Particle swarm optimization algorithm for a vehicle routing problem with heterogeneous fleet, mixed backhauls, and time windows

Today, companies need to collect and to deliver goods from and to their depots and their customers. This problem is described as a Vehicle Routing Problem with Mixed Linehaul and Backhaul customers (VRPMB). The goods delivered from the depot to the customers can be alternated with the goods picked u...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of intelligent manufacturing Vol. 24; no. 4; pp. 775 - 789
Main Authors Belmecheri, Farah, Prins, Christian, Yalaoui, Farouk, Amodeo, Lionel
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Boston Springer US 01.08.2013
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag (Germany)
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0956-5515
1572-8145
DOI10.1007/s10845-012-0627-8

Cover

Abstract Today, companies need to collect and to deliver goods from and to their depots and their customers. This problem is described as a Vehicle Routing Problem with Mixed Linehaul and Backhaul customers (VRPMB). The goods delivered from the depot to the customers can be alternated with the goods picked up. Other variants of VRP added to VRPMB are Heterogeneous fleet and Time Windows. This paper studies a complex VRP called HVRPMBTW which concerns a logistic/transport society, a problem rarely studied in literature. In this paper, we propose a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with a local search. This approach has shown its effectiveness on several combinatorial problems. The adaptation of this approach to the problem studied is explained and tested on the benchmarks. The results are compared with our previous methods and they show that in several cases PSO improves the results.
AbstractList Today, companies need to collect and to deliver goods from and to their depots and their customers. This problem is described as a Vehicle Routing Problem with Mixed Linehaul and Backhaul customers (VRPMB). The goods delivered from the depot to the customers can be alternated with the goods picked up. Other variants of VRP added to VRPMB are Heterogeneous fleet and Time Windows. This paper studies a complex VRP called HVRPMBTW which concerns a logistic/transport society, a problem rarely studied in literature. In this paper, we propose a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with a local search. This approach has shown its effectiveness on several combinatorial problems. The adaptation of this approach to the problem studied is explained and tested on the benchmarks. The results are compared with our previous methods and they show that in several cases PSO improves the results.
Today, companies need to collect and to deliver goods from and to their depots and their customers. This problem is described as a Vehicle Routing Problem with Mixed Linehaul and Backhaul customers (VRPMB). The goods delivered from the depot to the customers can be alternated with the goods picked up. Other variants of VRP added to VRPMB are Heterogeneous fleet and Time Windows. This paper studies a complex VRP called HVRPMBTW which concerns a logistic/transport society, a problem rarely studied in literature. In this paper, we propose a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with a local search. This approach has shown its effectiveness on several combinatorial problems. The adaptation of this approach to the problem studied is explained and tested on the benchmarks. The results are compared with our previous methods and they show that in several cases PSO improves the results.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Author Amodeo, Lionel
Prins, Christian
Belmecheri, Farah
Yalaoui, Farouk
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Farah
  surname: Belmecheri
  fullname: Belmecheri, Farah
  email: farah.belmecheri@utt.fr
  organization: Institut Charles Delaunay-OSI, University of Technology of Troyes, TCP Distribution
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Christian
  surname: Prins
  fullname: Prins, Christian
  organization: Institut Charles Delaunay-OSI, University of Technology of Troyes
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Farouk
  surname: Yalaoui
  fullname: Yalaoui, Farouk
  organization: Institut Charles Delaunay-OSI, University of Technology of Troyes
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Lionel
  surname: Amodeo
  fullname: Amodeo, Lionel
  organization: Institut Charles Delaunay-OSI, University of Technology of Troyes
BackLink https://utt.hal.science/hal-02501045$$DView record in HAL
BookMark eNp9kcGKFDEQhoOs4OzqA3gLeFHY1qp0J919XJbVFQb0oOeQ6STTWdOdMcnsqBdf3cy0giwoOQTC91Wq6j8nZ3OYDSHPEV4jQPsmIXQNrwBZBYK1VfeIrJC3rOqw4WdkBT0XFefIn5DzlO4AoO8ErsjPjypmN3hD00HFiYZddpP7obILM1V-G6LL40RtiFTRezOe0Bj22c1buoth481ED4Who8kmhq2ZTdgnar0x-ZJO7pvRdKOGL6Pa-3RJ1axp-cEUZ9bhkJ6Sx1b5ZJ79vi_I57c3n65vq_WHd--vr9bV0KDIVcN6tWHaotFi6K3ljRVM87oDBTVC33LARqE2ttUagbeDxq4gSlgYWK_rC_JqqTsqL3fRTSp-l0E5eXu1lsc3YKUENPweC_tyYct8X_cmZTm5NBjv1Wk2iRxELViNrKAvHqB3YR_nMonEuu-bclAUql2oIYaUorFycPm04hyV8xJBHkOUS4iyhCiPIcqumPjA_NP7_xy2OKmw89bEv3r6p_QLlgSxmA
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_2478_emj_2022_0001
crossref_primary_10_1155_2015_931256
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_016_1223_0
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11750_019_00534_0
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3401487
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_77667_1
crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_8373138
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_013_0850_y
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cie_2020_106641
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eswa_2016_01_038
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jjimei_2021_100010
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_012_0668_z
crossref_primary_10_1093_jigpal_jzv011
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cor_2017_11_003
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_014_0959_7
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_016_1234_x
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJMCMC_2017070103
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_swevo_2018_04_001
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10878_023_01016_7
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_013_0830_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ifacol_2018_07_069
