Changes in vastus lateralis fibre cross‐sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length do not predict changes in muscle cross‐sectional area
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Do changes in myofibre cross‐sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length predict vastus lateralis whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area changes following resistance training? What is the main finding and its importance? Changes in vastus l...
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| Published in | Experimental physiology Vol. 107; no. 11; pp. 1216 - 1224 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.11.2022
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0958-0670 1469-445X 1469-445X |
| DOI | 10.1113/EP090666 |
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| Abstract | New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Do changes in myofibre cross‐sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length predict vastus lateralis whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area changes following resistance training?
What is the main finding and its importance?
Changes in vastus lateralis mean myofibre cross‐sectional area, fascicle length and pennation angle following a period of resistance training did not collectively predict changes in whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area. Despite the limited sample size in this study, these data reiterate that it remains difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue‐level vastus lateralis muscle hypertrophy.
Myofibre hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue‐level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in pennate muscle, changes in myofibre cross‐sectional area (fCSA), fascicle length (Lf) and pennation angle (PA) likely coordinate changes in whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area (mCSA). Therefore, we determined if changes in fCSA, PA and Lf predicted vastus lateralis (VL) mCSA changes following RT. Thirteen untrained college‐aged males (23 ± 4 years old, 25.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2) completed 7 weeks of full‐body RT (twice weekly). Right leg VL ultrasound images and biopsies were obtained prior to (PRE) and 72 h following (POST) the last training bout. Regression was used to assess if training‐induced changes in mean fCSA, PA and Lf predicted VL mCSA changes. Correlations were also performed between PRE‐to‐POST changes in obtained variables. Mean fCSA (+18%), PA (+8%) and mCSA (+22%) increased following RT (P < 0.05), but not Lf (0.1%, P = 0.772). Changes in fCSA, Lf and PA did not collectively predict changes in mCSA (R2= 0.282, adjusted R2 = 0.013, F3,8 = 1.050, P = 0.422). Moderate negative correlations existed for percentage changes in PA and Lf (r = −0.548, P = 0.052) and changes in fCSA and Lf (r = −0.649, P = 0.022), and all other associations were weak (|r| < 0.500). Although increases in mean fCSA, PA and VL mCSA were observed, inter‐individual responses for each variable and limitations for each technique make it difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue‐level VL muscle hypertrophy. However, the small subject pool is a significant limitation, and more research in this area is needed. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Do changes in myofibre cross‐sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length predict vastus lateralis whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area changes following resistance training?
What is the main finding and its importance?
Changes in vastus lateralis mean myofibre cross‐sectional area, fascicle length and pennation angle following a period of resistance training did not collectively predict changes in whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area. Despite the limited sample size in this study, these data reiterate that it remains difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue‐level vastus lateralis muscle hypertrophy.
