A techno-economic study of the strategy for hydrogen transport by pipelines in Canada

•Analyzed the various hydrogen transportation methods.•Suggested the optimal option for hydrogen transport in Canada.•Discussed the technical challenges when repurposing existing pipeline for hydrogen transport. Hydrogen, as a clean, zero-emission energy fuel, will play a critical role in energy tra...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of Pipeline Science and Engineering Vol. 3; no. 3; p. 100112
Main Authors Cheng, Winston, Cheng, Y. Frank
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 01.09.2023
KeAi Communications Co. Ltd
Subjects
Canada
Hydrogen transport
Pipelines
Techno-economic analysis
Techno-economic analysis
Canada
Pipelines
Hydrogen transport
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2667-1433
2667-1433
DOI10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112

Cover

Abstract •Analyzed the various hydrogen transportation methods.•Suggested the optimal option for hydrogen transport in Canada.•Discussed the technical challenges when repurposing existing pipeline for hydrogen transport. Hydrogen, as a clean, zero-emission energy fuel, will play a critical role in energy transition and achievement of the net-zero target in 2050. Hydrogen delivery is integral to the entire value chain of a full-scale hydrogen economy. This work conducted a systematic review and analysis of various hydrogen transportation methods, including truck tankers for liquid hydrogen, tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen, and pipelines, by identifying and ranking the main properties and affecting factors associated with each method. It is found that pipelines, especially the existing natural gas pipelines, provide a more efficient and cheaper means to transport hydrogen over long distances. Analysis was further conducted on Canadian natural gas pipeline network, which has been operating for safe, effective, and efficient energy transport over six decades. The established infrastructure, along with the developed operating and management experiences and skillful manpower, makes the existing pipelines the best option for transport of hydrogen in either blended or pure form in the country. The technical challenges in repurposing the existing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen service were discussed, and further work was analyzed.
AbstractList •Analyzed the various hydrogen transportation methods.•Suggested the optimal option for hydrogen transport in Canada.•Discussed the technical challenges when repurposing existing pipeline for hydrogen transport. Hydrogen, as a clean, zero-emission energy fuel, will play a critical role in energy transition and achievement of the net-zero target in 2050. Hydrogen delivery is integral to the entire value chain of a full-scale hydrogen economy. This work conducted a systematic review and analysis of various hydrogen transportation methods, including truck tankers for liquid hydrogen, tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen, and pipelines, by identifying and ranking the main properties and affecting factors associated with each method. It is found that pipelines, especially the existing natural gas pipelines, provide a more efficient and cheaper means to transport hydrogen over long distances. Analysis was further conducted on Canadian natural gas pipeline network, which has been operating for safe, effective, and efficient energy transport over six decades. The established infrastructure, along with the developed operating and management experiences and skillful manpower, makes the existing pipelines the best option for transport of hydrogen in either blended or pure form in the country. The technical challenges in repurposing the existing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen service were discussed, and further work was analyzed.
Hydrogen, as a clean, zero-emission energy fuel, will play a critical role in energy transition and achievement of the net-zero target in 2050. Hydrogen delivery is integral to the entire value chain of a full-scale hydrogen economy. This work conducted a systematic review and analysis of various hydrogen transportation methods, including truck tankers for liquid hydrogen, tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen, and pipelines, by identifying and ranking the main properties and affecting factors associated with each method. It is found that pipelines, especially the existing natural gas pipelines, provide a more efficient and cheaper means to transport hydrogen over long distances. Analysis was further conducted on Canadian natural gas pipeline network, which has been operating for safe, effective, and efficient energy transport over six decades. The established infrastructure, along with the developed operating and management experiences and skillful manpower, makes the existing pipelines the best option for transport of hydrogen in either blended or pure form in the country. The technical challenges in repurposing the existing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen service were discussed, and further work was analyzed.