crossref_primary_10_1080_00207543_2019_1617449
crossref_primary_10_1142_S0217595918400067
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejor_2015_07_020
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2016_05_011
crossref_primary_10_3389_fcteg_2022_803468
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12351_020_00600_7
crossref_primary_10_3390_math10193669
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_018_1410_2
crossref_primary_10_1080_15567036_2020_1752855
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cie_2021_107887
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tre_2020_101891
crossref_primary_10_1109_TITS_2023_3344086
crossref_primary_10_1109_TITS_2024_3515997
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_015_1055_3
crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_9711074
crossref_primary_10_7717_peerj_cs_333
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_015_1124_7
crossref_primary_10_3390_biomimetics10030181
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2016_02_040
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_013_0852_9
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12351_024_00862_5
crossref_primary_10_25077_josi_v17_n1_p35_45_2018
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2020_106561
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3054388
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10479_017_2642_9
crossref_primary_10_1057_s41274_017_0206_7
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00170_015_8075_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tre_2024_103470
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_020_01619_5
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cie_2014_10_014
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scs_2021_103074
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00170_014_6512_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2023_110025
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jer_2023_100130
crossref_primary_10_1111_itor_12509
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2015_12_040
crossref_primary_10_4018_ijncr_2014070102
crossref_primary_10_1049_iet_its_2018_5127
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cie_2023_109067
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_014_0942_3
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.ipl.2007.03.010
10.1016/j.cor.2004.07.009
10.1016/j.cie.2008.06.012
10.1007/s00187-006-0008-6
10.1007/s10100-006-0163-8
10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00099-X
10.1631/jzus.2006.A0607
10.1007/s10845-008-0101-9
10.1016/S0305-0548(98)00100-2
10.1016/j.omega.2006.11.001
10.1016/j.cor.2008.04.003
10.1016/j.ins.2006.09.016
10.1016/j.engappai.2008.10.006
10.1016/j.ejor.2009.03.044
10.1007/s11301-008-0033-7
10.1002/net.10067
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601344
10.1007/PL00013346
10.1287/opre.35.2.254
10.1023/A:1012204504849
10.1109/IPDPSW.2010.5470702
10.1007/s10845-009-0368-5
10.1109/SCIS.2009.4927022
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600808
10.1002/9780470496916
10.1109/ICSMC.1997.637339
10.1109/WIIAT.2008.103
10.1007/s10845-010-0427-y
10.1007/s10845-009-0311-9
10.1007/s10845-010-0455-7
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Copyright_xml – notice: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
– notice: Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
– notice: Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7SC
7TB
7WY
7WZ
7XB
87Z
88E
8AL
8AO
8FD
8FE
8FG
8FJ
8FK
8FL
ABJCF
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
ARAPS
AZQEC
BENPR
BEZIV
BGLVJ
CCPQU
DWQXO
FR3
FRNLG
F~G
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
JQ2
K60
K6~
K7-
K9.
L.-
L6V
L7M
L~C
L~D
M0C
M0N
M0S
M7S
P5Z
P62
PHGZM
PHGZT
PKEHL
PQBIZ
PQBZA
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PTHSS
Q9U
1XC
DOI 10.1007/s10845-012-0627-8
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
ABI/INFORM Collection
ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
ABI/INFORM Collection
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Computing Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Advanced Technologies & Computer Science Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
Business Premium Collection
Technology Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Engineering Research Database
Business Premium Collection (Alumni)
ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Business Collection
Computer Science Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
ABI/INFORM Global
Computing Database
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Engineering Database
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Business
ProQuest One Business (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
Computer Science Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Computer Science Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Central China
ABI/INFORM Complete
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
Engineering Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Business Premium Collection
ABI/INFORM Global
Engineering Database
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Technology Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Business Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)
ProQuest One Business
Technology Collection
Technology Research Database
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Central
ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
ABI/INFORM Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Computing
ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Computing (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
ProQuest One Business (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
Business Premium Collection (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList
ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)
Technology Research Database

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: 8FG
  name: ProQuest Technology Collection
  url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Computer Science
EISSN 1572-8145
EndPage 789
ExternalDocumentID oai:HAL:hal-02501045v1
3017517891
10_1007_s10845_012_0627_8
Genre Feature
GroupedDBID -4X
-57
-5G
-BR
-EM
-Y2
-~C
-~X
.4S
.86
.DC
.VR
06D
0R~
0VY
1N0
1SB
2.D
203
28-
29K
2J2
2JN
2JY
2KG
2LR
2P1
2VQ
2~H
3-Y
30V
3V.
4.4
406
408
409
40D
40E
5GY
5QI
5VS
67Z
6NX
78A
7WY
7X7
88E
8AO
8FE
8FG
8FJ
8FL
8TC
8UJ
95-
95.
