A morse-code recognition system with LMS and matching algorithms for persons with disabilities
Single-switch communication is an effective auxiliary method for persons with disabilities. However, it is not easy to recognize the Morse codes typed by them. In our earlier proposed Morse code auto-recognition method, using the Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, it was demonstrated that t...
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| Published in | International journal of medical informatics (Shannon, Ireland) Vol. 44; no. 3; pp. 193 - 202 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Ireland
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
01.05.1997
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1386-5056 1872-8243 |
| DOI | 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8 |
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| Abstract | Single-switch communication is an effective auxiliary method for persons with disabilities. However, it is not easy to recognize the Morse codes typed by them. In our earlier proposed Morse code auto-recognition method, using the Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, it was demonstrated that the system could successfully recognize the Morse-coded messages at unstable typing speeds. However, the speed variation had to be limited to a range between 0.67 and two times the present speed. In the case of beginners or those with heavy disabilities, this rule can not always be complied with, producing a low recognition rate of 20%. To address this limitation, this paper offers an advanced recognition method which combines the Least-Mean-Square algorithm with a character-by-character matching technique. The recognition rate for this method from simulated and real data from various sources is as high as 75% or more on average. This practical application of the single-switch method means a step forward toward alternative communication for disabled persons. |
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| AbstractList | Single-switch communication is an effective auxiliary method for persons with disabilities. However, it is not easy to recognize the Morse codes typed by them. In our earlier proposed Morse code auto-recognition method, using the Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, it was demonstrated that the system could successfully recognize the Morse-coded messages at unstable typing speeds. However, the speed variation had to be limited to a range between 0.67 and two times the present speed. In the case of beginners or those with heavy disabilities, this rule can not always be complied with, producing a low recognition rate of 20%. To address this limitation, this paper offers an advanced recognition method which combines the Least-Mean-Square algorithm with a character-by-character matching technique. The recognition rate for this method from simulated and real data from various sources is as high as 75% or more on average. This practical application of the single-switch method means a step forward toward alternative communication for disabled persons. Single-switch communication is an effective auxiliary method for persons with disabilities. However, it is not easy to recognize the Morse codes typed by them. In our earlier proposed Morse code auto-recognition method, using the Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, it was demonstrated that the system could successfully recognize the Morse-coded messages at unstable typing speeds. However, the speed variation had to be limited to a range between 0.67 and two times the present speed. In the case of beginners or those with heavy disabilities, this rule can not always be complied with, producing a low recognition rate of 20%. To address this limitation, this paper offers an advanced recognition method which combines the Least-Mean-Square algorithm with a character-by-character matching technique. The recognition rate for this method from simulated and real data from various sources is as high as 75% or more on average. This practical application of the single-switch method means a step forward toward alternative communication for disabled persons.Single-switch communication is an effective auxiliary method for persons with disabilities. However, it is not easy to recognize the Morse codes typed by them. In our earlier proposed Morse code auto-recognition method, using the Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, it was demonstrated that the system could successfully recognize the Morse-coded messages at unstable typing speeds. However, the speed variation had to be limited to a range between 0.67 and two times the present speed. In the case of beginners or those with heavy disabilities, this rule can not always be complied with, producing a low recognition rate of 20%. To address this limitation, this paper offers an advanced recognition method which combines the Least-Mean-Square algorithm with a character-by-character matching technique. The recognition rate for this method from simulated and real data from various sources is as high as 75% or more on average. This practical application of the single-switch method means a step forward toward alternative communication for disabled persons. |
| Author | Luo, Ching-Hsing Shih, Ching-Hsiang |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9291010$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/0020-7101(96)01163-4 |
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| Keywords | Matching Adaptive signal processing Morse code Least-Mean-Square algorithm |
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| References | Luo, Shih (bib1) 1996; 41 Shih, Luo (bib2) 1994 Hauck (bib5) 1992; 13 Gonzalez, Woods (bib7) 1992 O'Neal (bib4) 1992; 29 French, Silverstein, Siebens (bib6) 1986 Mowinski, Lauer (bib3) 1989; 5 Mowinski (10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib3) 1989; 5 O'Neal (10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib4) 1992; 29 Hauck (10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib5) 1992; 13 Shih (10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib2) 1994 Gonzalez (10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib7) 1992 French (10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib6) 1986 Luo (10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib1) 1996; 41 |
| References_xml | – volume: 5 start-page: 23 year: 1989 end-page: 24 ident: bib3 article-title: The adaptive firmware card expands computer access to a blind bilateral hand amputee publication-title: OCLC Micro – start-page: 259 year: 1986 end-page: 261 ident: bib6 article-title: Inexpensive computer based Morse code communication system publication-title: RESNA '86 – volume: 13 start-page: 490 year: 1992 end-page: 493 ident: bib5 article-title: SAM: An improved input device publication-title: Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest – start-page: 551 year: 1994 end-page: 556 ident: bib2 article-title: Adaptive single-switch communication system for the disabled publication-title: Proc. J. Biomed. Eng. Appl. Basic Commun. – volume: 41 start-page: 99 year: 1996 end-page: 106 ident: bib1 article-title: Adaptive Morse-coded single-switch communication system for the disabled publication-title: Int. J. Biomed. Comput. – year: 1992 ident: bib7 article-title: Digital Image Processing – volume: 29 start-page: 34 year: 1992 end-page: 35 ident: bib4 article-title: Technological solutions for individuals with disabilities publication-title: Media Methods – start-page: 259 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib6 article-title: Inexpensive computer based Morse code communication system – volume: 5 start-page: 23 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib3 article-title: The adaptive firmware card expands computer access to a blind bilateral hand amputee publication-title: OCLC Micro – volume: 29 start-page: 34 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib4 article-title: Technological solutions for individuals with disabilities publication-title: Media Methods – start-page: 551 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib2 article-title: Adaptive single-switch communication system for the disabled – year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib7 – volume: 13 start-page: 490 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib5 article-title: SAM: An improved input device publication-title: Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest – volume: 41 start-page: 99 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S1386-5056(97)00020-8_bib1 article-title: Adaptive Morse-coded single-switch communication system for the disabled publication-title: Int. J. Biomed. Comput. doi: 10.1016/0020-7101(96)01163-4 |
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| SubjectTerms | Adaptive signal processing Algorithms Communication Aids for Disabled Humans Least-Mean-Square algorithm Least-Squares Analysis Matching Morse code Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted - instrumentation Software |
| Title | A morse-code recognition system with LMS and matching algorithms for persons with disabilities |
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