ArticleNumber 100112
Author Cheng, Y. Frank
Cheng, Winston
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Winston
  surname: Cheng
  fullname: Cheng, Winston
  organization: Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Canada
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Y. Frank
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3379-1828
  surname: Cheng
  fullname: Cheng, Y. Frank
  email: fcheng@ucalgary.ca
  organization: Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Canada
BookMark eNqNkM9qHSEYRyWkkDTNC3TlC8yt_8ZxoJtwaZtAIJtkLY7zea_DRAc1LfP29XZKKVmErNQfnAOej-g8xAAIfaZkRwmVX6bdtGTYMcJ4HQil7AxdMim7hgrOz_-7X6DrnCdCCFOt7Am_RE83uIA9htiAjSE-e4tzeRlXHB0uR6iPZAocVuxiwsd1TPEAAdcx5CWmgocVL36B2QfI2Ae8N8GM5hP64Myc4frveYWevn973N829w8_7vY3940VlJSGUaFoZ2AgrXCtGhgljtDedqwVxECresvV2AnSDYwb20lKTc-gV4PrmFCOX6G7zTtGM-kl-WeTVh2N13-GmA7apOLtDJo5qH4J1hkpxtZUvbSKKdFzwjoJ1cU310tYzPrLzPM_ISX6FFpP-hRan0LrLXSl2EbZFHNO4N4HqVeQ9cUUH0MN6-e30a8bCjXrTw9JZ-shWBh9Alvqv_1b-G8QDqqk
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_electacta_2024_145301
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egycc_2024_100142
crossref_primary_10_1007_s44251_023_00001_w
crossref_primary_10_3390_cmd5020008
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_09_371
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_12_072
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_xcrp_2024_101907
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_07_316
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_06_085
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2023_103401
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpse_2024_100186
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2024_141601
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_11_117
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engfailanal_2024_108065
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jgsce_2025_205603
crossref_primary_10_3390_su17052141
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_est_2023_107196
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_03_284
crossref_primary_10_2298_TSCI240405166L
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_01_213
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijmecsci_2024_109651
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engfailanal_2024_108311
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10853_024_10571_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmrt_2024_10_150
crossref_primary_10_3390_en17184539
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2025_125636
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_06_389
crossref_primary_10_1515_corrrev_2024_0109
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_11_280
crossref_primary_10_2298_TSCI230327146L
crossref_primary_10_3390_su16051890
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_corsci_2023_111789
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psep_2024_08_057
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_corsci_2024_112341
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpse_2023_100141
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tust_2023_105389
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engfailanal_2024_108242
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matchar_2024_113654
crossref_primary_10_3390_mining4030030
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_08_357
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2025_02_336
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijpvp_2023_105032
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psep_2024_12_093
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2023_06_198
crossref_primary_10_3390_polym16070953
crossref_primary_10_1515_corrrev_2023_0120
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_08_442
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2025_03_123
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_desal_2024_118169
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2023_137157
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_msea_2023_145673
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.01.014
10.1016/j.jpse.2021.11.004
10.1016/j.jiec.2013.07.037
10.3390/en15103582
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.03.033
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.11.070
10.1016/j.jpse.2022.100067
10.1007/s00114-004-0516-x
10.1016/j.ijpvp.2022.104742
10.1007/s11814-021-0960-8
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.02.022
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.04.101
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.05.009
10.1016/j.jpse.2021.01.008
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.02.094
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.05.047
10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105985
10.1016/j.jpse.2022.100066
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.06.064
10.1016/j.jpse.2022.01.003
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.07.024
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.07.217
10.1016/B978-012088441-4/50008-3
10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.10.027
10.1016/S1464-2859(20)30532-0
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2023
Copyright_xml – notice: 2023
DBID 6I.
AAFTH
AAYXX
CITATION
ADTOC
UNPAY
DOA
DOI 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112
DatabaseName ScienceDirect Open Access Titles
Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access
CrossRef
Unpaywall for CDI: Periodical Content
Unpaywall
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ (selected full-text)
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: UNPAY
  name: Unpaywall
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://unpaywall.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Access Repository
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
EISSN 2667-1433
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_2feb216ecfa64d5aae56c8284930276e
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112
10_1016_j_jpse_2023_100112
S2667143323000045
GroupedDBID 6I.
