Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children

Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including neuro-psychiatric diseases. This relationship between brain functionality and saliva composition could be exploited to unveil new pathological me...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 17; p. 6203
Main Authors Ragusa, Marco, Santagati, Maria, Mirabella, Federica, Lauretta, Giovanni, Cirnigliaro, Matilde, Brex, Duilia, Barbagallo, Cristina, Domini, Carla Noemi, Gulisano, Mariangela, Barone, Rita, Trovato, Laura, Oliveri, Salvatore, Mongelli, Gino, Spitale, Ambra, Barbagallo, Davide, Di Pietro, Cinzia, Stefani, Stefania, Rizzo, Renata, Purrello, Michele
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 27.08.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder - genetics
Autism Spectrum Disorder - microbiology
Autism Spectrum Disorder - psychology
Autistic children
Bacteria
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Case-Control Studies
Child
Communication
Female
Gene expression
Hematology
Humans
Male
Microbiota
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - economics
MicroRNAs - genetics
Phylogeny
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Saliva - chemistry
Saliva - microbiology
Taxonomy
ASD
oral microbiota
oral cavity
microRNA
TaqMan assays
Illumina
Nanostring
correlations
dysbiosis
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI10.3390/ijms21176203

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Abstract Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including neuro-psychiatric diseases. This relationship between brain functionality and saliva composition could be exploited to unveil new pathological mechanisms of elusive diseases, such as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We performed a combined approach of miRNA expression profiling by NanoString technology, followed by validation experiments in qPCR, and 16S rRNA microbiome analysis on saliva from 53 ASD and 27 neurologically unaffected control (NUC) children. MiR-29a-3p and miR-141-3p were upregulated, while miR-16-5p, let-7b-5p, and miR-451a were downregulated in ASD compared to NUCs. Microbiome analysis on the same subjects revealed that Rothia, Filifactor, Actinobacillus, Weeksellaceae, Ralstonia, Pasteurellaceae, and Aggregatibacter increased their abundance in ASD patients, while Tannerella, Moryella and TM7-3 decreased. Variations of both miRNAs and microbes were statistically associated to different neuropsychological scores related to anomalies in social interaction and communication. Among miRNA/bacteria associations, the most relevant was the negative correlation between salivary miR-141-3p expression and Tannerella abundance. MiRNA and microbiome dysregulations found in the saliva of ASD children are potentially associated with cognitive impairments of the subjects. Furthermore, a potential cross-talking between circulating miRNAs and resident bacteria could occur in saliva of ASD.
AbstractList Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including neuro-psychiatric diseases. This relationship between brain functionality and saliva composition could be exploited to unveil new pathological mechanisms of elusive diseases, such as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We performed a combined approach of miRNA expression profiling by NanoString technology, followed by validation experiments in qPCR, and 16S rRNA microbiome analysis on saliva from 53 ASD and 27 neurologically unaffected control (NUC) children. MiR-29a-3p and miR-141-3p were upregulated, while miR-16-5p, let-7b-5p, and miR-451a were downregulated in ASD compared to NUCs. Microbiome analysis on the same subjects revealed that Rothia, Filifactor, Actinobacillus, Weeksellaceae, Ralstonia, Pasteurellaceae, and Aggregatibacter increased their abundance in ASD patients, while Tannerella, Moryella and TM7-3 decreased. Variations of both miRNAs and microbes were statistically associated to different neuropsychological scores related to anomalies in social interaction and communication. Among miRNA/bacteria associations, the most relevant was the negative correlation between salivary miR-141-3p expression and Tannerella abundance. MiRNA and microbiome dysregulations found in the saliva of ASD children are potentially associated with cognitive impairments of the subjects. Furthermore, a potential cross-talking between circulating miRNAs and resident bacteria could occur in saliva of ASD.
Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including neuro-psychiatric diseases. This relationship between brain functionality and saliva composition could be exploited to unveil new pathological mechanisms of elusive diseases, such as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We performed a combined approach of miRNA expression profiling by NanoString technology, followed by validation experiments in qPCR, and 16S rRNA microbiome analysis on saliva from 53 ASD and 27 neurologically unaffected control (NUC) children. MiR-29a-3p and miR-141-3p were upregulated, while miR-16-5p, let-7b-5p, and miR-451a were downregulated in ASD compared to NUCs. Microbiome analysis on the same subjects revealed that , and increased their abundance in ASD patients, while and decreased. Variations of both miRNAs and microbes were statistically associated to different neuropsychological scores related to anomalies in social interaction and communication. Among miRNA/bacteria associations, the most relevant was the negative correlation between salivary miR-141-3p expression and abundance. MiRNA and microbiome dysregulations found in the saliva of ASD children are potentially associated with cognitive impairments of the subjects. Furthermore, a potential cross-talking between circulating miRNAs and resident bacteria could occur in saliva of ASD.
Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including neuro-psychiatric diseases. This relationship between brain functionality and saliva composition could be exploited to unveil new pathological mechanisms of elusive diseases, such as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We performed a combined approach of miRNA expression profiling by NanoString technology, followed by validation experiments in qPCR, and 16S rRNA microbiome analysis on saliva from 53 ASD and 27 neurologically unaffected control (NUC) children. MiR-29a-3p and miR-141-3p were upregulated, while miR-16-5p, let-7b-5p, and miR-451a were downregulated in ASD compared to NUCs. Microbiome analysis on the same subjects revealed that Rothia, Filifactor, Actinobacillus, Weeksellaceae, Ralstonia, Pasteurellaceae, and Aggregatibacter increased their abundance in ASD patients, while Tannerella, Moryella and TM7-3 decreased. Variations of both miRNAs and microbes were statistically associated to different neuropsychological scores related to anomalies in social interaction and communication. Among miRNA/bacteria associations, the most relevant was the negative correlation between salivary miR-141-3p expression and Tannerella abundance. MiRNA and microbiome dysregulations found in the saliva of ASD children are potentially associated with cognitive impairments of the subjects. Furthermore, a potential cross-talking between circulating miRNAs and resident bacteria could occur in saliva of ASD.Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including neuro-psychiatric diseases. This relationship between brain functionality and saliva composition could be exploited to unveil new pathological mechanisms of elusive diseases, such as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We performed a combined approach of miRNA expression profiling by NanoString technology, followed by validation experiments in qPCR, and 16S rRNA microbiome analysis on saliva from 53 ASD and 27 neurologically unaffected control (NUC) children. MiR-29a-3p and miR-141-3p were upregulated, while miR-16-5p, let-7b-5p, and miR-451a were downregulated in ASD compared to NUCs. Microbiome analysis on the same subjects revealed that Rothia, Filifactor, Actinobacillus, Weeksellaceae, Ralstonia, Pasteurellaceae, and Aggregatibacter increased their abundance in ASD patients, while Tannerella, Moryella and TM7-3 decreased. Variations of both miRNAs and microbes were statistically associated to different neuropsychological scores related to anomalies in social interaction and communication. Among miRNA/bacteria associations, the most relevant was the negative correlation between salivary miR-141-3p expression and Tannerella abundance. MiRNA and microbiome dysregulations found in the saliva of ASD children are potentially associated with cognitive impairments of the subjects. Furthermore, a potential cross-talking between circulating miRNAs and resident bacteria could occur in saliva of ASD.
Author Mirabella, Federica
Barbagallo, Cristina
Barone, Rita
Gulisano, Mariangela
Lauretta, Giovanni
Mongelli, Gino
Spitale, Ambra
Ragusa, Marco
Santagati, Maria
Di Pietro, Cinzia
Cirnigliaro, Matilde
Domini, Carla Noemi
Purrello, Michele
Oliveri, Salvatore
Trovato, Laura
Rizzo, Renata
Brex, Duilia
Barbagallo, Davide
Stefani, Stefania
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics G. Sichel, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; mragusa@unict.it (M.R.); mirabella.federica.91@gmail.com (F.M.); giovannilau91@hotmail.it (G.L.); matildecirnigliaro@gmail.com (M.C.); duiliabrex@gmail.com (D.B.); barbagallocristina@unict.it (C.B.); dbarbaga@unict.it (D.B.); dipietro@unict.it (C.D.P.)
3 Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; m.santagati@unict.it (M.S.); ltrovato@unict.it (L.T.); oliveri@unict.it (S.O.); ginomongelli@unict.it (G.M.); ambra.spit@gmail.com (A.S.); stefanis@unict.it (S.S.)
5 Bio-nanotech Research and Innovation Tower (BRIT), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
2 Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
4 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; carlanoemidomini@gmail
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– name: 4 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; carlanoemidomini@gmail.com (C.N.D.); mariangelagulisano@gmail.com (M.G.); rita.barone@unict.it (R.B.); rerizzo@unict.it (R.R.)
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867322$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ISSN 1422-0067
1661-6596
IngestDate Sun Oct 26 04:10:00 EDT 2025
Tue Sep 30 15:48:06 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 02 05:00:08 EDT 2025
Tue Oct 07 07:11:22 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 03 06:56:39 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 16 04:28:42 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:07:09 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
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IsScholarly true
Issue 17
Keywords ASD
oral microbiota
oral cavity
microRNA
TaqMan assays
Illumina
Nanostring
correlations
dysbiosis
Language English
License Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Senior Authors.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
ORCID 0000-0003-0976-2936
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Snippet Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including...
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StartPage 6203
SubjectTerms Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder - genetics
Autism Spectrum Disorder - microbiology
Autism Spectrum Disorder - psychology
Autistic children
Bacteria
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Case-Control Studies
Child
Communication
Female
Gene expression
Hematology
Humans
Male
Microbiota
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - economics
MicroRNAs - genetics
Phylogeny
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Saliva - chemistry
Saliva - microbiology
Taxonomy
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Title Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children
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