Observational and Genetic Evidence for Bidirectional Effects Between Red Blood Cell Traits and Diastolic Blood Pressure
Abstract BACKGROUND Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell (RBC) traits (hemoglobin and RBC count) with blood pressure; whether these associations are causal is unknown. METHODS We performed cross-sectional analyses in the Lifelines Cohort Study (n = 167,785). Additionally, we pe...
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| Published in | American journal of hypertension Vol. 36; no. 10; pp. 551 - 560 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
US
Oxford University Press
15.09.2023
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0895-7061 1941-7225 1941-7225 |
| DOI | 10.1093/ajh/hpad061 |
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| Abstract | Abstract
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell (RBC) traits (hemoglobin and RBC count) with blood pressure; whether these associations are causal is unknown.
METHODS
We performed cross-sectional analyses in the Lifelines Cohort Study (n = 167,785). Additionally, we performed bidirectional 2 sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the causal effect of the 2 traits on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), using genetic instrumental variables regarding hemoglobin and RBC identified in UK Biobank (n = 350,475) and International Consortium of Blood Pressure studies for SBP and DBP (n = 757,601).
RESULTS
In cross-sectional analyses, we observed positive associations with hypertension and blood pressure for both hemoglobin (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–1.20 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.11–0.12 for SBP; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10–0.11 for DBP, all per SD) and RBC (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.12–1.16 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10–0.12 for SBP; B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.08–0.09 for DBP, all per SD). MR analyses suggested that higher hemoglobin and RBC cause higher DBP (inverse-variance weighted B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.07–0.16 for hemoglobin; B = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04–0.10 for RBC, all per SD). Reverse MR analyses (all per SD) suggested causal effects of DBP on both hemoglobin (B = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.03–0.09) and RBC (B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.04–0.11). No significant effects on SBP were found.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest bidirectional causal relationships of hemoglobin and RBC with DBP, but not with SBP.
Graphical abstract
Graphical Abstract |
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| AbstractList | Graphical Abstract Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell traits (hemoglobin and red blood cell count, RBC) with blood pressure; whether these associations are causal is unknown. We performed cross-sectional analyses in the Lifelines Cohort Study (n=167,785). Additionally, we performed bidirectional two sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the causal effect of the two traits on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), using genetic instrumental variables regarding hemoglobin and RBC identified in UK Biobank (n=350,475) and International Consortium of Blood Pressure studies for SBP and DBP (n= 757,601). In cross-sectional analyses we observed positive associations with hypertension and blood pressure for both hemoglobin (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.20 for hypertension; B=0.11, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.12 for SBP; B=0.11, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.11 for DBP, all per SD) and RBC (OR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.16 for hypertension; B=0.11, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.12 for SBP; B=0.08, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.09 for DBP, all per SD). MR analyses suggested that higher hemoglobin and RBC cause higher DBP (inverse variance weighted [IVW] B=0.11, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.16 for hemoglobin; B=0.07, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.10 for RBC, all per SD). Reverse MR analyses (all per SD) suggested causal effects of DBP on both hemoglobin (B=0.06, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.09) and RBC (B=0.08, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.11). No significant effects on SBP were found. Our results suggest bidirectional causal relationships of hemoglobin and RBC with DBP, but not with SBP. Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell (RBC) traits (hemoglobin and RBC count) with blood pressure; whether these associations are causal is unknown.BACKGROUNDPrevious studies have found associations of red blood cell (RBC) traits (hemoglobin and RBC count) with blood pressure; whether these associations are causal is unknown.We performed cross-sectional analyses in the Lifelines Cohort Study (n = 167,785). Additionally, we performed bidirectional 2 sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the causal effect of the 2 traits on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), using genetic instrumental variables regarding hemoglobin and RBC identified in UK Biobank (n = 350,475) and International Consortium of Blood Pressure studies for SBP and DBP (n = 757,601).METHODSWe performed cross-sectional analyses in the Lifelines Cohort Study (n = 167,785). Additionally, we performed bidirectional 2 sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the