AAEDW
AAFTH
AAXUO
AEXQZ
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
EBS
FDB
GROUPED_DOAJ
M~E
ROL
0R~
AALRI
AAYWO
AAYXX
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADVLN
AEUPX
AFPUW
AIGII
AITUG
AKBMS
AKYEP
CITATION
ADTOC
UNPAY
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c410t-214817aeb054f58b210f019c72540ae589c38d7407b23ac7611a92e98bf7248f3
IEDL.DBID UNPAY
ISSN 2667-1433
IngestDate Fri Oct 03 12:53:44 EDT 2025
Tue Aug 19 20:58:11 EDT 2025
Wed Oct 01 05:31:21 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:57:52 EDT 2025
Sat Feb 17 16:11:58 EST 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 3
Keywords Techno-economic analysis
Canada
Pipelines
Hydrogen transport
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
cc-by-nc-nd
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c410t-214817aeb054f58b210f019c72540ae589c38d7407b23ac7611a92e98bf7248f3
ORCID 0000-0002-3379-1828
OpenAccessLink https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_2feb216ecfa64d5aae56c8284930276e
unpaywall_primary_10_1016_j_jpse_2023_100112
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpse_2023_100112
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_jpse_2023_100112
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_jpse_2023_100112
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate September 2023
2023-09-00
2023-09-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2023-09-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2023
  text: September 2023
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Journal of Pipeline Science and Engineering
PublicationYear 2023
Publisher Elsevier B.V
KeAi Communications Co. Ltd
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
– name: KeAi Communications Co. Ltd
References Godula-Jopek (bib0036) 2015
Godula-Jopek, Jehle, Wellnitz (bib0037) 2012
Zhu (bib0072) 2021; 1
(bib0007) 2018
Bloomberg (bib0011) 2020
(bib0008) 2022
Mahajan, Tan, Venkatesh, Kileti, Clayton (bib0047) 2022; 15
Department of Energy, 2020c. Road Map to US Hydrogen Economy. Washington DC, US.
Sakthivel (bib0061) 2021
Muradov, Veziroglu (bib0049) 2005; 30
(bib0028) 2022
Brongers (bib0014) 2022
Baykara (bib0010) 2018; 43
Balat (bib0009) 2008; 33
Razi, Dincer (bib0060) 2022; 47
(bib0029) 2009
Collins, L., 2020. Green hydrogen cheaper than unabated fossil-fuel H
Chae, Kim, Moon, Park, Lee (bib0017) 2022; 29
Zachariah-Wolff, Egyedi, Hemmes (bib0069) 2007; 32
(bib0015) 2022
Amos (bib0005) 1999
Department of Energy, 2020a. Hydrogen Pipelines. Washington DC, US.
Ohaeri, Eduok, Szpunar (bib0056) 2018; 43
Natural Resources Canada, 2020b. Pipelines across Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Canadian Energy Pipeline Association, 2021. Canadian energy: evolving for tomorrow. Calgary, AB, Canada.
Cheng (bib0019) 2022
Dutta (bib0027) 2014; 20
Melaina, Antonia, Penev (bib0048) 2013
Florisson (bib0033) 2010
(bib0053) 2008
Agaton, Talosig Batac, Reyes (bib0001) 2022; 47
(bib0040) 2021
Züettel (bib0073) 2004; 91
(bib0004) 2018
Koyama, Yamasaki, Nagashima, Tasan, Tsuzaki (bib0045) 2017; 129
Parfomak (bib0059) 2021
Khan, Young, Layzell (bib0044) 2021; 1
Andrews, Gallon, Huising (bib0006) 2022; 2
Ohaeri, Qin, Szpunar (bib0057) 2020; 857
Di Christopher (bib0026) 2021
Hawkins (bib0039) 2006
(bib0041) 2019
Noble (bib0054) 2022
Ochu, Braverman, Smith, Friedmann (bib0055) 2021
Zhao, Cheng (bib0070) 2022; 2
Ajanovic, Sayer, Haas (bib0002) 2022; 47
Layzell, Young, Lof, Leary (bib0046) 2020
Zhao, Lv, Cheng (bib0071) 2022; 199
Daydream and Dynovel (bib0021) 2021
Turnbull (bib0064) 2012
(bib0003) 2021
European Union, 2020b. Communication from the commission to the European parliament, the council, the European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions – a hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe. Brussels, Belgium.
Bossel, Eliasson, Taylor (bib0012) 2003; 18
Sun, Cheng (bib0063) 2022; 133
Wasim, Djukic (bib0067) 2020; 45
Golisch, Genchev, Wanzenberg, Mentz, Brauer, Muthmann, Ratke (bib0038) 2022; 2
(bib0023) 2020
Yang, Ogden (bib0068) 2007; 32
(bib0042) 2011
European Commission, 2020a. A hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe. Brussel, Belgium.
(bib0025) 2022
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Energy Association, 2020. Road map to a US hydrogen economy. Washington DC, US.