95~
96X
AAAVM
AABHQ
AACDK
AAHNG
AAIAL
AAJBT
AAJKR
AANZL
AARHV
AARTL
AASML
AATNV
AATVU
AAUYE
AAWCG
AAYIU
AAYOK
AAYQN
AAYTO
AAYZH
ABAKF
ABBBX
ABBXA
ABDZT
ABECU
ABFTD
ABFTV
ABHLI
ABHQN
ABJCF
ABJNI
ABJOX
ABKCH
ABKTR
ABMNI
ABMQK
ABNWP
ABQBU
ABQSL
ABSXP
ABTEG
ABTHY
ABTKH
ABTMW
ABULA
ABUWG
ABWNU
ABXPI
ACAOD
ACBXY
ACDTI
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACHSB
ACHXU
ACIHN
ACIWK
ACKNC
ACMDZ
ACMLO
ACOKC
ACOMO
ACPIV
ACREN
ACSNA
ACZOJ
ADHHG
ADHIR
ADIMF
ADINQ
ADKNI
ADKPE
ADMLS
ADRFC
ADTPH
ADURQ
ADYFF
ADYOE
ADZKW
AEAQA
AEBTG
AEFIE
AEFQL
AEGAL
AEGNC
AEJHL
AEJRE
AEKMD
AEMSY
AENEX
AEOHA
AEPYU
AESKC
AETLH
AEUYN
AEVLU
AEXYK
AFBBN
AFEXP
AFGCZ
AFKRA
AFLOW
AFQWF
AFWTZ
AFYQB
AFZKB
AGAYW
AGDGC
AGGDS
AGJBK
AGMZJ
AGQEE
AGQMX
AGRTI
AGWIL
AGWZB
AGYKE
AHAVH
AHBYD
AHKAY
AHQJS
AHSBF
AHYZX
AI.
AIAKS
AIGIU
AIIXL
AILAN
AITGF
AJBLW
AJRNO
AJZVZ
AKVCP
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALWAN
AMKLP
AMTXH
AMXSW
AMYLF
AMYQR
AOCGG
ARAPS
ARCSS
ARMRJ
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXYYD
AYQZM
AZFZN
AZQEC
B-.
BA0
BAPOH
BBWZM
BDATZ
BENPR
BEZIV
BGLVJ
BGNMA
BPHCQ
BSONS
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
CSCUP
D-I
DDRTE
DL5
DNIVK
DPUIP
DU5
DWQXO
EBLON
EBS
EDO
EIOEI
EJD
ESBYG
FEDTE
FERAY
FFXSO
FIGPU
FINBP
FNLPD
FRNLG
FRRFC
FSGXE
FWDCC
FYUFA
GGCAI
GGRSB
GJIRD
GNUQQ
GNWQR
GQ6
GQ7
GQ8
GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_COMPLETE
GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_RESEARCH
GXS
H13
HCIFZ
HF~
HG5
HG6
HMJXF
HQYDN
HRMNR
HVGLF
HZ~
I-F
I09
IHE
IJ-
IKXTQ
ITM
IWAJR
IXC
IXE
IZIGR
IZQ
I~X
I~Z
J-C
J0Z
JBSCW
JCJTX
JZLTJ
K60
K6V
K6~
K7-
KDC
KOV
KOW
L6V
LAK
LLZTM
M0C
M0N
M4Y
M7S
MA-
MK~
ML~
N2Q
NB0
NDZJH
NPVJJ
NQJWS
NU0
O9-
O93
O9G
O9I
O9J
OAM
OVD
P19
P2P
P62
P9P
PF0
PQBIZ
PQBZA
PQQKQ
PROAC
PT4
PT5
PTHSS
Q2X
QOK
QOS
R4E
R89
R9I
RHV
RNI
RNS
ROL
RPX
RSV
RZC
RZE
RZK
S16
S1Z
S26
S27
S28
S3B
SAP
SBE
SCF
SCLPG
SDH
SDM
SHX
SISQX
SJYHP
SNE
SNPRN
SNX
SOHCF
SOJ
SPISZ
SRMVM
SSLCW
STPWE
SZN
T13
T16
TEORI
TSG
TSK
TSV
TUC
TUS
U2A
U5U
UG4
UOJIU
UTJUX
UZXMN
VC2
VFIZW
VH1
W23
W48
WK8
YLTOR
Z45
Z7R
Z7S
Z7V
Z7X
Z7Z
Z81
Z83
Z88
Z8N
Z92
ZMTXR
ZYFGU
~A9
~EX
AAPKM
AAYXX
ABBRH
ABDBE
ABFSG
ABRTQ
ACSTC
ADHKG
ADKFA
AEZWR
AFDZB
AFHIU
AFOHR
AGQPQ
AHPBZ
AHWEU
AIXLP
ATHPR
AYFIA
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
PQGLB
PUEGO
7SC
7TB
7XB
8AL
8FD
8FK
FR3
JQ2
K9.
