On Dam-Break Flow Routing in Confluent Channels
The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to investigate the influence of different confluence an...
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| Published in | International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 16; no. 22; p. 4384 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
MDPI AG
09.11.2019
MDPI |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1660-4601 1661-7827 1660-4601 |
| DOI | 10.3390/ijerph16224384 |
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| Abstract | The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to investigate the influence of different confluence angles on the routing of a dam-break flood. Experiments were carried out in smooth, transparent, rectangular prismatic channels to study the dam-break flow under four different confluence angles. The flow velocity was measured using an image processing technique, and the surface flow field was effectively captured by synchronously recording the particle motion images. Based on the variation of the water level and flow discharge, as the confluence angle increased, the retardation and abatement effects on the flood increased. Specifically, the flood arrival time was delayed by approximately 0.91% to 21.18%, and the peak flood discharge was reduced by approximately 9.05% to 58.36%. Combined with the surface flow field at the confluence and in the downstream sections, as the confluence angle increased, the impact points at the confluence and in the downstream straight sections moved upward, and the impact range was reduced. Combined with the pressure variation pattern, the routing of dam-break flow in the confluent channels experienced a process of impact-reflection-return-attenuation. |
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| AbstractList | The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to investigate the influence of different confluence angles on the routing of a dam-break flood. Experiments were carried out in smooth, transparent, rectangular prismatic channels to study the dam-break flow under four different confluence angles. The flow velocity was measured using an image processing technique, and the surface flow field was effectively captured by synchronously recording the particle motion images. Based on the variation of the water level and flow discharge, as the confluence angle increased, the retardation and abatement effects on the flood increased. Specifically, the flood arrival time was delayed by approximately 0.91% to 21.18%, and the peak flood discharge was reduced by approximately 9.05% to 58.36%. Combined with the surface flow field at the confluence and in the downstream sections, as the confluence angle increased, the impact points at the confluence and in the downstream straight sections moved upward, and the impact range was reduced. Combined with the pressure variation pattern, the routing of dam-break flow in the confluent channels experienced a process of impact-reflection-return-attenuation. The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to investigate the influence of different confluence angles on the routing of a dam-break flood. Experiments were carried out in smooth, transparent, rectangular prismatic channels to study the dam-break flow under four different confluence angles. The flow velocity was measured using an image processing technique, and the surface flow field was effectively captured by synchronously recording the particle motion images. Based on the variation of the water level and flow discharge, as the confluence angle increased, the retardation and abatement effects on the flood increased. Specifically, the flood arrival time was delayed by approximately 0.91% to 21.18%, and the peak flood discharge was reduced by approximately 9.05% to 58.36%. Combined with the surface flow field at the confluence and in the downstream sections, as the confluence angle increased, the impact points at the confluence and in the downstream straight sections moved upward, and the impact range was reduced. Combined with the pressure variation pattern, the routing of dam-break flow in the confluent channels experienced a process of impact-reflection-return-attenuation.The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to investigate the influence of different confluence angles on the routing of a dam-break flood. Experiments were carried out in smooth, transparent, rectangular prismatic channels to study the dam-break flow under four different confluence angles. The flow velocity was measured using an image processing technique, and the surface flow field was effectively captured by synchronously recording the particle motion images. Based on the variation of the water level and flow discharge, as the confluence angle increased, the retardation and abatement effects on the flood increased. Specifically, the flood arrival time was delayed by approximately 0.91% to 21.18%, and the peak flood discharge was reduced by approximately 9.05% to 58.36%. Combined with the surface flow field at the confluence and in the downstream sections, as the confluence angle increased, the impact points at the confluence and in the downstream straight sections moved upward, and the impact range was reduced. Combined with the pressure variation pattern, the routing of dam-break flow in the confluent channels experienced a process of impact-reflection-return-attenuation. Due to the complex boundary conditions of the river confluence area, the hydraulic factors such as the flow field and water depth of a dam-break flood vary in this area, resulting in unique hydraulic phenomena [1,2] such as secondary flow, spiral flow, local flow stagnation, separation, and water superelevation, thereby leading to a routing pattern that is very different from that in a single river channel. In the current study, the characteristics of dam-break flood flow in confluent channels were analyzed, the variations and distributions of pressure in the confluent channels and on the downstream sidewalls with time were studied through physical model tests, the distributions of the surface flow fields in the confluent and downstream sections were measured based on PIV principles, and the water level at each point along the river was compared with that of the straight channel to analyze the influence of different confluence angles on the routing of dam-break floods. Physical Model The current research on dam-breaks is mainly based on numerical simulation and statistical analysis of historical data, but physical model test is still an indispensable technical means to study the dam-break. Conventional measurement methods (such as current meters and Pitot tubes) are unable to accurately and effectively obtain dam-break flow velocity. [...]based on PIV principles, an image processing method was used in the current experiment for flow velocity measurements. |
| Author | Fan, Qiang Chen, Sihan Li, Yingjin Tian, Zhong |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Yunnan Institute of Water & Hydropower Engineering Investigation, Design and Research, Kunming 650021, China 1 State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717596$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2005)131:8(859) 10.1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5 10.3850/38WC092019-0404 10.1007/s00348-010-1021-y 10.1080/00221689509498555 10.1002/hyp.9881 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2002)128:11(956) 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001567 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.03.001 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.03.040 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000705 10.1155/2017/8917360 10.3390/fluids4010044 10.3390/app8122456 10.1017/S0022112002008455 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2003)129:3(187) 10.1080/00221686.2012.734862 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2001)127:5(340) 10.1080/00221689809498601 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2005)131:1(24) 10.1080/00221689809498620 10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.04.020 |
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| Keywords | confluent channel dam-break flood abatement physical testing numerical simulation retardation |
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| SubjectTerms | Dams Experiments Finite volume method Floods Flow velocity Hydraulics Physical Phenomena Propagation Researchers Rivers Simulation Studies Water Movements |
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| Title | On Dam-Break Flow Routing in Confluent Channels |
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