Ohaeri, Szpunar (bib0058) 2022; 2
European Commission, 2021. Assessment of hydrogen delivery options. Brussel, Belgium.
Veziroglu, Sherif, Barbir (bib0066) 2005
Cheng (bib0018) 2013
(bib0043) 2019
Van De Voorde (bib0065) 2021
by 2030: hydrogen council. Recharge. London, UK.
Sun, Cheng (bib0062) 2021; 46
Natural Resources Canada, 2020a. Hydrogen strategy for Canada: seizing the opportunities for hydrogen. Ottawa, ON, Canada.
(bib0052) 2009
British Columbia Bioenergy Network (bib0013) 2019
Giving Data Meaning, 2021. Assessing Western Canada’s readiness to compete in an emerging hydrogen economy. Calgary, AB, Canada.
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0052) 2009
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0020
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0029) 2009
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0022
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0043) 2019
Van De Voorde (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0065) 2021
Züettel (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0073) 2004; 91
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0040) 2021
Ajanovic (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0002) 2022; 47
Sakthivel (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0061) 2021
Bossel (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0012) 2003; 18
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0024
Hawkins (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0039) 2006
Layzell (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0046) 2020
Cheng (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0019) 2022
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0007) 2018
Parfomak (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0059) 2021
Mahajan (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0047) 2022; 15
Agaton (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0001) 2022; 47
Muradov (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0049) 2005; 30
Ohaeri (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0057) 2020; 857
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0032
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0031
Koyama (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0045) 2017; 129
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0028) 2022
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0034
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0008) 2022
Chae (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0017) 2022; 29
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0030
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0042) 2011
Cheng (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0018) 2013
Turnbull (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0064) 2012
Godula-Jopek (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0036) 2015
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0035
Razi (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0060) 2022; 47
Baykara (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0010) 2018; 43
Ohaeri (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0056) 2018; 43
Sun (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0063) 2022; 133
Dutta (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0027) 2014; 20
Daydream and Dynovel (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0021) 2021
Godula-Jopek (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0037) 2012
Ochu (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0055) 2021
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0041) 2019
British Columbia Bioenergy Network (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0013) 2019
Veziroglu (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0066) 2005
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0015) 2022
Ohaeri (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0058) 2022; 2
Amos (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0005) 1999
Bloomberg (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0011) 2020
Di Christopher (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0026) 2021
Florisson (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0033) 2010
Wasim (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0067) 2020; 45
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0025) 2022
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0004) 2018
Khan (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0044) 2021; 1
Andrews (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0006) 2022; 2
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0050
Golisch (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0038) 2022; 2
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0053) 2008
Zhao (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0070) 2022; 2
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0051
Zhao (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0071) 2022; 199
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0003) 2021
Sun (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0062) 2021; 46
10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0016
(10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0023) 2020
Brongers (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0014) 2022
Yang (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0068) 2007; 32
Balat (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0009) 2008; 33
Melaina (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0048) 2013
Zachariah-Wolff (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0069) 2007; 32
Zhu (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0072) 2021; 1
Noble (10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0054) 2022
References_xml – reference: European Commission, 2020a. A hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe. Brussel, Belgium.
– year: 2011
  ident: bib0042
  article-title: IPCC special report on renewable energy sources and climate change mitigation
– volume: 133
  year: 2022
  ident: bib0063
  article-title: Hydrogen-induced degradation of high-strength steel pipeline welds: a critical review
  publication-title: Eng. Fail. Anal.
– volume: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: bib0006
  article-title: Assessing damaged pipelines transporting hydrogen
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  year: 2021
  end-page: 40
  ident: bib0044
  article-title: The techno-economics of hydrogen pipelines
  publication-title: Transit. Accel. Tech. Briefs
– start-page: 143
  year: 2005
  end-page: 180
  ident: bib0066
  article-title: Hydrogen energy solutions
  publication-title: Environ. Solut.
– volume: 32
  start-page: 268
  year: 2007
  end-page: 286
  ident: bib0068
  article-title: Determining the lowest-cost hydrogen delivery mode
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– volume: 91
  start-page: 157
  year: 2004
  end-page: 172
  ident: bib0073
  article-title: Hydrogen storage methods
  publication-title: Naturwissenschaften
– volume: 18
  start-page: 29
  year: 2003
  end-page: 70
  ident: bib0012
  article-title: The future of the hydrogen economy: bright or bleak?
  publication-title: Cogener. Compet. Power J.