L.-
L7M
L~C
L~D
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
1XC
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-429ab2df1ed6c9ff54f62d5380a0310975014a1def7dd1057cd18f62a6f0c29d3
IEDL.DBID AGYKE
ISSN 0956-5515
IngestDate Tue Oct 14 20:43:01 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 02 12:09:06 EDT 2025
Sat Aug 23 13:59:53 EDT 2025
Wed Oct 01 03:40:56 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:59:52 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:35:56 EST 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 4
Keywords Mixed backhauls
Pick up and delivery
Time windows
Heterogeneous fleet
Particle swarm optimization
Vehicle routing problem
Language English
License http://www.springer.com/tdm
Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c416t-429ab2df1ed6c9ff54f62d5380a0310975014a1def7dd1057cd18f62a6f0c29d3
Notes SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 14
ObjectType-Article-2
content type line 23
PQID 1399494916
PQPubID 32407
PageCount 15
ParticipantIDs hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_02501045v1
proquest_miscellaneous_1506362312
proquest_journals_1399494916
crossref_citationtrail_10_1007_s10845_012_0627_8
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10845_012_0627_8
springer_journals_10_1007_s10845_012_0627_8
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2013-08-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2013-08-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 08
  year: 2013
  text: 2013-08-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Boston
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Boston
– name: London
PublicationTitle Journal of intelligent manufacturing
PublicationTitleAbbrev J Intell Manuf
PublicationYear 2013
Publisher Springer US
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag (Germany)
Publisher_xml – name: Springer US
– name: Springer Nature B.V
– name: Springer Verlag (Germany)
References Solomon (CR33) 1987; 35
Dethloff (CR12) 2001; 23
Gendreau, Laporte, Musaraganyi, Taillard (CR15) 1999; 26
Süral, Bookbinder (CR34) 2003; 41
Ai, Kachitvichyanukul (CR3) 2009; 5
CR19
CR17
CR39
CR37
Landrieu, Mati, Binder (CR21) 2001; 12
CR13
Tang Montané, Galvao (CR36) 2006; 33
Ellabib, Calamai, Basir (CR14) 2007; 177
CR10
Clerc (CR11) 2005
CR32
Machado, Lopes (CR24) 2005
Yazgi Tütüncü (CR43) 2010; 201
Talbi (CR35) 2009
Parragh, Doerner, Hartl (CR25) 2008; 58
CR4
Ai, Kachitvichyanukul (CR1) 2007; 2
Salhi, Nagy (CR30) 1999; 50
CR6
CR5
Ai, Kachitvichyanukul (CR2) 2009; 56
CR8
CR7
Goldberg, David (CR16) 1989
Liu, Chung (CR23) 2009; 20
Rieck, Zimmermann (CR28) 2009
Shi, Liang, Lee, Lu, Wang (CR31) 2007; 103
Kennedy, Eberhart (CR18) 1995
Voudouris, Tsang (CR38) 1999; 113
CR45
CR22
Rieck, Zimmermann, Glagow (CR29) 2007; 17
Yazgi Tütüncü, Carreto, Baker (CR44) 2009; 37
CR20
CR42
CR41
Wassan, Osman (CR40) 2002; 53
Reimann, Ulrich (CR27) 2006; 14
Chen, Yang, Wu (CR9) 2006; 7
Prins (CR26) 2009; 22
T. J. Ai (627_CR1) 2007; 2
A. L. Chen (627_CR9) 2006; 7
F. A. Tang Montané (627_CR36) 2006; 33
S. N. Parragh (627_CR25) 2008; 58
H. Süral (627_CR34) 2003; 41
A. Landrieu (627_CR21) 2001; 12
T. J. Ai (627_CR2) 2009; 56
J. Rieck (627_CR29) 2007; 17
S. C. Liu (627_CR23) 2009; 20
E. G. Talbi (627_CR35) 2009
I. Ellabib (627_CR14) 2007; 177
M. Gendreau (627_CR15) 1999; 26
M. M. Solomon (627_CR33) 1987; 35
J. Kennedy (627_CR18) 1995
M. Clerc (627_CR11) 2005
627_CR22
627_CR20
627_CR42
627_CR41
M. Reimann (627_CR27) 2006; 14
627_CR45
G. Yazgi Tütüncü (627_CR44) 2009; 37
J. Rieck (627_CR28) 2009
X. H. Shi (627_CR31) 2007; 103
G. Yazgi Tütüncü (627_CR43) 2010; 201
627_CR19
627_CR7
627_CR17
627_CR39
627_CR8
627_CR5
J. Dethloff (627_CR12) 2001; 23
T. J. Ai (627_CR3) 2009; 5
627_CR6
D. E. Goldberg (627_CR16) 1989
C. Voudouris (627_CR38) 1999; 113
627_CR4
627_CR10
T. R. Machado (627_CR24) 2005
C. Prins (627_CR26) 2009; 22
S. Salhi (627_CR30) 1999; 50
627_CR32
627_CR37
N. A. Wassan (627_CR40) 2002; 53
627_CR13
References_xml – ident: CR45
– ident: CR22
– volume: 103
  start-page: 169
  year: 2007
  end-page: 176
  ident: CR31
  article-title: Particle swarm optimization-based algorithms for tsp and generalized TSP
  publication-title: Information Processing Letters
  doi: 10.1016/j.ipl.2007.03.010
– ident: CR4
– volume: 33
  start-page: 595
  issue: 3
  year: 2006
  end-page: 619
  ident: CR36
  article-title: A tabu search algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pick-up and delivery service
  publication-title: Computers and Operations Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2004.07.009
– ident: CR39
– ident: CR37
– ident: CR10
– volume: 56
  start-page: 380
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  end-page: 387
  ident: CR2
  article-title: Particle swarm optimization and two solution representations for solving the capacitated vehicle routing problem
  publication-title: Computers and Industrial Engineering
  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2008.06.012
– volume: 17
  start-page: 365
  year: 2007
  end-page: 388
  ident: CR29
  article-title: Tourenplanung mittelständischer speditionsunternehmen in stückgutkooperationen: Modellierung und heuristische lösungsverfahren
  publication-title: Zeitschrift Planung and Unternehmenssteuerung
  doi: 10.1007/s00187-006-0008-6
– volume: 14
  start-page: 105
  issue: 2
  year: 2006
  end-page: 123
  ident: CR27
  article-title: Comparing backhauling strategies in vehicle routing using ant colony optimization
