LFM: A Lightweight LCD Algorithm Based on Feature Matching between Similar Key Frames

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 21; no. 13; p. 4499
• Main Authors: Zhu, Zuojun, Xu, Xiangrong, Liu, Xuefei, Jiang, Yanglin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI 30.06.2021; MDPI AG
• Subjects: deep learning; feature matching; LCD; lightweight CNN; object detection; SLAM
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s21134499

Loop Closure Detection (LCD) is an important technique to improve the accuracy of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). In this paper, we propose an LCD algorithm based on binary classification for feature matching between similar images with deep learning, which greatly improves the accuracy of LCD algorithm. Meanwhile, a novel lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed and applied to the target detection task of key frames. On this basis, the key frames are binary classified according to their labels. Finally, similar frames are input into the improved lightweight feature matching network based on Transformer to judge whether the current position is loop closure. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional method, LFM-LCD has higher accuracy and recall rate in the LCD task of indoor SLAM while ensuring the number of parameters and calculation amount. The research in this paper provides a new direction for LCD of robotic SLAM, which will be further improved with the development of deep learning.