Pulmonary Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis as an Initial Presentation of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

• Published in: Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases Vol. 79; no. 4; pp. 302 - 306
• Main Authors: Lee, Seung Hyun, Kim, Jae Hyung, Park, Sejin, Won, Chang Youn, Lee, Joo-Hyun, Yi, Seong Yoon, Park, Hye Kyeong, Chang, Sun Hee, Jung, Hoon, Lee, Sung-Soon, Koo, Hyeon-Kyoung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 01.10.2016; 대한결핵및호흡기학회
• Subjects: Case Report; 내과학; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Paraneoplastic Syndromes; Pneumonia; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous
• ISSN: 1738-3536; 2005-6184; 2005-6184
• DOI: 10.4046/trd.2016.79.4.302

Systemic vasculitis involving the lung is a rare manifestation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and secondary vasculitis is considered to have poor prognosis. A 44-year-old man presented with fever and dyspnea of 1 month duration. A chest radiograph revealed bilateral multiple wedge shaped consolidations. In addition, the results of a percutaneous needle biopsy for non-resolving pneumonia were compatible with pulmonary vasculitis. Bone marrow biopsy was performed due to the persistence of unexplained anemia and the patient was diagnosed with MDS. We reported a case of secondary vasculitis presenting as non-resolving pneumonia, later diagnosed as paraneoplastic syndrome of undiagnosed MDS. The cytopenia and vasculitis improved after a short course of glucocorticoid treatment, and there was no recurrence despite the progression of underlying MDS.