  publication-title: Central European Journal of Operations Research
  doi: 10.1007/s10100-006-0163-8
– ident: CR6
– volume: 113
  start-page: 469
  year: 1999
  end-page: 499
  ident: CR38
  article-title: Guided local search and its application to the traveling salesman problem
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00099-X
– year: 2005
  ident: CR11
  publication-title: L’optimisation par essaim prticulaire
– start-page: 255
  year: 2005
  end-page: 258
  ident: CR24
  publication-title: A hybrid particle swarm optimization model for the traveling salesman problem
– ident: CR8
– volume: 7
  start-page: 607
  issue: 4
  year: 2006
  end-page: 614
  ident: CR9
  article-title: Hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm for capacitated vehicle routing problem
  publication-title: Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A
  doi: 10.1631/jzus.2006.A0607
– volume: 20
  start-page: 29
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  end-page: 42
  ident: CR23
  article-title: A heuristic method for the vehicle routing problem with backhauls and inventory
  publication-title: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-008-0101-9
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1153
  year: 1999
  end-page: 1173
  ident: CR15
  article-title: A tabu search heuristic for the heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem
  publication-title: Computers and Operations Research
  doi: 10.1016/S0305-0548(98)00100-2
– ident: CR42
– start-page: 155
  year: 2009
  end-page: 171
  ident: CR28
  publication-title: A hybrid algorithm for vehicle routing of less-than-truckload carriers
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1034
  issue: 10
  year: 1999
  end-page: 1042
  ident: CR30
  article-title: A cluster insertion heuristic for single and multiple depot vehicle routing problems with backhauling
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– ident: CR19
– volume: 37
  start-page: 138
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  end-page: 154
  ident: CR44
  article-title: A visual interactive approach to classical and mixed vehicle routing problems with backhauls
  publication-title: Omega
  doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2006.11.001
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1693
  issue: 4
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1702
  ident: CR3
  article-title: A particle swarm optimization for the vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery
  publication-title: Computers and Operations Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2008.04.003
– volume: 177
  start-page: 1248
  issue: 5
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1264
  ident: CR14
  article-title: Exchange strategy for multiple ant colony system
  publication-title: Information Sciences
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2006.09.016
– volume: 2
  start-page: 50
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  end-page: 55
  ident: CR1
  article-title: A particle swarm optimization for the capacitated vehicle routing problem
  publication-title: Logistics and Supply Chain Management Systems,
– ident: CR17
– volume: 22
  start-page: 916
  issue: 6
  year: 2009
  end-page: 928
  ident: CR26
  article-title: Two memetic algorithms for heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problems
  publication-title: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
  doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2008.10.006
– ident: CR13
– year: 1989
  ident: CR16
  publication-title: Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning
– ident: CR32
– start-page: 1942
  year: 1995
  end-page: 1948
  ident: CR18
  publication-title: Particle swarm optimization
– volume: 201
  start-page: 593
  issue: 2
  year: 2010
  end-page: 600
  ident: CR43
  article-title: An interactive GRAMPS algorithm for the heterogeneous fixed fleet vehicle routing problem with and without backhauls
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2009.03.044
– volume: 58
  start-page: 21
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  end-page: 51
  ident: CR25
  article-title: A survey on pick up and delivery problems: Part I: Transportation between customers and depot
  publication-title: Journal fur Betriebswirtschaft
  doi: 10.1007/s11301-008-0033-7
– ident: CR5
– volume: 41
  start-page: 127
  issue: 3
  year: 2003
  end-page: 136
  ident: CR34
  article-title: The single-vehicle routing problem with unrestricted backhauls
  publication-title: Networks
  doi: 10.1002/net.10067
– volume: 53
  start-page: 768
  issue: 7
  year: 2002
  end-page: 782
  ident: CR40
  article-title: Tabu search variants for the mix fleet vehicle routing problem
  publication-title: Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601344
– ident: CR7
– volume: 23
  start-page: 79
  year: 2001
  end-page: 96
  ident: CR12
  article-title: Vehicle routing and reverse logistics: The vehicle routing problem with simultaneous delivery and pick-up
  publication-title: Operations Research Spectrum
  doi: 10.1007/PL00013346
– volume: 35
  start-page: 254
  year: 1987
  end-page: 265
  ident: CR33
  article-title: Algorithms for the vehicle routing and scheduling problem with time windows constraints
  publication-title: Operation Research
  doi: 10.1287/opre.35.2.254
– year: 2009
  ident: CR35
  publication-title: Metaheuristics: From design to implementation
– ident: CR41
– ident: CR20
– volume: 12
  start-page: 497
  issue: 5–6
