Characterisation of Municipal Sewage Sludge as a Soil Improver and a Fertilizer Product

In this study, we have determined the main important physical and chemical properties of municipal sewage sludge and compared them to the requirements of the Finnish Fertilizer Product Act and Fertilizer Product Decree in order to assess the potential utilization of this by-product as a fertilizer....

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Published inEcological Chemistry and Engineering S Vol. 26; no. 3; pp. 547 - 557
Main Authors Pöykiö, Risto, Watkins, Gary, Dahl, Olli
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Opole Sciendo 01.09.2019
De Gruyter Poland
Subjects
arsenic
BCR extraction
byproducts
Cadmium
Chemical properties
Chemicophysical properties
Chromium
Copper
fertilizer
Fertilizers
growing media
Heavy metals
Industrial areas
Landfills
Lead
Mercury
Metal concentrations
Municipal wastes
Municipal wastewater
Nickel
Organic chemistry
Sewage
Sewage disposal
Sewage sludge
Sludge
Soil
soil amendments
Soils
solubility
Sulfur
Sulphur
waste
Waste disposal sites
wastewater treatment
Zinc
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ISSN1898-6196
2084-4549
2084-4549
1898-6196
DOI10.1515/eces-2019-0040

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Abstract In this study, we have determined the main important physical and chemical properties of municipal sewage sludge and compared them to the requirements of the Finnish Fertilizer Product Act and Fertilizer Product Decree in order to assess the potential utilization of this by-product as a fertilizer. Except for Hg (1.4 mg/kg d.m.), the total concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr and As in our sewage sludge were lower that the Finnish maximum permissible heavy metal concentrations for sewage sludge used as a fertilizer products. However, the sewage sludge may be utilized as a soil improver, a growing media or as a fertilizer product in landfill sites (e.g. surface structures) or in other closed industrial areas, because the above mentioned Finnish limit values are not applied at these sites. If the sewage sludge is to be utilized in these kinds of areas, an environmental permit may be needed. According to BCR-extraction, the lowest release potential (solubility) from the sample matrix was observed for sulphur (58.4 %) and the highest for Cd (100 %).
AbstractList In this study, we have determined the main important physical and chemical properties of municipal sewage sludge and compared them to the requirements of the Finnish Fertilizer Product Act and Fertilizer Product Decree in order to assess the potential utilization of this by-product as a fertilizer. Except for Hg (1.4 mg/kg d.m.), the total concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr and As in our sewage sludge were lower that the Finnish maximum permissible heavy metal concentrations for sewage sludge used as a fertilizer products. However, the sewage sludge may be utilized as a soil improver, a growing media or as a fertilizer product in landfill sites (e.g. surface structures) or in other closed industrial areas, because the above mentioned Finnish limit values are not applied at these sites. If the sewage sludge is to be utilized in these kinds of areas, an environmental permit may be needed. According to BCR-extraction, the lowest release potential (solubility) from the sample matrix was observed for sulphur (58.4 %) and the highest for Cd (100 %).
Author Pöykiö, Risto
Watkins, Gary
Dahl, Olli
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Risto
  surname: Pöykiö
  fullname: Pöykiö, Risto
  email: risto.poykio@kemi.fi
  organization: Environmental and Chemical Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Gary
  surname: Watkins
  fullname: Watkins, Gary
  organization: Clean Technology Research Group, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Espoo 00076 Aalto, Finland, phone +35840540107
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Olli
  surname: Dahl
  fullname: Dahl, Olli
  organization: Clean Technology Research Group, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, Espoo 00076 Aalto, Finland, phone +35840540107
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Cites_doi 10.12911/22998993/66244
10.1016/j.trac.2017.01.010
10.21474/IJAR01/3689
10.1039/b102768a
10.23986/afsci.5159
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Snippet In this study, we have determined the main important physical and chemical properties of municipal sewage sludge and compared them to the requirements of the...
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StartPage 547
SubjectTerms arsenic
BCR extraction
byproducts
Cadmium
Chemical properties
Chemicophysical properties
Chromium
Copper
fertilizer
Fertilizers
growing media
Heavy metals
Industrial areas
Landfills
Lead
Mercury
Metal concentrations
Municipal wastes
Municipal wastewater
Nickel
Organic chemistry
Sewage
Sewage disposal
Sewage sludge
Sludge
Soil
soil amendments
Soils
solubility
Sulfur
Sulphur
waste
Waste disposal sites
wastewater treatment
Zinc
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Title Characterisation of Municipal Sewage Sludge as a Soil Improver and a Fertilizer Product
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