Silk Hydrogels as Soft Substrates for Neural Tissue Engineering
There is great need for soft biomaterials that match the stiffness of human tissues for tissue engineering and regeneration. Hydrogels are frequently employed for extracellular matrix functionalization and to provide appropriate mechanical cues. It is challenging, however, to achieve structural inte...
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| Published in | Advanced functional materials Vol. 23; no. 41; pp. 5140 - 5149 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Weinheim
WILEY-VCH Verlag
06.11.2013
WILEY‐VCH Verlag |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1616-301X 1616-3028 |
| DOI | 10.1002/adfm.201300435 |
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| Abstract | There is great need for soft biomaterials that match the stiffness of human tissues for tissue engineering and regeneration. Hydrogels are frequently employed for extracellular matrix functionalization and to provide appropriate mechanical cues. It is challenging, however, to achieve structural integrity and retain bioactive molecules in hydrogels for complex tissue formation that may take months to develop. This work aims to investigate mechanical and biochemical characteristics of silk hydrogels for soft tissue engineering, specifically for the nervous system. The stiffness of 1 to 8% silk hydrogels, measured by atomic force microscopy, is 4 to 33 kPa. The structural integrity of silk gels is maintained throughout embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion (cDRG) explant culture over 4 days whereas fibrin and collagen gels decrease in mass over time. Neurite extension of cDRGs cultured on 2 and 4% silk hydrogels exhibit greater growth than softer or stiffer gels. Silk hydrogels release <5% of neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) over 2 weeks and 11‐day old gels show maintenance of growth factor bioactivity. Finally, fibronectin‐ and NT‐3‐functionalized silk gels elicit increased axonal bundling suggesting their use in bridging nerve injuries. These results support silk hydrogels as soft and sustainable biomaterials for neural tissue engineering.
Silk hydrogels are soft biomaterials of stiffness matching that of nervous system tissues. Significant chick dorsal root ganglion explant outgrowth is exhibited on 2 to 4% w/v silk hydrogels supplemented with neurotrophic factors exemplifying their employment in extracellular matrix functionalization for neural tissue engineering applications. |
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| AbstractList | There is great need for soft biomaterials that match the stiffness of human tissues for tissue engineering and regeneration. Hydrogels are frequently employed for extracellular matrix functionalization and to provide appropriate mechanical cues. It is challenging, however, to achieve structural integrity and retain bioactive molecules in hydrogels for complex tissue formation that may take months to develop. This work aims to investigate mechanical and biochemical characteristics of silk hydrogels for soft tissue engineering, specifically for the nervous system. The stiffness of 1 to 8% silk hydrogels, measured by atomic force microscopy, is 4 to 33 kPa. The structural integrity of silk gels is maintained throughout embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion (cDRG) explant culture over 4 days whereas fibrin and collagen gels decrease in mass over time. Neurite extension of cDRGs cultured on 2 and 4% silk hydrogels exhibit greater growth than softer or stiffer gels. Silk hydrogels release <5% of neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) over 2 weeks and 11‐day old gels show maintenance of growth factor bioactivity. Finally, fibronectin‐ and NT‐3‐functionalized silk gels elicit increased axonal bundling suggesting their use in bridging nerve injuries. These results support silk hydrogels as soft and sustainable biomaterials for neural tissue engineering. There is great need for soft biomaterials that match the stiffness of human tissues for tissue engineering and regeneration. Hydrogels are frequently employed for extracellular matrix functionalization and to provide appropriate mechanical cues. It is challenging, however, to achieve structural integrity and retain bioactive molecules in hydrogels for complex tissue formation that may take months to develop. This work aims to investigate mechanical and biochemical characteristics of silk hydrogels for soft tissue engineering, specifically for the nervous system. The stiffness of 1 to 8% silk hydrogels, measured by atomic force microscopy, is 4 to 33 kPa. The structural integrity of silk gels is maintained throughout embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion (cDRG) explant culture over 4 days whereas fibrin and collagen gels decrease in mass over time. Neurite extension of cDRGs cultured on 2 and 4% silk hydrogels exhibit greater growth than softer or stiffer gels. Silk hydrogels release <5% of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) over 2 weeks and 11-day old gels show maintenance of growth factor bioactivity. Finally, fibronectin- and NT-3-functionalized silk gels