  year: 2001
  end-page: 508
  ident: CR21
  article-title: A tabu search heuristic for the single vehicle pickup and delivery problem with time windows
  publication-title: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
  doi: 10.1023/A:1012204504849
– ident: 627_CR10
– ident: 627_CR6
  doi: 10.1109/IPDPSW.2010.5470702
– volume: 37
  start-page: 138
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  ident: 627_CR44
  publication-title: Omega
  doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2006.11.001
– volume: 14
  start-page: 105
  issue: 2
  year: 2006
  ident: 627_CR27
  publication-title: Central European Journal of Operations Research
  doi: 10.1007/s10100-006-0163-8
– ident: 627_CR42
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-009-0368-5
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1153
  year: 1999
  ident: 627_CR15
  publication-title: Computers and Operations Research
  doi: 10.1016/S0305-0548(98)00100-2
– volume-title: Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning
  year: 1989
  ident: 627_CR16
– volume: 17
  start-page: 365
  year: 2007
  ident: 627_CR29
  publication-title: Zeitschrift Planung and Unternehmenssteuerung
  doi: 10.1007/s00187-006-0008-6
– volume: 33
  start-page: 595
  issue: 3
  year: 2006
  ident: 627_CR36
  publication-title: Computers and Operations Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2004.07.009
– ident: 627_CR39
– ident: 627_CR17
  doi: 10.1109/SCIS.2009.4927022
– volume: 12
  start-page: 497
  issue: 5–6
  year: 2001
  ident: 627_CR21
  publication-title: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
  doi: 10.1023/A:1012204504849
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1034
  issue: 10
  year: 1999
  ident: 627_CR30
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600808
– start-page: 255
  volume-title: A hybrid particle swarm optimization model for the traveling salesman problem
  year: 2005
  ident: 627_CR24
– volume: 35
  start-page: 254
  year: 1987
  ident: 627_CR33
  publication-title: Operation Research
  doi: 10.1287/opre.35.2.254
– ident: 627_CR5
  doi: 10.1109/IPDPSW.2010.5470702
– volume: 103
  start-page: 169
  year: 2007
  ident: 627_CR31
  publication-title: Information Processing Letters
  doi: 10.1016/j.ipl.2007.03.010
– volume-title: Metaheuristics: From design to implementation
  year: 2009
  ident: 627_CR35
  doi: 10.1002/9780470496916
– ident: 627_CR19
  doi: 10.1109/ICSMC.1997.637339
– volume: 53
  start-page: 768
  issue: 7
  year: 2002
  ident: 627_CR40
  publication-title: Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601344
– ident: 627_CR32
– volume: 56
  start-page: 380
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  ident: 627_CR2
  publication-title: Computers and Industrial Engineering
  doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2008.06.012
– volume: 41
  start-page: 127
  issue: 3
  year: 2003
  ident: 627_CR34
  publication-title: Networks
  doi: 10.1002/net.10067
– volume-title: L’optimisation par essaim prticulaire
  year: 2005
  ident: 627_CR11
– volume: 20
  start-page: 29
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  ident: 627_CR23
  publication-title: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-008-0101-9
– volume: 2
  start-page: 50
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: 627_CR1
  publication-title: Logistics and Supply Chain Management Systems,
– ident: 627_CR41
  doi: 10.1109/WIIAT.2008.103
– volume: 22
  start-page: 916
  issue: 6
  year: 2009
  ident: 627_CR26
  publication-title: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
  doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2008.10.006
– volume: 113
  start-page: 469
  year: 1999
  ident: 627_CR38
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00099-X
– volume: 201
  start-page: 593
  issue: 2
  year: 2010
  ident: 627_CR43
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2009.03.044
– start-page: 155
  volume-title: A hybrid algorithm for vehicle routing of less-than-truckload carriers
  year: 2009
  ident: 627_CR28
– ident: 627_CR22
– volume: 23
  start-page: 79
  year: 2001
  ident: 627_CR12
  publication-title: Operations Research Spectrum
  doi: 10.1007/PL00013346
– ident: 627_CR45
– ident: 627_CR8
– ident: 627_CR4
– ident: 627_CR37
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-010-0427-y
– start-page: 1942
  volume-title: Particle swarm optimization
  year: 1995
  ident: 627_CR18
– ident: 627_CR13
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-009-0311-9
– volume: 177
  start-page: 1248
  issue: 5
  year: 2007
  ident: 627_CR14
  publication-title: Information Sciences
  doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2006.09.016
– ident: 627_CR20
  doi: 10.1007/s10845-010-0455-7
– volume: 5
  start-page: 1693
  issue: 4
  year: 2009
  ident: 627_CR3
  publication-title: Computers and Operations Research
– volume: 58
  start-page: 21
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: 627_CR25
  publication-title: Journal fur Betriebswirtschaft
  doi: 10.1007/s11301-008-0033-7
– ident: 627_CR7
  doi: 10.1109/IPDPSW.2010.5470702
– volume: 7
  start-page: 607
  issue: 4
  year: 2006
  ident: 627_CR9
  publication-title: Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A
  doi: 10.1631/jzus.2006.A0607
SSID ssj0009861
Score 2.2961063
Snippet Today, companies need to collect and to deliver goods from and to their depots and their customers. This problem is described as a Vehicle Routing Problem with...
