Discovering and Mapping the Modified Nucleotides That Comprise the Epitranscriptome of mRNA
An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the regulated modification of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). These modified nucleotides affect mRNA translation, stability, splicing, and other processes. A cluster of nucleotide modifications is found adjacent to the mRNA cap structure a...
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| Published in | Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology Vol. 11; no. 6; p. a032201 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
01.06.2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1943-0264 1943-0264 |
| DOI | 10.1101/cshperspect.a032201 |
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| Abstract | An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the regulated modification of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). These modified nucleotides affect mRNA translation, stability, splicing, and other processes. A cluster of nucleotide modifications is found adjacent to the mRNA cap structure and another set can be found internally within transcripts. The most prominent modifications are methylations of adenosine to form either
-methyladenosine (m
A), an internal modified nucleotide, or
,2'-
-dimethyladenosine (m
Am), which is found exclusively at the first templated nucleotide of certain mRNAs. In addition, other rare modified nucleotides have been identified and together these form the epitranscriptomic code of mRNA. In the case of some modified nucleotides, the presence, location, or abundance is a subject of debate. Here, we review the methods that enable the discovery of modified nucleotides and how these approaches can be used to map epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA. |
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| AbstractList | An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the regulated modification of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). These modified nucleotides affect mRNA translation, stability, splicing, and other processes. A cluster of nucleotide modifications is found adjacent to the mRNA cap structure and another set can be found internally within transcripts. The most prominent modifications are methylations of adenosine to form either N 6-methyladenosine (m6A), an internal modified nucleotide, or N 6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), which is found exclusively at the first templated nucleotide of certain mRNAs. In addition, other rare modified nucleotides have been identified and together these form the epitranscriptomic code of mRNA. In the case of some modified nucleotides, the presence, location, or abundance is a subject of debate. Here, we review the methods that enable the discovery of modified nucleotides and how these approaches can be used to map epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA.An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the regulated modification of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). These modified nucleotides affect mRNA translation, stability, splicing, and other processes. A cluster of nucleotide modifications is found adjacent to the mRNA cap structure and another set can be found internally within transcripts. The most prominent modifications are methylations of adenosine to form either N 6-methyladenosine (m6A), an internal modified nucleotide, or N 6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), which is found exclusively at the first templated nucleotide of certain mRNAs. In addition, other rare modified nucleotides have been identified and together these form the epitranscriptomic code of mRNA. In the case of some modified nucleotides, the presence, location, or abundance is a subject of debate. Here, we review the methods that enable the discovery of modified nucleotides and how these approaches can be used to map epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA. An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the regulated modification of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). These modified nucleotides affect mRNA translation, stability, splicing, and other processes. A cluster of nucleotide modifications is found adjacent to the mRNA cap structure and another set can be found internally within transcripts. The most prominent modifications are methylations of adenosine to form either N6-methyladenosine (m6A), an internal modified nucleotide, or N6,2′-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), which is found exclusively at the first templated nucleotide of certain mRNAs. In addition, other rare modified nucleotides have been identified and together these form the epitranscriptomic code of mRNA. In the case of some modified nucleotides, the presence, location, or abundance is a subject of debate. Here, we review the methods that enable the discovery of modified nucleotides and how these approaches can be used to map epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA. An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the regulated modification of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). These modified nucleotides affect mRNA translation, stability, splicing, and other processes. A cluster of nucleotide modifications is found adjacent to the mRNA cap structure and another set can be found internally within transcripts. The most prominent modifications are methylations of adenosine to form either -methyladenosine (m A), an internal modified nucleotide, or ,2'- -dimethyladenosine (m Am), which is found exclusively at the first templated nucleotide of certain mRNAs. In addition, other rare modified nucleotides have been identified and together these form the epitranscriptomic code of mRNA. In the case of some modified nucleotides, the presence, location, or abundance is a subject of debate. Here, we review the methods that enable the discovery of modified nucleotides and how these approaches can be used to map epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA. |
| Author | Linder, Bastian Jaffrey, Samie R. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065 1 Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany – name: 2 Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bastian surname: Linder fullname: Linder, Bastian – sequence: 2 givenname: Samie R. surname: Jaffrey fullname: Jaffrey, Samie R. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31160350$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Adenosine Gene expression Gene regulation Mapping mRNA stability N6-methyladenosine Nucleotides Splicing TECHNIQUES |
| Title | Discovering and Mapping the Modified Nucleotides That Comprise the Epitranscriptome of mRNA |
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