– year: 2010
  ident: bib0033
  article-title: Preparing for the hydrogen economy by using the existing natural gas system as a catalyst
– volume: 47
  start-page: 24136
  year: 2022
  end-page: 24154
  ident: bib0002
  article-title: The economics and the environmental benignity of different colors of hydrogen
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– year: 2013
  ident: bib0048
  article-title: Blending hydrogen into natural gas pipeline networks: a review of key issues
– reference: Natural Resources Canada, 2020b. Pipelines across Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
– volume: 199
  year: 2022
  ident: bib0071
  article-title: A new method for assessment of burst pressure capacity of corroded X80 steel pipelines containing a dent
  publication-title: Int. J. Press. Vessel Pip.
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0021
  publication-title: Hydrogen energy global road map 2020-2050
– reference: by 2030: hydrogen council. Recharge. London, UK.
– year: 2015
  ident: bib0036
  article-title: Hydrogen production: by electrolysis. Ed. 1
– year: 2022
  ident: bib0054
  article-title: Collaboration on planned World-scale blue ammonia and blue methanol facilities showcase Alberta’s leadership in cleantech and emissions reduction
– volume: 45
  start-page: 2145
  year: 2020
  end-page: 2156
  ident: bib0067
  article-title: Hydrogen embrittlement of low carbon structural steel at macro-, micro-and nano-levels
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– volume: 30
  start-page: 225
  year: 2005
  end-page: 237
  ident: bib0049
  article-title: From hydrocarbon to hydrogen-carbon to hydrogen economy
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– reference: Giving Data Meaning, 2021. Assessing Western Canada’s readiness to compete in an emerging hydrogen economy. Calgary, AB, Canada.
– reference: European Commission, 2021. Assessment of hydrogen delivery options. Brussel, Belgium.
– year: 2012
  ident: bib0037
  article-title: Hydrogen storage technologies
– year: 2018
  ident: bib0004
  article-title: Gas transmission and distribution piping systems
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0026
  article-title: Blue hydrogen serves as low-carbon bridge to green hydrogen future
  publication-title: S&P Glob. Market Intell
– reference: Collins, L., 2020. Green hydrogen cheaper than unabated fossil-fuel H
– reference: Department of Energy, 2020a. Hydrogen Pipelines. Washington DC, US.
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1148
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1156
  ident: bib0027
  article-title: A review on production, storage of hydrogen and its utilization as an energy resource
  publication-title: J. Ind. Eng. Chem.
– year: 2009
  ident: bib0052
  article-title: Using the existing natural gas system for hydrogen. Project no. SES6/CT/2004/502661
– year: 2020
  ident: bib0046
  article-title: Towards net-zero energy systems in Canada: a key role for hydrogen
– year: 2022
  ident: bib0019
  article-title: Materials constrains and hydrogen embrittlement risk in repurposing of aged natural gas pipelines for hydrogen transmission
– volume: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: bib0038
  article-title: Application of line pipe and hot induction bends in hydrogen gas
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0061
  article-title: Hydrogen economy offers low-emissions fuel to combat air pollution
– year: 2020
  ident: bib0011
  publication-title: Hydrogen economy outlook
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0065
  article-title: Hydrogen production and energy transition
– year: 2008
  ident: bib0053
  article-title: Hydrogen delivery infrastructure options analysis
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0040
  article-title: Global Hydrogen Review
– reference: Natural Resources Canada, 2020a. Hydrogen strategy for Canada: seizing the opportunities for hydrogen. Ottawa, ON, Canada.
– reference: Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Energy Association, 2020. Road map to a US hydrogen economy. Washington DC, US.
– year: 2022
  ident: bib0008
  article-title: Fort saskatchewan hydrogen blending project
– year: 1999
  ident: bib0005
  article-title: Costs of storing and transporting hydrogen
– year: 2019
  ident: bib0041
  article-title: The future of hydrogen: technology report
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0059
  article-title: Pipeline transportation of hydrogen: regulation, research, and policy
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0003
  article-title: Alberta hydrogen roadmap
– volume: 2
  start-page: 18
  year: 2022
  end-page: 28
  ident: bib0070
  article-title: A new criterion based on strain determination for dent assessment of pipelines
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
– year: 2022
  ident: bib0015
  publication-title: Natural gas pipeline transportation system
– reference: Canadian Energy Pipeline Association, 2021. Canadian energy: evolving for tomorrow. Calgary, AB, Canada.