Myofibre hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue‐level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in pennate muscle, changes in myofibre cross‐sectional area (fCSA), fascicle length (Lf) and pennation angle (PA) likely coordinate changes in whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area (mCSA). Therefore, we determined if changes in fCSA, PA and Lf predicted vastus lateralis (VL) mCSA changes following RT. Thirteen untrained college‐aged males (23 ± 4 years old, 25.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2) completed 7 weeks of full‐body RT (twice weekly). Right leg VL ultrasound images and biopsies were obtained prior to (PRE) and 72 h following (POST) the last training bout. Regression was used to assess if training‐induced changes in mean fCSA, PA and Lf predicted VL mCSA changes. Correlations were also performed between PRE‐to‐POST changes in obtained variables. Mean fCSA (+18%), PA (+8%) and mCSA (+22%) increased following RT (P < 0.05), but not Lf (0.1%, P = 0.772). Changes in fCSA, Lf and PA did not collectively predict changes in mCSA (R2= 0.282, adjusted R2 = 0.013, F3,8 = 1.050, P = 0.422). Moderate negative correlations existed for percentage changes in PA and Lf (r = −0.548, P = 0.052) and changes in fCSA and Lf (r = −0.649, P = 0.022), and all other associations were weak (|r| < 0.500). Although increases in mean fCSA, PA and VL mCSA were observed, inter‐individual responses for each variable and limitations for each technique make it difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue‐level VL muscle hypertrophy. However, the small subject pool is a significant limitation, and more research in this area is needed. What is the central question of this study? Do changes in myofibre cross-sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length predict vastus lateralis whole-muscle cross-sectional area changes following resistance training? What is the main finding and its importance? Changes in vastus lateralis mean myofibre cross-sectional area, fascicle length and pennation angle following a period of resistance training did not collectively predict changes in whole-muscle cross-sectional area. Despite the limited sample size in this study, these data reiterate that it remains difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue-level vastus lateralis muscle hypertrophy.NEW FINDINGSWhat is the central question of this study? Do changes in myofibre cross-sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length predict vastus lateralis whole-muscle cross-sectional area changes following resistance training? What is the main finding and its importance? Changes in vastus lateralis mean myofibre cross-sectional area, fascicle length and pennation angle following a period of resistance training did not collectively predict changes in whole-muscle cross-sectional area. Despite the limited sample size in this study, these data reiterate that it remains difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue-level vastus lateralis muscle hypertrophy.Myofibre hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue-level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in pennate muscle, changes in myofibre cross-sectional area (fCSA), fascicle length (Lf ) and pennation angle (PA) likely coordinate changes in whole-muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA). Therefore, we determined if changes in fCSA, PA and Lf predicted vastus lateralis (VL) mCSA changes following RT. Thirteen untrained college-aged males (23 ± 4 years old, 25.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2 ) completed 7 weeks of full-body RT (twice weekly). Right leg VL ultrasound images and biopsies were obtained prior to (PRE) and 72 h following (POST) the last training bout. Regression was used to assess if training-induced changes in mean fCSA, PA and Lf predicted VL mCSA changes. Correlations were also performed between PRE-to-POST changes in obtained variables. Mean fCSA (+18%), PA (+8%) and mCSA (+22%) increased following RT (P < 0.05), but not Lf (0.1%, P = 0.772). Changes in fCSA, Lf and PA did not collectively predict changes in mCSA (R2 = 0.282, adjusted R2 = 0.013, F3,8 = 1.050, P = 0.422). Moderate negative correlations existed for percentage changes in PA and Lf (r = -0.548, P = 0.052) and changes in fCSA and Lf (r = -0.649, P = 0.022), and all other associations were weak (|r| < 0.500). Although increases in mean fCSA, PA and VL mCSA were observed, inter-individual responses for each variable and limitations for each technique make it difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue-level VL muscle hypertrophy. However, the small subject pool is a significant limitation, and more research in this area is needed.ABSTRACTMyofibre hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue-level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in pennate muscle, changes in myofibre cross-sectional area (fCSA), fascicle length (Lf ) and pennation angle (PA) likely coordinate changes in whole-muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA). Therefore, we determined if changes in fCSA, PA and Lf predicted vastus lateralis (VL) mCSA changes following RT. Thirteen untrained college-aged males (23 ± 4 years old, 25.