Longitudinal trajectories of anxiety and depression in subjects with different mental disorders after one year in the COVID-19 pandemic
•Anxiety and depression rates result different across mental disorders amidst pandemic.•Variables associated with the development of anxiety and depression are investigated.•With the reduction of lockdown, anxiety and depressive symptoms generally improved.•Symptoms improved across all mental disord...
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          | Published in | Psychiatry research Vol. 334; p. 115680 | 
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 
| Format | Journal Article | 
| Language | English | 
| Published | 
        Ireland
          Elsevier B.V
    
        01.04.2024
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text | 
| ISSN | 0165-1781 1872-7123 1872-7123  | 
| DOI | 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115680 | 
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| Abstract | •Anxiety and depression rates result different across mental disorders amidst pandemic.•Variables associated with the development of anxiety and depression are investigated.•With the reduction of lockdown, anxiety and depressive symptoms generally improved.•Symptoms improved across all mental disorders but psychoses and OCD.
The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the development and trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms among subjects with different mental disorders, during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (T0, March-April 2021) while strict containment measures were applied in Italy, and after 3 months (T1, June-July 2021), with reduced restrictive measures. A sample of 527 subjects, with different DSM-5 diagnoses, was enrolled at nine Italian psychiatric outpatient services. Assessments at T0 and T1 included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms. Differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms rates emerged across different mental disorders and a general improvement at T1 was detected for all of them in both the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores, except for Psychosis and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Patients with Feeding and Eating Disorders (FED) reported statistically significantly higher: GAD-7 scores than those with Bipolar Disorder (BD), at both times, and Anxiety Disorders at baseline; PHQ-9 scores than all other diagnostic categories, at both times. Unemployment, no COVID-19 infection, OCD were predictive variables related to GAD-7 scores at T1, while being unmarried, BD or FED related to PHQ-9 scores at T1. Subjects with mental disorders reported anxiety and depressive symptoms during the third pandemic wave and most of patients showed an improvement over a 3-month follow-up, despite differences emerged among diagnostic categories and for the variables involved. Further studies are needed to deepen knowledge on pandemic impact on patients with mental disorders. | 
    