– year: 2009
  ident: bib0029
  article-title: Preparing for the hydrogen economy by using the existing natural gas system as a catalyst
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1235
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1245
  ident: bib0069
  article-title: From natural gas to hydrogen via the Wobbe index: The role of standardized gateways in sustainable infrastructure transitions
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– year: 2021
  ident: bib0055
  article-title: Hydrogen fact sheet: production of low-carbon hydrogen
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  year: 2022
  end-page: 17
  ident: bib0058
  article-title: An overview on pipeline steel development for cold climate applications
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 36
  year: 2021
  end-page: 50
  ident: bib0072
  article-title: A comparative study of burst failure models for assessing remaining strength of corroded pipelines
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
– reference: European Union, 2020b. Communication from the commission to the European parliament, the council, the European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions – a hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe. Brussels, Belgium.
– volume: 46
  start-page: 34469
  year: 2021
  end-page: 34486
  ident: bib0062
  article-title: Thermodynamics of spontaneous dissociation and dissociative adsorption of hydrogen molecules and hydrogen atom adsorption and absorption on steel under pipelining conditions
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– volume: 15
  start-page: 3582
  year: 2022
  ident: bib0047
  article-title: Hydrogen blending in gas pipeline networks—a review
  publication-title: Energies
– year: 2022
  ident: bib0028
  article-title: Hydrogen blending project now operational, reducing carbon footprint of natural gas delivered by Enbridge Gas
– volume: 43
  start-page: 14584
  year: 2018
  end-page: 14617
  ident: bib0056
  article-title: Hydrogen related degradation in pipeline steel: a review
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– volume: 47
  start-page: 9083
  year: 2022
  end-page: 9102
  ident: bib0060
  article-title: Challenges, opportunities and future directions in hydrogen sector development in Canada
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– year: 2006
  ident: bib0039
  article-title: Technological characterization of hydrogen storage and distribution technologies
– volume: 43
  start-page: 10605
  year: 2018
  end-page: 10614
  ident: bib0010
  article-title: Hydrogen: A brief overview on its sources, production and environmental impact
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– year: 2018
  ident: bib0007
  article-title: Perspectives on hydrogen in the APEC region
– volume: 857
  year: 2020
  ident: bib0057
  article-title: A critical perspective on pipeline processing and failure risks in hydrogen service conditions
  publication-title: J. Alloys Comp.
– reference: Department of Energy, 2020c. Road Map to US Hydrogen Economy. Washington DC, US.
– year: 2022
  ident: bib0025
  publication-title: Hydrogen forecast to 2050 - energy transition outlook 2022
– year: 2013
  ident: bib0018
  article-title: Stress corrosion cracking of pipelines
– volume: 47
  start-page: 17859
  year: 2022
  end-page: 17870
  ident: bib0001
  article-title: Prospects and challenges for green hydrogen production and utilization in the Philippines
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– volume: 29
  start-page: 251
  year: 2022
  end-page: 262
  ident: bib0017
  article-title: The present condition and outlook for hydrogen-natural gas blending technology
  publication-title: Korean J. Chem. Eng.
– year: 2019
  ident: bib0043
  publication-title: Climate change and land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems
– year: 2012
  ident: bib0064
  article-title: Hydrogen diffusion and trapping in metals
  publication-title: Gaseous Hydrogen Embrittlement of Materials in Energy Technologies: Mechanisms, Modelling and Future Developments
– year: 2022
  ident: bib0014
  article-title: Transporting hydrogen in pipelines, presentation to AMPP standards committee SC-15 pipelines and tanks
– volume: 129
  start-page: 48
  year: 2017
  end-page: 51
  ident: bib0045
  article-title: observations of silver-decoration evolution under hydrogen permeation: Effects of grain boundary misorientation on hydrogen flux in pure iron
  publication-title: Scr. Mater.