SourceID hal
proquest
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 775
SubjectTerms Analysis
Benchmarks
Business and Management
Combinatorics
Computer Science
Control
Customers
Literature reviews
Machine learning
Machines
Manufacturing
Manufacturing execution systems
Mechatronics
Operations Research
Optimization
Optimization algorithms
Processes
Production
Robotics
Routing
Studies
Traveling salesman problem
Vehicles
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9NAEB616QUOPAoIQ0EL4gS1sNeP2AeECmoVIYgqRKXeVut91IjELrHTcuOvM7NZJwGJXnyIx3bimd39sjPzfQCv0nGR6kRWYVbpMsQlwIZlgYcoLzOdj6skcV1pX6b55Cz9dJ6d78B06IWhssphTnQTtW4V7ZG_RaRSEpNKnL-__BmSahRlVwcJDemlFfQ7RzG2C3ucmLFGsPfheHr6dUPDWzgGVce-h4bZkOdcNdMVKRWy8ZCoe8Pir5Vqt6Y6yS0Q-k_e1C1HJ_fgjseR7Gjl-PuwY5p9uDtoNDA_ZPfh9hbh4AP4feojhXXXcjFnLU4Yc9-JyeTsAn9wX88ZAlkm2ZWpnemiXVJtNPPaM4y2bllNZTQtRp9plx2zM2P6Qzb__stoVkn1o5bLWXfIZKMZqdfjNY1ur7uHcHZy_O3jJPQSDKFCpNaj80pZcW1jo3NVWpulNucaJ8lIOk7RMaUlZayNHWtNksFKxwWayNxGipc6eQSjpm3MY2DUvM4zY40iFBQlFdHOGJ5pxJClim0A0fC6hfL85CSTMRMbZmXykEAPCfKQKAJ4vb7kckXOcZPxS_Th2o5otSdHnwV9RjgQ_5ZmV3EAB4OLhR_MndiEXgAv1qdxGFJuRbr3LIioEbFAEvMA3gyhsXWL_32rJzc_8Cnc4k5_gyoOD2DUL5bmGaKgvnruQ_sPBVwC_A
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Particle swarm optimization algorithm for a vehicle routing problem with heterogeneous fleet, mixed backhauls, and time windows
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10845-012-0627-8
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1399494916
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1506362312
https://utt.hal.science/hal-02501045
Volume 24
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVEBS
  databaseName: Inspec with Full Text
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1572-8145
  dateEnd: 20241105
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0009861
  issn: 0956-5515
  databaseCode: ADMLS
  dateStart: 20080201
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.ebsco.com/products/research-databases/inspec-full-text
  providerName: EBSCOhost
– providerCode: PRVLSH
  databaseName: SpringerLink Journals
  customDbUrl:
  mediaType: online
  eissn: 1572-8145
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0009861
  issn: 0956-5515
  databaseCode: AFBBN
  dateStart: 19970101
  isFulltext: true
  providerName: Library Specific Holdings
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518
  eissn: 1572-8145
  dateEnd: 20171231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0009861
  issn: 0956-5515
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 19970101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Technology Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1572-8145
  dateEnd: 20241105
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0009861
  issn: 0956-5515
  databaseCode: 8FG
  dateStart: 19970101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVAVX
  databaseName: SpringerLINK - Czech Republic Consortium
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1572-8145
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0009861
  issn: 0956-5515
  databaseCode: AGYKE
  dateStart: 19970101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://link.springer.com
  providerName: Springer Nature
– providerCode: PRVAVX
  databaseName: SpringerLink Journals (ICM)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1572-8145
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0009861
