kilekwang, Leonard organization: 1Department of Psychology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Jessica surname: Harper fullname: Harper, Jessica organization: 1Department of Psychology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: James J. surname: Gross fullname: Gross, James J. organization: 2Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1080/87565640903526504 10.1177/0956797612449838 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02305.x 10.1007/s00213-011-2426-x 10.1093/scan/nsu096 10.1016/j.obhdp.2009.04.001 10.1016/0013-4694(83)90135-9 10.1037/h0046408 10.1080/15534510.2012.727767 10.1016/S0301-0511(99)00044-7 10.1016/S1090-5138(98)00018-X 10.1177/0956797611411057 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3109-12.2012 10.1080/2153599X.2011.647849 10.1126/science.1098254 10.1093/scan/nsw115 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2008.04.003 10.1037/0022-3514.76.6.893 10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015 10.1002/evan.10110 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.11.002 10.1093/cercor/11.9.825 10.1177/1088868309353415 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.02.009 10.1162/jocn.2008.20066 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.11.027 10.1177/0956797610375451 10.1080/00224499709551884 |
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| Keywords | EEG/ERP late positive potential social conformity religion |
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| SubjectTerms | Conformity Electroencephalography Evoked Potentials Facial Expression Female Humans Individuality Male Original Religion Religion and Psychology Self Report Social Behavior Social Conformity Social Desirability Trust Young Adult |
| Title | In God we trust? Neural measures reveal lower social conformity among non-religious individuals |
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