– volume: 33
  start-page: 4013
  year: 2008
  end-page: 4029
  ident: bib0009
  article-title: Potential importance of hydrogen as a future solution to environmental and transportation problems
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
– year: 2020
  ident: bib0023
  article-title: Hydrogen Strategy – Enabling a Low Carbon Economy
– year: 2019
  ident: bib0013
  publication-title: British columbia hydrogen study
– volume: 47
  start-page: 9083
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0060
  article-title: Challenges, opportunities and future directions in hydrogen sector development in Canada
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.01.014
– year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0064
  article-title: Hydrogen diffusion and trapping in metals
– volume: 2
  start-page: 18
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0070
  article-title: A new criterion based on strain determination for dent assessment of pipelines
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jpse.2021.11.004
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0013
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0014
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0051
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0032
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1148
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0027
  article-title: A review on production, storage of hydrogen and its utilization as an energy resource
  publication-title: J. Ind. Eng. Chem.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.07.037
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0022
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0023
– volume: 857
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0057
  article-title: A critical perspective on pipeline processing and failure risks in hydrogen service conditions
  publication-title: J. Alloys Comp.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 3582
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0047
  article-title: Hydrogen blending in gas pipeline networks—a review
  publication-title: Energies
  doi: 10.3390/en15103582
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0015
– volume: 30
  start-page: 225
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0049
  article-title: From hydrocarbon to hydrogen-carbon to hydrogen economy
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.03.033
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0041
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0039
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0035
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0036
– volume: 45
  start-page: 2145
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0067
  article-title: Hydrogen embrittlement of low carbon structural steel at macro-, micro-and nano-levels
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.11.070
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0026
  article-title: Blue hydrogen serves as low-carbon bridge to green hydrogen future
  publication-title: S&P Glob. Market Intell
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0048
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0031
– year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0005
– volume: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0038
  article-title: Application of line pipe and hot induction bends in hydrogen gas
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jpse.2022.100067
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0029
– volume: 91
  start-page: 157
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0073
  article-title: Hydrogen storage methods
  publication-title: Naturwissenschaften
  doi: 10.1007/s00114-004-0516-x
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0040
– volume: 199
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0071
  article-title: A new method for assessment of burst pressure capacity of corroded X80 steel pipelines containing a dent
  publication-title: Int. J. Press. Vessel Pip.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijpvp.2022.104742
– year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0007
– volume: 29
  start-page: 251
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0017
  article-title: The present condition and outlook for hydrogen-natural gas blending technology
  publication-title: Korean J. Chem. Eng.
  doi: 10.1007/s11814-021-0960-8
– volume: 43
  start-page: 10605
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0010
  article-title: Hydrogen: A brief overview on its sources, production and environmental impact
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.02.022
– volume: 47
  start-page: 17859
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0001
  article-title: Prospects and challenges for green hydrogen production and utilization in the Philippines
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.04.101
– year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0053
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0054
– year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0033
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0003
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0055
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0059
– volume: 32
  start-page: 268
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0068
  article-title: Determining the lowest-cost hydrogen delivery mode
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.05.009
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0030
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0065
– volume: 18
  start-page: 29
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0012
  article-title: The future of the hydrogen economy: bright or bleak?
  publication-title: Cogener. Compet. Power J.
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0052
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0028
– year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0004
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0024
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0021
– volume: 1
  start-page: 36
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0072
  article-title: A comparative study of burst failure models for assessing remaining strength of corroded pipelines
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jpse.2021.01.008
– volume: 47
  start-page: 24136
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0002
  article-title: The economics and the environmental benignity of different colors of hydrogen
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.02.094
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0019
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0020
– volume: 33
  start-page: 4013
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0009
  article-title: Potential importance of hydrogen as a future solution to environmental and transportation problems
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.05.047
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0043
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0011
– volume: 133
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0063
  article-title: Hydrogen-induced degradation of high-strength steel pipeline welds: a critical review
  publication-title: Eng. Fail. Anal.
  doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105985
– volume: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0006
  article-title: Assessing damaged pipelines transporting hydrogen
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jpse.2022.100066
– volume: 43
  start-page: 14584
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0056
  article-title: Hydrogen related degradation in pipeline steel: a review
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.06.064
– year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0042
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0058
  article-title: An overview on pipeline steel development for cold climate applications
  publication-title: J. Pipeline Sci. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jpse.2022.01.003
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0046
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0016
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0018
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1235
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0069
  article-title: From natural gas to hydrogen via the Wobbe index: The role of standardized gateways in sustainable infrastructure transitions
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.07.024
– volume: 46
  start-page: 34469
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0062
  article-title: Thermodynamics of spontaneous dissociation and dissociative adsorption of hydrogen molecules and hydrogen atom adsorption and absorption on steel under pipelining conditions
  publication-title: Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.07.217
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0050
– start-page: 143
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0066
  article-title: Hydrogen energy solutions
  publication-title: Environ. Solut.
