Optimal Shape Design of Concrete Sleepers under Lateral Loading Using DEM - Chalabii, Jafar; Movahedi Rad, Majid; Hosseini, Seyedsaber (Buildings (Basel), 2023)
Keywords: Algorithms; Analysis; ballasted tracks; discreet element modelling; Discrete element method; Energy consumption; Friction; Geometry; Lateral forces; Lateral loads; lateral resistance; Mathematical optimization; optimization; Optimization algorithms; Railroad ballast; Railroad ties; Railroads; Railway tracks; Sensitivity analysis; Shape optimization; sleeper shape; Weight