Unpopularity Factor in the Marriage and Roommates Problems
Given a set A of n people, with each person having a preference list that ranks a subset of A as his/her acceptable partners in order of preference, we consider the Roommates Problem ( rp ) and the Marriage Problem ( mp ) of matching people with their partners. In rp there is no further restriction,...
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          | Published in | Theory of computing systems Vol. 65; no. 3; pp. 579 - 592 | 
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , | 
| Format | Journal Article | 
| Language | English | 
| Published | 
        New York
          Springer US
    
        01.04.2021
     Springer Nature B.V  | 
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text | 
| ISSN | 1432-4350 1433-0490  | 
| DOI | 10.1007/s00224-020-09978-5 | 
Cover
| Abstract | Given a set
A
of
n
people, with each person having a
preference list
that ranks a subset of
A
as his/her acceptable partners in order of preference, we consider the
Roommates Problem
(
rp
) and the
Marriage Problem
(
mp
) of matching people with their partners. In
rp
there is no further restriction, while in
mp
only people of opposite genders can be acceptable partners. For a pair of matchings
X
and
Y
, let
ϕ
(
X
,
Y
) denote the number of people who prefer a person they get matched by
X
to a person they get matched by
Y
, and define an
unpopularity factor
u
(
M
) of a matching
M
to be the maximum ratio
ϕ
(
M
′
,
M
)
/
ϕ
(
M
,
M
′
)
among all other possible matchings
M
′
. In this paper, we develop an algorithm to compute the unpopularity factor of a given matching in
O
(
m
n
log
2
n
)
time for
rp
and in
O
(
m
n
log
n
)
time for
mp
, where
m
is the total length of people’s preference lists. We also generalize the notion of unpopularity factor to a weighted setting where people are given different voting weights and show that our algorithm can be slightly modified to support that setting with the same running time. | 
    
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Given a set
A
of
n
people, with each person having a
preference list
that ranks a subset of
A
as his/her acceptable partners in order of preference, we consider the
Roommates Problem
(
rp
) and the
Marriage Problem
(
mp
) of matching people with their partners. In
rp
there is no further restriction, while in
mp
only people of opposite genders can be acceptable partners. For a pair of matchings
X
and
Y
, let
ϕ
(
X
,
Y
) denote the number of people who prefer a person they get matched by
X
to a person they get matched by
Y
, and define an
unpopularity factor
u
(
M
) of a matching
M
to be the maximum ratio
ϕ
(
M
′
,
M
)
/
ϕ
(
M
,
M
′
)
among all other possible matchings
M
′
. In this paper, we develop an algorithm to compute the unpopularity factor of a given matching in
O
(
m
n
log
2
n
)
time for
rp
and in
O
(
m
n
log
n
)
time for
mp
, where
m
is the total length of people’s preference lists. We also generalize the notion of unpopularity factor to a weighted setting where people are given different voting weights and show that our algorithm can be slightly modified to support that setting with the same running time. Given a set A of n people, with each person having a preference list that ranks a subset of A as his/her acceptable partners in order of preference, we consider the Roommates Problem (rp) and the Marriage Problem (mp) of matching people with their partners. In rp there is no further restriction, while in mp only people of opposite genders can be acceptable partners. For a pair of matchings X and Y, let ϕ(X,Y ) denote the number of people who prefer a person they get matched by X to a person they get matched by Y, and define an unpopularity factoru(M) of a matching M to be the maximum ratio ϕ(M′,M)/ϕ(M,M′) among all other possible matchings M′. In this paper, we develop an algorithm to compute the unpopularity factor of a given matching in O(mnlog2n) time for rp and in O(mnlogn) time for mp, where m is the total length of people’s preference lists. We also generalize the notion of unpopularity factor to a weighted setting where people are given different voting weights and show that our algorithm can be slightly modified to support that setting with the same running time.  | 
    
| Author | Ruangwises, Suthee Itoh, Toshiya  | 
    
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| Keywords | Marriage problem Roommates problem Popular matching Perfect matching Unpopularity factor  | 
    
