A PVP-stabilized cerium oxide-platinum nanocomposite synthesized in TEG: pro-/antioxidant activities

• Published in: Nanoscale advances Vol. 7; no. 6; pp. 1686 - 1697
• Main Authors: Zholobak, Nadiia M, Dubova, Iryna V, Deineko, Anastasiia, Kalinovych, Viacheslav, Nováková, Jaroslava, Matolínová, Iva, Prince, Kevin C, Skála, Tomáš, Shcherbakov, Alexander B, Tsud, Nataliya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England RSC 11.03.2025
• Subjects: Chemistry
• ISSN: 2516-0230; 2516-0230
• DOI: 10.1039/d4na00857j

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) represent a highly promising material for a number of chemical and biological applications involving oxidation-reduction processes. However, the impact of synthesis conditions, as well as the incorporation of synergistic agents of a different catalytic nature, on the antioxidant or prooxidant properties of CeNPs remains a subject of ongoing investigation. In this study, non-stoichiometric CeNPs (∼10% Ce 3+ ) stabilized by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were synthesized through the thermal autoxidative decomposition of cerium( iii ) nitrate in a high-boiling glycol. A novel approach for the synthesis of CeNPs in the absence of additives (PVP-CeNPs) and with platinum (PVP-CeNPs-Pt), followed by the formation of platinum nanoparticles (PVP-PtNPs), was employed in a stepwise one-pot process. In chemical tests, the PVP-CeNPs-Pt nanocomposite exhibited enhanced peroxidase-mimicking activity and accelerated the Fenton-type reaction of dye decolorization. Nevertheless, it was found to have the ability to reduce adrenaline autoxidation via the superoxide dismutase-mimicking pathway. In vitro studies demonstrated that PVP-CeNPs and PVP-CeNPs-Pt enhanced H 2 O 2 -induced oxytosis while restoring cellular metabolic activity inhibited by the Fenton-like pathway of cellular apoptosis (ferroptosis) initiated by sulfasalazine. The authors suggest that the oxidoreductase activity of CeNP-based systems in the chemical tests and in biological processes in vitro may be caused by different mechanisms, which are discussed. Non-stoichiometric nano-CeO 2 shows peroxidase activity both in flask and in vitro ; under Fenton-like conditions the effect is reversed: pro-oxidant in flask and protective in vitro . The addition of nano-Pt to CeO 2 enhances the effects in all cases.