causal effect of the 2 traits on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), using genetic instrumental variables regarding hemoglobin and RBC identified in UK Biobank (n = 350,475) and International Consortium of Blood Pressure studies for SBP and DBP (n = 757,601).In cross-sectional analyses, we observed positive associations with hypertension and blood pressure for both hemoglobin (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-1.20 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.11-0.12 for SBP; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10-0.11 for DBP, all per SD) and RBC (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.12-1.16 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10-0.12 for SBP; B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.08-0.09 for DBP, all per SD). MR analyses suggested that higher hemoglobin and RBC cause higher DBP (inverse-variance weighted B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.07-0.16 for hemoglobin; B = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04-0.10 for RBC, all per SD). Reverse MR analyses (all per SD) suggested causal effects of DBP on both hemoglobin (B = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.03-0.09) and RBC (B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.04-0.11). No significant effects on SBP were found.RESULTSIn cross-sectional analyses, we observed positive associations with hypertension and blood pressure for both hemoglobin (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-1.20 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.11-0.12 for SBP; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10-0.11 for DBP, all per SD) and RBC (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.12-1.16 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10-0.12 for SBP; B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.08-0.09 for DBP, all per SD). MR analyses suggested that higher hemoglobin and RBC cause higher DBP (inverse-variance weighted B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.07-0.16 for hemoglobin; B = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04-0.10 for RBC, all per SD). Reverse MR analyses (all per SD) suggested causal effects of DBP on both hemoglobin (B = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.03-0.09) and RBC (B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.04-0.11). No significant effects on SBP were found.Our results suggest bidirectional causal relationships of hemoglobin and RBC with DBP, but not with SBP.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest bidirectional causal relationships of hemoglobin and RBC with DBP, but not with SBP. Abstract BACKGROUND Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell (RBC) traits (hemoglobin and RBC count) with blood pressure; whether these associations are causal is unknown. METHODS We performed cross-sectional analyses in the Lifelines Cohort Study (n = 167,785). Additionally, we performed bidirectional 2 sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the causal effect of the 2 traits on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), using genetic instrumental variables regarding hemoglobin and RBC identified in UK Biobank (n = 350,475) and International Consortium of Blood Pressure studies for SBP and DBP (n = 757,601). RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses, we observed positive associations with hypertension and blood pressure for both hemoglobin (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–1.20 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.11–0.12 for SBP; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10–0.11 for DBP, all per SD) and RBC (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.12–1.16 for hypertension; B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.10–0.12 for SBP; B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.08–0.09 for DBP, all per SD). MR analyses suggested that higher hemoglobin and RBC cause higher DBP (inverse-variance weighted B = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.07–0.16 for hemoglobin; B = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04–0.10 for RBC, all per SD). Reverse MR analyses (all per SD) suggested causal effects of DBP on both hemoglobin (B = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.03–0.09) and RBC (B = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.04–0.11). No significant effects on SBP were found. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest bidirectional causal relationships of hemoglobin and RBC with DBP, but not with SBP. Graphical abstract Graphical Abstract |
| Author | Thio, Chris H L He, Zhen Chen, Zekai Zhang, Qingying Snieder, Harold de Borst, Martin H |
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| Keywords | blood pressure red blood cell count Mendelian randomization hypertension hemoglobin |
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BACKGROUND
Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell (RBC) traits (hemoglobin and RBC count) with blood pressure; whether these... Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell traits (hemoglobin and red blood cell count, RBC) with blood pressure; whether these associations... Previous studies have found associations of red blood cell (RBC) traits (hemoglobin and RBC count) with blood pressure; whether these associations are causal... Graphical Abstract |
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| Title | Observational and Genetic Evidence for Bidirectional Effects Between Red Blood Cell Traits and Diastolic Blood Pressure |
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