elicit increased axonal bundling suggesting their use in bridging nerve injuries. These results support silk hydrogels as soft and sustainable biomaterials for neural tissue engineering. Silk hydrogels are soft biomaterials of stiffness matching that of nervous system tissues. Significant chick dorsal root ganglion explant outgrowth is exhibited on 2 to 4% w/v silk hydrogels supplemented with neurotrophic factors exemplifying their employment in extracellular matrix functionalization for neural tissue engineering applications. There is great need for soft biomaterials that match the stiffness of human tissues for tissue engineering and regeneration. Hydrogels are frequently employed for extracellular matrix functionalization and to provide appropriate mechanical cues. It is challenging, however, to achieve structural integrity and retain bioactive molecules in hydrogels for complex tissue formation that may take months to develop. This work aims to investigate mechanical and biochemical characteristics of silk hydrogels for soft tissue engineering, specifically for the nervous system. The stiffness of 1 to 8% silk hydrogels, measured by atomic force microscopy, is 4 to 33 kPa. The structural integrity of silk gels is maintained throughout embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion (cDRG) explant culture over 4 days whereas fibrin and collagen gels decrease in mass over time. Neurite extension of cDRGs cultured on 2 and 4% silk hydrogels exhibit greater growth than softer or stiffer gels. Silk hydrogels release <5% of neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) over 2 weeks and 11‐day old gels show maintenance of growth factor bioactivity. Finally, fibronectin‐ and NT‐3‐functionalized silk gels elicit increased axonal bundling suggesting their use in bridging nerve injuries. These results support silk hydrogels as soft and sustainable biomaterials for neural tissue engineering. Silk hydrogels are soft biomaterials of stiffness matching that of nervous system tissues. Significant chick dorsal root ganglion explant outgrowth is exhibited on 2 to 4% w/v silk hydrogels supplemented with neurotrophic factors exemplifying their employment in extracellular matrix functionalization for neural tissue engineering applications. |
| Author | Tortelli, Federico Staii, Cristian De Laporte, Laura Hubbell, Jeffrey A. Atherton, Timothy J. Spedden, Elise Kaplan, David L. Hopkins, Amy M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Amy M. surname: Hopkins fullname: Hopkins, Amy M. organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Laura surname: De Laporte fullname: De Laporte, Laura organization: Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and Institute for Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland – sequence: 3 givenname: Federico surname: Tortelli fullname: Tortelli, Federico organization: Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and Institute for Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland – sequence: 4 givenname: Elise surname: Spedden fullname: Spedden, Elise organization: Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Nanoscopic Physics, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Cristian surname: Staii fullname: Staii, Cristian organization: Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Nanoscopic Physics, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Timothy J. surname: Atherton fullname: Atherton, Timothy J. organization: Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Nanoscopic Physics, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Jeffrey A. surname: Hubbell fullname: Hubbell, Jeffrey A. organization: Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences and Institute for Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland – sequence: 8 givenname: David L. surname: Kaplan fullname: Kaplan, David L. email: david.kaplan@tufts.edu organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA |
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(e_1_2_7_10_2) 2007 e_1_2_7_4_2 Singh P. (e_1_2_7_25_2) 2010 e_1_2_7_8_2 e_1_2_7_101_2 e_1_2_7_82_2 e_1_2_7_16_2 e_1_2_7_40_2 e_1_2_7_63_2 e_1_2_7_86_2 e_1_2_7_12_2 e_1_2_7_44_2 e_1_2_7_67_2 e_1_2_7_48_2 e_1_2_7_29_2 N. C. f. I. P. a. C. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (e_1_2_7_1_2) 2012 e_1_2_7_93_2 e_1_2_7_70_2 Ivaska J. (e_1_2_7_87_2) 2011 e_1_2_7_24_2 e_1_2_7_51_2 e_1_2_7_97_2 e_1_2_7_32_2 e_1_2_7_74_2 e_1_2_7_20_2 e_1_2_7_55_2 e_1_2_7_36_2 e_1_2_7_78_2 e_1_2_7_59_2 e_1_2_7_5_2 e_1_2_7_9_2 e_1_2_7_102_2 e_1_2_7_17_2 e_1_2_7_81_2 e_1_2_7_13_2 e_1_2_7_62_2 e_1_2_7_43_2 e_1_2_7_85_2 e_1_2_7_66_2 e_1_2_7_47_2 e_1_2_7_89_2 Spedden E. 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| Snippet | There is great need for soft biomaterials that match the stiffness of human tissues for tissue engineering and regeneration. Hydrogels are frequently employed... |
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| SubjectTerms | biomedical applications biomimetics extracellular matrix engineering hydrogels tissue engineering |
| Title | Silk Hydrogels as Soft Substrates for Neural Tissue Engineering |
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