Effect of FGF-2, TGF-β-1, and BMPs on Teno/Ligamentogenesis and Osteo/Cementogenesis of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

• Published in: Molecules and cells Vol. 40; no. 8; pp. 550 - 557
• Main Authors: Hyun, Sun-Yi, Lee, Ji-Hye, Kang, Kyung-Jung, Jang, Young-Joo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 01.08.2017; 한국분자세포생물학회
• Subjects: Adult; Biomarkers - metabolism; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins - pharmacology; Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cell Differentiation - genetics; Cementogenesis - drug effects; Cementogenesis - genetics; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 - pharmacology; Fibroblasts - cytology; Fibroblasts - drug effects; Fibroblasts - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Humans; Osteogenesis - drug effects; Osteogenesis - genetics; Periodontal Ligament - cytology; Phenotype; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Stem Cells - cytology; Stem Cells - drug effects; Stem Cells - metabolism; Tendons - cytology; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - pharmacology; Young Adult; 생물학; TGF-β1; ligamentogenesis; human fibroblast growth factor 2 (hFGF-2); osteogenesis; periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs); bone morphogenic protein (BMP)
• ISSN: 1016-8478; 0219-1032
• DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0019

The periodontal ligament (PDL) is the connective tissue between tooth root and alveolar bone containing mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). It has been suggested that human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) differentiate into osteo/cementoblast and ligament progenitor cells. The periodontitis is a representative oral disease where the PDL tissue is collapsed, and regeneration of this tissue is important in periodontitis therapy. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) stimulates proliferation and differentiation of fibroblastic MSCs into various cell lineages. We evaluated the dose efficacy of FGF-2 for cytodifferentiation of hPDLSCs into ligament progenitor. The fibrous morphology was highly stimulated even at low FGF-2 concentrations, and the expression of teno/ligamentogenic markers, scleraxis and tenomodulin in hPDLSCs increased in a dose dependent manner of FGF-2. In contrast, expression of the osteo/cementogenic markers decreased, suggesting that FGF-2 might induce and maintain the ligamentogenic potential of hPDLSCs. Although the stimulation of tenocytic maturation by TGF-β1 was diminished by FGF-2, the inhibition of the expression of early ligamentogenic marker by TGF-β1 was redeemed by FGF-2 treatment. The stimulating effect of BMPs on osteo/cementogenesis was apparently suppressed by FGF-2. These results indicate that FGF-2 predominantly differentiates the hPDLSCs into teno/ligamentogenesis, and has an antagonistic effect on the hard tissue differentiation induced by BMP-2 and BMP-4.