Biomarkers and Strategies for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer
Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%–30%. Used individually, neither serum CA125 nor transvaginal sonography (TVS) is sufficiently sensitive or specific. Two-stage strategies have proven more effective, where a s...
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| Published in | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention Vol. 29; no. 12; pp. 2504 - 2512 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
01.12.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1055-9965 1538-7755 1538-7755 |
| DOI | 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1057 |
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| Abstract | Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%–30%. Used individually, neither serum CA125 nor transvaginal sonography (TVS) is sufficiently sensitive or specific. Two-stage strategies have proven more effective, where a significant rise above a woman's baseline CA125 prompts TVS and an abnormal sonogram prompts surgery. Two major screening trials have documented that this strategy has adequate specificity, but sensitivity for early-stage (I–II) disease must improve to have a greater impact on mortality. To improve the first stage, different panels of protein biomarkers have detected cases missed by CA125. Autoantibodies against TP53 have detected 20% of early-stage ovarian cancers 8 months before elevation of CA125 and 22 months before clinical diagnosis. Panels of autoantibodies and antigen–autoantibody complexes are being evaluated with the goal of detecting >90% of early-stage ovarian cancers, alone or in combination with CA125, while maintaining 98% specificity in control subjects. Other biomarkers, including micro-RNAs, ctDNA, methylated DNA, and combinations of ctDNA alterations, are being tested to provide an optimal first-stage test. New technologies are also being developed with greater sensitivity than TVS to image small volumes of tumor.
See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, “NCI Early Detection Research Network: Making Cancer Detection Possible.” |
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| AbstractList | Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%–30%. Used individually, neither serum CA125 nor transvaginal sonography (TVS) is sufficiently sensitive or specific. Two-stage strategies have proven more effective, where a significant rise above a woman's baseline CA125 prompts TVS and an abnormal sonogram prompts surgery. Two major screening trials have documented that this strategy has adequate specificity, but sensitivity for early-stage (I–II) disease must improve to have a greater impact on mortality. To improve the first stage, different panels of protein biomarkers have detected cases missed by CA125. Autoantibodies against TP53 have detected 20% of early-stage ovarian cancers 8 months before elevation of CA125 and 22 months before clinical diagnosis. Panels of autoantibodies and antigen–autoantibody complexes are being evaluated with the goal of detecting >90% of early-stage ovarian cancers, alone or in combination with CA125, while maintaining 98% specificity in control subjects. Other biomarkers, including micro-RNAs, ctDNA, methylated DNA, and combinations of ctDNA alterations, are being tested to provide an optimal first-stage test. New technologies are also being developed with greater sensitivity than TVS to image small volumes of tumor.
See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, “NCI Early Detection Research Network: Making Cancer Detection Possible.” Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10-30%. Used individually, neither serum CA125 nor transvaginal sonography (TVS) is sufficiently sensitive or specific. Two stage strategies have proven more effective, where a significant rise above a woman’s baseline CA125 prompts TVS and an abnormal sonogram prompts surgery. Two major screening trials have documented that this strategy has adequate specificity, but sensitivity for early stage (I-II) disease must improve to have a greater impact on mortality. To improve the first stage, different panels of protein biomarkers have detected cases missed by CA125. Autoantibodies against TP53 have detected 20% of early stage ovarian cancers 8 months prior to elevation of CA125 and 22 months prior to clinical diagnosis. Panels of autoantibodies and antigen-autoantibody complexes are being evaluated with the goal of detecting >90% of early stage ovarian cancers, alone or in combination with CA125, while maintaining 98% specificity in control subjects. Other biomarkers, including micro-RNAs, ctDNA, methylated DNA, and combinations of ctDNA alterations are being tested to provide an optimal first stage test. New technologies are also being developed with greater sensitivity than TVS to image small volumes of tumor. Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%-30%. Used individually, neither serum CA125 nor transvaginal sonography (TVS) is sufficiently sensitive or specific. Two-stage strategies have proven more effective, where a significant rise above a woman's baseline CA125 prompts TVS and an abnormal sonogram prompts surgery. Two major screening trials have documented that this strategy has adequate specificity, but sensitivity for early-stage (I-II) disease must improve to have a greater impact on mortality. To improve the first stage, different panels of protein biomarkers have detected cases missed by CA125. Autoantibodies against TP53 have detected 20% of early-stage ovarian cancers 8 months before elevation of CA125 and 22 months before clinical diagnosis. Panels of autoantibodies and antigen-autoantibody complexes are being evaluated with the goal of detecting >90% of early-stage ovarian cancers, alone or in combination with CA125, while maintaining 98% specificity in control subjects. Other biomarkers, including micro-RNAs, ctDNA, methylated DNA, and combinations of ctDNA alterations, are being tested to provide an optimal first-stage test. New technologies are also being developed with greater sensitivity than TVS to image small volumes of tumor. Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%-30%. Used individually, neither serum CA125 nor transvaginal sonography (TVS) is sufficiently sensitive or specific. Two-stage strategies have proven more effective, where a significant rise above a woman's baseline CA125 prompts TVS and an abnormal sonogram prompts surgery. Two major screening trials have documented that this strategy has adequate specificity, but sensitivity for early-stage (I-II) disease must improve to have a greater impact on mortality. To improve the first stage, different panels of protein biomarkers have detected cases missed by CA125. Autoantibodies against TP53 have detected 20% of early-stage ovarian cancers 8 months before elevation of CA125 and 22 months before clinical diagnosis. Panels of autoantibodies and antigen-autoantibody complexes are being evaluated with the goal of detecting >90% of early-stage ovarian cancers, alone or in combination with CA125, while maintaining 98% specificity in control subjects. Other biomarkers, including micro-RNAs, ctDNA, methylated DNA, and combinations of ctDNA alterations, are being tested to provide an optimal first-stage test. New technologies are also being developed with greater sensitivity than TVS to image small volumes of tumor.See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "NCI Early Detection Research Network: Making Cancer Detection Possible."Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%-30%. Used individually, neither serum CA125 nor transvaginal sonography (TVS) is sufficiently sensitive or specific. Two-stage strategies have proven more effective, where a significant rise above a woman's baseline CA125 prompts TVS and an abnormal sonogram prompts surgery. Two major screening trials have documented that this strategy has adequate specificity, but sensitivity for early-stage (I-II) disease must improve to have a greater impact on mortality. To improve the first stage, different panels of protein biomarkers have detected cases missed by CA125. Autoantibodies against TP53 have detected 20% of early-stage ovarian cancers 8 months before elevation of CA125 and 22 months before clinical diagnosis. Panels of autoantibodies and antigen-autoantibody complexes are being evaluated with the goal of detecting >90% of early-stage ovarian cancers, alone or in combination with CA125, while maintaining 98% specificity in control subjects. Other biomarkers, including micro-RNAs, ctDNA, methylated DNA, and combinations of ctDNA alterations, are being tested to provide an optimal first-stage test. New technologies are also being developed with greater sensitivity than TVS to image small volumes of tumor.See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "NCI Early Detection Research Network: Making Cancer Detection Possible." |
| Author | Lu, Karen H. Lu, Zhen Anderson, Karen S. Han, Chae Young Skates, Steven J. Bast, Robert C. Drescher, Charles W. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 3 Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 4 Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 5 Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 1 Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas – name: 1 Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas – name: 4 Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington – name: 3 Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona – name: 5 Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Robert C. surname: Bast fullname: Bast, Robert C. – sequence: 2 givenname: Zhen surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Zhen – sequence: 3 givenname: Chae Young surname: Han fullname: Han, Chae Young – sequence: 4 givenname: Karen H. surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Karen H. – sequence: 5 givenname: Karen S. orcidid: 0000-0002-3870-5730 surname: Anderson fullname: Anderson, Karen S. – sequence: 6 givenname: Charles W. surname: Drescher fullname: Drescher, Charles W. – sequence: 7 givenname: Steven J. surname: Skates fullname: Skates, Steven J. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33051337$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | 2020 American Association for Cancer Research. |
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| Snippet | Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%–30%. Used individually, neither... Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10%-30%. Used individually, neither... Early detection of ovarian cancer remains an important unmet medical need. Effective screening could reduce mortality by 10-30%. Used individually, neither... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aged Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism CA-125 Antigen - blood DNA Methylation - genetics Early Detection of Cancer - methods Female Humans Middle Aged Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnosis Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging Ultrasonography - methods |
| Title | Biomarkers and Strategies for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer |
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