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2 ) completed 7 weeks of full-body RT (twice weekly). Right leg VL ultrasound images and biopsies were obtained prior to (PRE) and 72 h following (POST) the last training bout. Regression was used to assess if training-induced changes in mean fCSA, PA and Lf predicted VL mCSA changes. Correlations were also performed between PRE-to-POST changes in obtained variables. Mean fCSA (+18%), PA (+8%) and mCSA (+22%) increased following RT (P < 0.05), but not Lf (0.1%, P = 0.772). Changes in fCSA, Lf and PA did not collectively predict changes in mCSA (R2 = 0.282, adjusted R2 = 0.013, F3,8 = 1.050, P = 0.422). Moderate negative correlations existed for percentage changes in PA and Lf (r = -0.548, P = 0.052) and changes in fCSA and Lf (r = -0.649, P = 0.022), and all other associations were weak (|r| < 0.500). Although increases in mean fCSA, PA and VL mCSA were observed, inter-individual responses for each variable and limitations for each technique make it difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue-level VL muscle hypertrophy. However, the small subject pool is a significant limitation, and more research in this area is needed. Myofiber hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue-level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in pennate muscle, changes in myofiber cross-sectional area (fCSA), fascicle length (Lf), and pennation angle (PA) likely coordinate changes in whole-muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA). Therefore, we determined if changes in fCSA, PA, and Lf predicted vastus lateralis (VL) mCSA changes following RT. Thirteen untrained college-aged males (23±4 years old, 25.4±5.2 kg/m2) completed seven weeks of full-body RT (twice weekly). Right leg VL ultrasound images and biopsies were obtained prior to (PRE) and 72 hours following the last training bout (POST). Regression was used to assess if training-induced changes in mean fCSA, PA, and Lf predicted VL mCSA changes. Correlations were also performed between PRE-to-POST changes in obtained variables. Mean fCSA (+18%), PA (+8%), and mCSA (+22%) increased following RT (p<0.05), but not Lf (0.1%, p=0.772). Changes in fCSA, Lf and PA did not collectively predict changes in mCSA (R2 = 0.282, adjusted R2 =0.013, F3,8 = 1.050, p=0.422). Moderate negative correlations existed for percentage changes in PA and Lf (r=−0.548, p=0.052) and changes in fCSA and Lf (r=−0.649, p=0.022), and all other associations were weak (|r|<0.500). Although increases in mean fCSA, PA, and VL mCSA were observed, inter-individual responses for each variable and technique limitations make it difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue-level VL muscle hypertrophy. However, the small subject pool is a significant limitation which warrants more research in this area. Myofibre hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue‐level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in pennate muscle, changes in myofibre cross‐sectional area (fCSA), fascicle length (Lf) and pennation angle (PA) likely coordinate changes in whole‐muscle cross‐sectional area (mCSA). Therefore, we determined if changes in fCSA, PA and Lf predicted vastus lateralis (VL) mCSA changes following RT. Thirteen untrained college‐aged males (23 ± 4 years old, 25.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2) completed 7 weeks of full‐body RT (twice weekly). Right leg VL ultrasound images and biopsies were obtained prior to (PRE) and 72 h following (POST) the last training bout. Regression was used to assess if training‐induced changes in mean fCSA, PA and Lf predicted VL mCSA changes. Correlations were also performed between PRE‐to‐POST changes in obtained variables. Mean fCSA (+18%), PA (+8%) and mCSA (+22%) increased following RT (P < 0.05), but not Lf (0.1%, P = 0.772). Changes in fCSA, Lf and PA did not collectively predict changes in mCSA (R2= 0.282, adjusted R2 = 0.013, F3,8 = 1.050, P = 0.422). Moderate negative correlations existed for percentage changes in PA and Lf (r = −0.548, P = 0.052) and changes in fCSA and Lf (r = −0.649, P = 0.022), and all other associations were weak (|r| < 0.500). Although increases in mean fCSA, PA and VL mCSA were observed, inter‐individual responses for each variable and limitations for each technique make it difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue‐level VL muscle hypertrophy. However, the small subject pool is a significant limitation, and more research in this area is needed. |