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| References_xml | – ident: CR18 – ident: CR4 – volume: 14 start-page: 8:1 issue: 1 year: 2018 end-page: 8:35 ident: CR7 article-title: Scaling Algorithms for Weighted Matching in General Graphs publication-title: ACM Trans. Algorithm. doi: 10.1145/3155301 – ident: CR14 – volume: 95 start-page: 364 issue: 2 year: 2005 end-page: 367 ident: CR1 article-title: The New York City high school match publication-title: Amer. Econ. Rev. doi: 10.1257/000282805774670167 – ident: CR12 – volume: 24 start-page: 494 issue: 3 year: 1995 end-page: 504 ident: CR11 article-title: Scaling algorithms for the shortest paths problem publication-title: SIAM J. Comput. doi: 10.1137/S0097539792231179 – volume: 69 start-page: 9 year: 1962 end-page: 15 ident: CR9 article-title: College admissions and the stability of marriage publication-title: Am. Math. Mon. doi: 10.1080/00029890.1962.11989827 – ident: CR6 – volume: 8 start-page: 102 issue: 2 year: 2010 end-page: 116 ident: CR19 article-title: Popular matchings in the weighted capacitated house allocation problem publication-title: J Discret. Algorithm. doi: 10.1016/j.jda.2008.11.008 – ident: CR8 – ident: CR25 – ident: CR23 – volume: 20 start-page: 166 year: 1975 end-page: 173 ident: CR10 article-title: Match making: assignments based on bilateral preferences publication-title: Behav. Sci. doi: 10.1002/bs.3830200304 – ident: CR21 – volume: 23 start-page: 815 issue: 5 year: 2019 end-page: 835 ident: CR24 article-title: Random Popular Matchings with Incomplete Preference Lists publication-title: J. Graph Algorithm. Appl. doi: 10.7155/jgaa.00513 – ident: CR3 – ident: CR15 – volume: 92 start-page: 991 issue: 6 year: 1984 end-page: 1016 ident: CR22 article-title: The evolution of the labor market for medical interns and residents: a case study in game theory publication-title: J. Polit. Econ. doi: 10.1086/261272 – ident: CR17 – ident: CR13 – volume: 95 start-page: 368 issue: 2 year: 2005 end-page: 371 ident: CR2 article-title: The Boston public school match publication-title: Amer. Econ. Rev. doi: 10.1257/000282805774669637 – volume: 6 start-page: 577 year: 1985 end-page: 595 ident: CR16 article-title: An efficient algorithm for the “stable roommates” problem publication-title: J. Algorithm. doi: 10.1016/0196-6774(85)90033-1 – ident: CR5 – ident: CR20 – volume: 20 start-page: 166 year: 1975 ident: 9978_CR10 publication-title: Behav. Sci. doi: 10.1002/bs.3830200304 – ident: 9978_CR13 – ident: 9978_CR20 doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-78773-0_51 – ident: 9978_CR6 – ident: 9978_CR21 doi: 10.1007/11786986_62 – volume: 6 start-page: 577 year: 1985 ident: 9978_CR16 publication-title: J. Algorithm. doi: 10.1016/0196-6774(85)90033-1 – ident: 9978_CR8 doi: 10.1137/1.9781611975482.173 – ident: 9978_CR15 doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-69903-3_13 – volume: 23 start-page: 815 issue: 5 year: 2019 ident: 9978_CR24 publication-title: J. Graph Algorithm. Appl. doi: 10.7155/jgaa.00513 – volume: 92 start-page: 991 issue: 6 year: 1984 ident: 9978_CR22 publication-title: J. Polit. Econ. doi: 10.1086/261272 – ident: 9978_CR4 doi: 10.1007/11785293_9 – volume: 14 start-page: 8:1 issue: 1 year: 2018 ident: 9978_CR7 publication-title: ACM Trans. Algorithm. doi: 10.1145/3155301 – ident: 9978_CR25 doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-19955-5_29 – ident: 9978_CR3 – volume: 95 start-page: 364 issue: 2 year: 2005 ident: 9978_CR1 publication-title: Amer. Econ. Rev. doi: 10.1257/000282805774670167 – ident: 9978_CR17 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-02927-1_48 – ident: 9978_CR12 doi: 10.1137/1.9781611975482.174 – ident: 9978_CR14 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-23719-5_15 – volume: 95 start-page: 368 issue: 2 year: 2005 ident: 9978_CR2 publication-title: Amer. Econ. Rev. doi: 10.1257/000282805774669637 – volume: 24 start-page: 494 issue: 3 year: 1995 ident: 9978_CR11 publication-title: SIAM J. Comput. doi: 10.1137/S0097539792231179 – ident: 9978_CR18 doi: 10.1145/1134707.1134733 – volume: 8 start-page: 102 issue: 2 year: 2010 ident: 9978_CR19 publication-title: J Discret. Algorithm. doi: 10.1016/j.jda.2008.11.008 – volume: 69 start-page: 9 year: 1962 ident: 9978_CR9 publication-title: Am. Math. Mon. doi: 10.1080/00029890.1962.11989827 – ident: 9978_CR23 doi: 10.1017/CCOL052139015X – ident: 9978_CR5 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-13073-1_10  | 
    
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| Snippet | Given a set
A
of
n
people, with each person having a
preference list
that ranks a subset of
A
as his/her acceptable partners in order of preference, we... Given a set A of n people, with each person having a preference list that ranks a subset of A as his/her acceptable partners in order of preference, we...  | 
    
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| SubjectTerms | Algorithms Computer Science Matching Special Issue on Computer Science Symposium in Russia Theory of Computation  | 
    
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| Title | Unpopularity Factor in the Marriage and Roommates Problems | 
    
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