Optical volumetric brain imaging: speed, depth, and resolution enhancement

Understanding how the brain functions is one of the grand challenges in modern scientific research. Similar to a computer, a functional brain is composed of hardware and software. The major bottleneck lies in the difficulty to directly observe the brain ‘software’, i.e. the rule and operating inform...

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Published inJournal of physics. D, Applied physics Vol. 54; no. 32; pp. 323002 - 323029
Main Authors Huang, Shih-Huan, Irawati, Ninik, Chien, Yu-Feng, Lin, Jyun-Yi, Tsai, Yu-Hsuan, Wang, Po-Yuan, Chu, Li-An, Li, Meng-Lin, Chiang, Ann-Shyn, Tsia, Kevin K, Chu, Shi-Wei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published IOP Publishing 12.08.2021
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ISSN0022-3727
1361-6463
1361-6463
DOI10.1088/1361-6463/abff7b

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Abstract Understanding how the brain functions is one of the grand challenges in modern scientific research. Similar to a computer, a functional brain is composed of hardware and software. The major bottleneck lies in the difficulty to directly observe the brain ‘software’, i.e. the rule and operating information used by the brain that might emerge from pan-neuron/synapse connectome. A recognized strategy for probing the functional connectome is to perform volumetric imaging in brains with high spatiotemporal resolution and deep brain penetration. Among various imaging technologies, optical imaging offers appealing combinations including spatial resolution of sub-micrometer to nanometer, temporal resolution of second to millisecond, penetration depth of millimeter or deeper, and molecular contrast based on the abundant choices of fluorescent indicators. Thus, it is ideal for enabling three-dimensional functional brain mapping of small animal models. In this review, we focus on recent technological advances in optical volumetric imaging, with an emphasis on the tools and methods for enhancing imaging speed, depth, and resolution. The review could serve as a quantitative reference for physicists and biologists to choose the techniques better suited for specific applications, as well as to stimulate novel technical developments to advance brain research.
AbstractList Understanding how the brain functions is one of the grand challenges in modern scientific research. Similar to a computer, a functional brain is composed of hardware and software. The major bottleneck lies in the difficulty to directly observe the brain ‘software’, i.e. the rule and operating information used by the brain that might emerge from pan-neuron/synapse connectome. A recognized strategy for probing the functional connectome is to perform volumetric imaging in brains with high spatiotemporal resolution and deep brain penetration. Among various imaging technologies, optical imaging offers appealing combinations including spatial resolution of sub-micrometer to nanometer, temporal resolution of second to millisecond, penetration depth of millimeter or deeper, and molecular contrast based on the abundant choices of fluorescent indicators. Thus, it is ideal for enabling three-dimensional functional brain mapping of small animal models. In this review, we focus on recent technological advances in optical volumetric imaging, with an emphasis on the tools and methods for enhancing imaging speed, depth, and resolution. The review could serve as a quantitative reference for physicists and biologists to choose the techniques better suited for specific applications, as well as to stimulate novel technical developments to advance brain research.
Author Wang, Po-Yuan
Chu, Li-An
Tsia, Kevin K
Chiang, Ann-Shyn
Chu, Shi-Wei
Huang, Shih-Huan
Tsai, Yu-Hsuan
Chien, Yu-Feng
Irawati, Ninik
Li, Meng-Lin
Lin, Jyun-Yi
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  organization: National Taiwan University Department of Physics, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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  givenname: Li-An
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  organization: National Tsing Hua University Department of Biomedical Engineering & Environmental Sciences, 101, Sec 2, Kuangfu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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  givenname: Meng-Lin
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Meng-Lin
  organization: Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University , 101, Sec. 2, Kuangfu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Ann-Shyn
  surname: Chiang
  fullname: Chiang, Ann-Shyn
  organization: Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes , 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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  givenname: Kevin K
  surname: Tsia
  fullname: Tsia, Kevin K
  organization: Hong Kong Science Park Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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  givenname: Shi-Wei
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7728-4329
  surname: Chu
  fullname: Chu, Shi-Wei
  organization: National Taiwan University Molecular Imaging Center, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Snippet Understanding how the brain functions is one of the grand challenges in modern scientific research. Similar to a computer, a functional brain is composed of...
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SubjectTerms camera and photodetector
imaging depth
optical microscopy
single-photon and multiphoton excitation
super-resolution
volumetric speed
Title Optical volumetric brain imaging: speed, depth, and resolution enhancement
URI https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6463/abff7b
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