| Author | Osburn, Shelby C. Sexton, Casey L. Ruple, Bradley A. Mesquita, Paulo. H. C. Godwin, Joshua S. McIntosh, Mason C. Roberts, Michael D. Libardi, Cleiton A. Kavazis, Andreas N. Young, Kaelin C. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA 2 Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil 1 School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil – name: 3 Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA – name: 1 School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bradley A. surname: Ruple fullname: Ruple, Bradley A. organization: Auburn University – sequence: 2 givenname: Paulo. H. C. surname: Mesquita fullname: Mesquita, Paulo. H. C. organization: Auburn University – sequence: 3 givenname: Joshua S. surname: Godwin fullname: Godwin, Joshua S. organization: Auburn University – sequence: 4 givenname: Casey L. surname: Sexton fullname: Sexton, Casey L. organization: Auburn University – sequence: 5 givenname: Shelby C. surname: Osburn fullname: Osburn, Shelby C. organization: Auburn University – sequence: 6 givenname: Mason C. surname: McIntosh fullname: McIntosh, Mason C. organization: Auburn University – sequence: 7 givenname: Andreas N. surname: Kavazis fullname: Kavazis, Andreas N. organization: Auburn University – sequence: 8 givenname: Cleiton A. orcidid: 0000-0002-9003-7610 surname: Libardi fullname: Libardi, Cleiton A. organization: Federal University of São Carlos – sequence: 9 givenname: Kaelin C. surname: Young fullname: Young, Kaelin C. organization: Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine – sequence: 10 givenname: Michael D. orcidid: 0000-0002-7359-5362 surname: Roberts fullname: Roberts, Michael D. email: mdr0024@auburn.edu organization: Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine |
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| Notes | Handling Editor: Damian Bailey ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Author Contributions B. A. Ruple and M. D. Roberts conceived the idea for this secondary analysis. P.H.C. Mesquita recruited participants and coordinated training sessions and data collections as part of hist PhD dissertation work. B. A. Ruple, J. S. Godwin, C. L. Sexton, S. C. Osburn, and M. C. McIntosh performed training sessions and data collections. C. A. Libardi, K. C. Young, and A. N. Kavazis were critically involved in data interpretation. B. A. Ruple, C. A. Libardi, and M. D. Roberts primarily drafted the manuscript, all co-authors provided feedback as well as intellectual contributions, and all co-authors approved the final version of this manuscript. |
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| References | 2007; 39 2022; 133 2018; 28 1995; 72 1897; 150 2015; 4 2015; 3 2010; 108 2019; 10 2018; 223 2018; 124 2008; 38 2019; 14 1964; 63 2008; 104 2012; 38 2014; 210 2014; 44 1990; 60 2016; 5 2021; 13 2006; 42 2021; 12 2003; 227 1991; 26 2009; 94 2000; 55 2000; 30 2020; 9 2005; 568 2010; 110 2016; 310 1992; 24 2021; 131 2003; 28 2016; 216 2015 1988; 84 2022; 32 1975; 7 2004; 558 2020; 318 2001; 535 2001; 534 e_1_2_9_30_1 Haff G. G. (e_1_2_9_19_1) 2015 e_1_2_9_11_1 e_1_2_9_34_1 e_1_2_9_10_1 e_1_2_9_35_1 e_1_2_9_13_1 e_1_2_9_32_1 e_1_2_9_12_1 e_1_2_9_33_1 Morpurgo B. (e_1_2_9_31_1) 1897; 150 e_1_2_9_15_1 e_1_2_9_38_1 e_1_2_9_14_1 e_1_2_9_39_1 e_1_2_9_17_1 e_1_2_9_36_1 e_1_2_9_37_1 e_1_2_9_18_1 e_1_2_9_41_1 e_1_2_9_42_1 e_1_2_9_20_1 e_1_2_9_40_1 e_1_2_9_22_1 e_1_2_9_45_1 e_1_2_9_21_1 e_1_2_9_46_1 e_1_2_9_24_1 e_1_2_9_43_1 e_1_2_9_23_1 e_1_2_9_44_1 e_1_2_9_8_1 e_1_2_9_7_1 e_1_2_9_6_1 e_1_2_9_5_1 e_1_2_9_4_1 e_1_2_9_3_1 e_1_2_9_2_1 Goldberg A. L. (e_1_2_9_16_1) 1975; 7 e_1_2_9_9_1 e_1_2_9_26_1 e_1_2_9_25_1 e_1_2_9_28_1 e_1_2_9_27_1 e_1_2_9_29_1 |
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What is the central question of this study?
Do changes in myofibre cross‐sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length predict vastus... Myofibre hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue‐level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in... What is the central question of this study? Do changes in myofibre cross-sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length predict vastus lateralis... Myofiber hypertrophy during resistance training (RT) poorly associates with tissue-level surrogates of hypertrophy. However, it is underappreciated that, in... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adaptation Biopsy histology Hypertrophy muscle Physical training resistance training ultrasound |
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| Title | Changes in vastus lateralis fibre cross‐sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length do not predict changes in muscle cross‐sectional area |
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