  issn: 0956-5515
  databaseCode: U2A
  dateStart: 19970101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://www.springerlink.com/journals/
  providerName: Springer Nature
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3fb9MwED7R7gUeGAwQgVEZxBMsU343eSzQroJtmmCVxlPkxDaZ1iaoSTbEC_86d67TlQmQ9pJI8Tlx7LP9JXf3HcDrYBgHwueZHWYisXELUHYS48GJklBEw8z3dVTa0XE0nQUfz8IzE8ddd97unUlSr9QbwW5xQI5mnk3Uunbcgy1Nt9WHrdHB10_ja67dWNOkaoo9BARhZ8z8203-2I56BTlDbiDNG8ZRvedMtuG0a-3K1eRiv22y_fznDSLHW77OA7hvMCgbrZTmIdyR5Q5sd_kdmJnuO3Bvg6zwEfw6MVrG6iu-XLAKF5uFieJkfP6tWp43xYIhCGacXcpCiy6rlvyqmclbw-i3LyvIBadCzZVVWzM1l7LZY4vzH1KwjOcXBW_n9R7jpWD4BIl1SlFd1Y9hNhmfvp_aJn2DnSPKa3DgE555QrlSRHmiVBioyBO4wDpc85EOyaTJXSHVUAhKN5wLN0YRHikn9xLhP4F-WZXyKTAKfPdCqWROCMrxM6KskV4oEH8muasscLpRTHPDbU4pNubpNSszdXeK3Z1Sd6exBW_WVb6viD3-J_wKVWMtR5Tc09FhStcIQ-InbXjpWrDbaU5qFoI6RYCdEAGQG1nwcl2MU5jsMlz3c0okj4gjfNez4G2nLBu3-Fernt1K-jnc9XQqD3Je3IV-s2zlCwRUTTaAXjw5GOA0-nB0-GVgphOe342PTz5j6cwb_QYh_xqv
linkProvider Springer Nature
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwEB71cYAeeBQQgQIGwQUakTiPTQ4VKtBqS7erCrVSb8aJnQaxm5TNbhdO_DN-GzNeZ3dBordeckjsxPJMxp89M98AvAw7SagCmblRplIXl4DCTRO8eHEaqbiTBYHJSjvqx93T8NNZdLYCv9tcGAqrbG2iMdSqzumM_C0ilZSYVPz43cV3l6pGkXe1LaEhbWkFtWMoxmxix6H-OcUtXLNz8BHl_Yrz_b2TD13XVhlwcwQjYxxfKjOuCl-rOE-LIgqLmCu0A540tJkd8rxJX-mioxRVxc2Vn2ATGRdezlMV4HtXYT0MwhQ3f-vv9_rHnxe0v4lhbDVsfziwqPWrzpL3kpAC57hLVMFu8tfKuFpSXOYS6P3HT2uWv_07cMviVrY7U7S7sKKrTbjd1oRg1kRswsYSweE9-HVsNZM1UzkashoN1NBmfjI5OMcJHpdDhsCZSXapS9N0VE8oFpvZWjeMjopZSWE7NWq7ricNKwZaj7fZ8OsPrVgm82-lnAyabSYrxfALGvtUqp429-H0WoTxANaqutIPgVGyPI90oXNCXV6QEc2N5pFCzJrmfuGA1063yC0fOpXlGIgFkzNJSKCEBElIJA68nne5mJGBXNX4Bcpw3o5ovLu7PUH3CHfiNji69B3YakUsrPFoxELVHXg-f4y_PflypJlnQcSQiD0CnzvwplWNpVf8b1SPrv7gM7jRPTnqid5B__Ax3OSm9gdFO27B2ng00U8QgY2zp1bNGXy57j_rD2I8QAI
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwEB61RUJw4FFABAoYBBdo1MR5HxCqKMuWlqoHKvVmnNgmiN2kbLJdOPG_-HXMeJPdBYneeskhsZ3IMx5_zsx8A_A8TNJQBTJ3o1xlLm4Bxs1SvHhxFqk4yYPAZqV9PIqHJ-GH0-h0DX73uTAUVtnbRGuoVV3QP_IdRCoZMan48Y7pwiKO9wZvzr67VEGKPK19OY25ihzonzM8vjWv9_dQ1i84H7z79HbodhUG3AKBSIvflsmcK-NrFReZMVFoYq7QBnjSUmYm5HWTvtImUYoq4hbKT7GJjI1X8EwFOO46XEmIxZ2y1Afvl4S_qeVqtTx_iEqi3qM6T9tLQwqZ4y6RBLvpX3viekkRmStw9x8Prd34BrfgRodY2e5cxW7Dmq424WZfDYJ1xmETrq9QG96BX8edTrJmJidjVqNpGnc5n0yOvuB0tuWYIWRmkp3r0jad1FOKwmZdlRtGP4lZSQE7Neq5rqcNMyOt2202_vpDK5bL4lspp6Nmm8lKMXyDxj6VqmfNXTi5FFHcg42qrvR9YJQmzyNtdEF4ywtyIrjRPFKIVrPCNw54_XSLomNCp4IcI7HkcCYJCZSQIAmJ1IGXiy5ncxqQixo_Qxku2hGB93D3UNA9Qpx4AI7OfQe2ehGLzmw0YqnkDjxdPMYFT14caedZECUkoo7A5w686lVjZYj_fdWDi1_4BK7iehKH-0cHD-Eat0U_KMxxCzbayVQ_QujV5o-tjjP4fNmL6g-XeD2c
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Particle+swarm+optimization+algorithm+for+a+vehicle+routing+problem+with+heterogeneous+fleet%2C+mixed+backhauls%2C+and+time+windows&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+intelligent+manufacturing&rft.au=Belmecheri%2C+Farah&rft.au=Prins%2C+Christian&rft.au=Yalaoui%2C+Farouk&rft.au=Amodeo%2C+Lionel&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.issn=0956-5515&rft.eissn=1572-8145&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=775&rft.epage=789&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10845-012-0627-8&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0956-5515&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0956-5515&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0956-5515&client=summon