Robotic navigation with deep reinforcement learning in transthoracic echocardiography

• Published in: International journal for computer assisted radiology and surgery Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 191 - 202
• Main Authors: Shida, Yuuki, Kumagai, Souto, Iwata, Hiroyasu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.01.2025; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Algorithms; Cardiovascular disease; Computer Imaging; Computer Science; Deep Learning; Echocardiography; Echocardiography - methods; Health Informatics; Heart; Humans; Imaging; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mitral Valve - diagnostic imaging; Navigation systems; Original; Original Article; Pattern Recognition and Graphics; Point of care testing; Radiology; Reinforcement Machine Learning; Robotic Surgical Procedures - methods; Robotics; Robots; Searching; Surgery; Surgery, Computer-Assisted - methods; Ultrasonic imaging; Vision; United States > US; Robotic ultrasound; Echocardiography; Human–robot interaction; Medical robots
• ISSN: 1861-6429; 1861-6410; 1861-6429
• DOI: 10.1007/s11548-024-03275-z

Purpose The search for heart components in robotic transthoracic echocardiography is a time-consuming process. This paper proposes an optimized robotic navigation system for heart components using deep reinforcement learning to achieve an efficient and effective search technique for heart components. Method The proposed method introduces (i) an optimized search behavior generation algorithm that avoids multiple local solutions and searches for the optimal solution and (ii) an optimized path generation algorithm that minimizes the search path, thereby realizing short search times. Results The mitral valve search with the proposed method reaches the optimal solution with a probability of 74.4%, the mitral valve confidence loss rate when the local solution stops is 16.3% on average, and the inspection time with the generated path is 48.6 s on average, which is 56.6% of the time cost of the conventional method. Conclusion The results indicate that the proposed method improves the search efficiency, and the optimal location can be searched in many cases with the proposed method, and the loss rate of the confidence in the mitral valve was low even when a local solution rather than the optimal solution was reached. It is suggested that the proposed method enables accurate and quick robotic navigation to find heart components.