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| AbstractList | •Anxiety and depression rates result different across mental disorders amidst pandemic.•Variables associated with the development of anxiety and depression are investigated.•With the reduction of lockdown, anxiety and depressive symptoms generally improved.•Symptoms improved across all mental disorders but psychoses and OCD.
The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the development and trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms among subjects with different mental disorders, during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (T0, March-April 2021) while strict containment measures were applied in Italy, and after 3 months (T1, June-July 2021), with reduced restrictive measures. A sample of 527 subjects, with different DSM-5 diagnoses, was enrolled at nine Italian psychiatric outpatient services. Assessments at T0 and T1 included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms. Differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms rates emerged across different mental disorders and a general improvement at T1 was detected for all of them in both the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores, except for Psychosis and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Patients with Feeding and Eating Disorders (FED) reported statistically significantly higher: GAD-7 scores than those with Bipolar Disorder (BD), at both times, and Anxiety Disorders at baseline; PHQ-9 scores than all other diagnostic categories, at both times. Unemployment, no COVID-19 infection, OCD were predictive variables related to GAD-7 scores at T1, while being unmarried, BD or FED related to PHQ-9 scores at T1. Subjects with mental disorders reported anxiety and depressive symptoms during the third pandemic wave and most of patients showed an improvement over a 3-month follow-up, despite differences emerged among diagnostic categories and for the variables involved. Further studies are needed to deepen knowledge on pandemic impact on patients with mental disorders. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the development and trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms among subjects with different mental disorders, during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (T0, March-April 2021) while strict containment measures were applied in Italy, and after 3 months (T1, June-July 2021), with reduced restrictive measures. A sample of 527 subjects, with different DSM-5 diagnoses, was enrolled at nine Italian psychiatric outpatient services. Assessments at T0 and T1 included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms. Differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms rates emerged across different mental disorders and a general improvement at T1 was detected for all of them in both the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores, except for Psychosis and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Patients with Feeding and Eating Disorders (FED) reported statistically significantly higher: GAD-7 scores than those with Bipolar Disorder (BD), at both times, and Anxiety Disorders at baseline; PHQ-9 scores than all other diagnostic categories, at both times. Unemployment, no COVID-19 infection, OCD were predictive variables related to GAD-7 scores at T1, while being unmarried, BD or FED related to PHQ-9 scores at T1. Subjects with mental disorders reported anxiety and depressive symptoms during the third pandemic wave and most of patients showed an improvement over a 3-month follow-up, despite differences emerged among diagnostic categories and for the variables involved. Further studies are needed to deepen knowledge on pandemic impact on patients with mental disorders. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the development and trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms among subjects with different mental disorders, during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (T0, March-April 2021) while strict containment measures were applied in Italy, and after 3 months (T1, June-July 2021), with reduced restrictive measures. A sample of 527 subjects, with different DSM-5 diagnoses, was enrolled at nine Italian psychiatric outpatient services. Assessments at T0 and T1 included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms. Differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms rates emerged across different mental disorders and a general improvement at T1 was detected for all of them in both the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores, except for Psychosis and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Patients with Feeding and Eating Disorders (FED) reported statistically significantly higher: GAD-7 scores than those with Bipolar Disorder (BD), at both times, and Anxiety Disorders at baseline; PHQ-9 scores than all other diagnostic categories, at both times. Unemployment, no COVID-19 infection, OCD were predictive variables related to GAD-7 scores at T1, while being unmarried, BD or FED related to PHQ-9 scores at T1. Subjects with mental disorders reported anxiety and depressive symptoms during the third pandemic wave and most of patients showed an improvement over a 3-month follow-up, despite differences emerged among diagnostic categories and for the variables involved. Further studies are needed to deepen knowledge on pandemic impact on patients with mental disorders.The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the development and trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms among subjects with different mental disorders, during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (T0, March-April 2021) while strict containment measures were applied in Italy, and after 3 months (T1, June-July 2021), with reduced restrictive measures. A sample of 527 subjects, with different DSM-5 diagnoses, was enrolled at nine Italian psychiatric outpatient services. Assessments at T0 and T1 included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms. Differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms rates emerged across different mental disorders and a general improvement at T1 was detected for all of them in both the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores, except for Psychosis and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Patients with Feeding and Eating Disorders (FED) reported statistically significantly higher: GAD-7 scores than those with Bipolar Disorder (BD), at both times, and Anxiety Disorders at baseline; PHQ-9 scores than all other diagnostic categories, at both times. Unemployment, no COVID-19 infection, OCD were predictive variables related to GAD-7 scores at T1, while being unmarried, BD or FED related to PHQ-9 scores at T1. Subjects with mental disorders reported anxiety and depressive symptoms during the third pandemic wave and most of patients showed an improvement over a 3-month follow-up, despite differences emerged among diagnostic categories and for the variables involved. Further studies are needed to deepen knowledge on pandemic impact on patients with mental disorders.  | 
    
| ArticleNumber | 115680 | 
    
| Author | Dell'Oste, Valerio Berardelli, Isabella Ceci, Pietro D'Aietti, Alberto Pompili, Maurizio Zanaboni, Silvia Pedrinelli, Virginia Signorelli, Maria Marchesoni, Giorgia Bertelloni, Carlo A. Fantasia, Sara Rocca, Bianca Della Rodolico, Alessandro Castellini, Giovanni Menchetti, Marco Albert, Umberto Fiorillo, Andrea Massimetti, Gabriele Gravina, Davide Carmassi, Claudia Bastanzetti, Vittoria Faldi, Marco Burato, Sofia Maselli, Francesca Maria Camilla Possidente, Chiara Luciano, Mario Longo, Paola Abbate-Daga, Giovanni Vincenzo, Matteo Di Tosato, Sarah Sampogna, Gaia Cosentini, Nicola Concerto, Carmen  | 
    
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38368843$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed | 
    
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| Contributor | Dell'Oste, Valerio Gravina, Davide Berardelli, Isabella Bastanzetti, Vittoria Faldi, Marco Ceci, Pietro D'Aietti, Alberto Burato, Sofia Maselli, Francesca Maria Camilla Possidente, Chiara Zanaboni, Silvia Longo, Paola Marchesoni, Giorgia Vincenzo, Matteo Di Fantasia, Sara Rocca, Bianca Della Cosentini, Nicola Concerto, Carmen Rodolico, Alessandro  | 
    
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| Keywords | Psychosis Obsessive compulsive disorder OCD Mental disorders Feeding and eating disorders Anxiety Sars-Cov-2  | 
    
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| SubjectTerms | Anxiety Feeding and eating disorders Mental disorders Obsessive compulsive disorder OCD Psychosis Sars-Cov-2  | 
    
| Title | Longitudinal trajectories of anxiety and depression in subjects with different mental disorders after one year in the COVID-19 pandemic | 
    
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