  doi: 10.1016/B978-012088441-4/50008-3
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0044
  article-title: The techno-economics of hydrogen pipelines
  publication-title: Transit. Accel. Tech. Briefs
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0061
– year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0037
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0025
– volume: 129
  start-page: 48
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0045
  article-title: In situ observations of silver-decoration evolution under hydrogen permeation: Effects of grain boundary misorientation on hydrogen flux in pure iron
  publication-title: Scr. Mater.
  doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.10.027
– ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0034
  doi: 10.1016/S1464-2859(20)30532-0
– year: 2022
  ident: 10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112_bib0008
SSID ssj0002856903
Score 2.5108922
Snippet •Analyzed the various hydrogen transportation methods.•Suggested the optimal option for hydrogen transport in Canada.•Discussed the technical challenges when...
Hydrogen, as a clean, zero-emission energy fuel, will play a critical role in energy transition and achievement of the net-zero target in 2050. Hydrogen...
SourceID doaj
unpaywall
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 100112
SubjectTerms Canada
Hydrogen transport
Pipelines
Techno-economic analysis
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1NS8MwGA6yi15EUXF-kYM3LTZp0o_jFMcQ9ORgt5DmAzdGW_aB9N_7pmnHdpkevJY0DU9e-j5P-75PELrXWnOuLQ-IJiaADGWDlOowSIDv24zZlMSu3_n9Ix6N2duET7aO-nI1Yd4e2AP3RC1oPxIbZWXMNJfS8FiBTGCZ--MWG_f2DdNsS0zNmk9GHGRf1HbJ-IKuWbV0vpg0anyHCN3JRI1h_05COlwXlay_5Xy-lXCGJ-i4ZYp44Fd4ig5McYbGA9y4rpaBaTuKcWMQi0uLgcrhpTebrTFwUfxV60UJAYJXnYM5zmtcTSvXg26WeFrgxpxAnqPx8PXzZRS0JyMEipFwFVAQMSSRJgfCZXkKAIUWuJpKQO6FgFCaqSjVCYi1nEZSJTEhMqMmS3ObUJba6AL1irIwlwibSLMkUobEOeDLVA58kVlCHe9gVCV9RDqUhGptw93pFXPR1YfNhENWOGSFR7aPHjb3VN40Y-_oZwf-ZqQzvG4uQBiINgzEb2HQR7zbOtFyB88JYKrp3oc_bvb5D2u9-o-1XqMjN6WvVLtBvdVibW6B2qzyuyaKfwCd9vTI
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
Title A techno-economic study of the strategy for hydrogen transport by pipelines in Canada
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpse.2023.100112
https://doaj.org/article/2feb216ecfa64d5aae56c8284930276e
UnpaywallVersion publishedVersion
Volume 3
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ (selected full-text)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2667-1433
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0002856903
  issn: 2667-1433
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20210101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources (selected full-text only)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2667-1433
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0002856903
  issn: 2667-1433
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20210101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3Pa9swFBYjPezUtWyjGW3RYbfNIZIl2T6mJSEUGnZYoDsZ_aRJg2MSh5Ie-rf3SVZCM0bpLj4YyZaennjfk977HkLfjTGcG8cTYohNwEK5JKemn2SA913BXE6Ez3e-nYjxlN3c8btIk-NzYQ7u70Mc1rxeezpLmga6IF9Q-EhwwN0ddDSd_Br88dXjBOx2MPxpzIr5d8cDyxMI-g8M0MdNVcvto1wsXhmY0ae2UtE68BL6uJKH3qZRPf30F2vj-8Z-go4jzsSDVjFO0QdbfUbTAQ6crcvExnxkHOhl8dJhAIJ43VLVbjEgWXy_NaslqBdudvznWG1xPat9Brtd41mFA7WB_IKmo-Hv63ES6yokmpF-k1BwgUgmrQK45niuwOtzgPR0Bs5iX1qeFzrNTQaunqKp1JkgRBbUFrlyGWW5S7-iTrWs7BnCNjUsS7UlQglmmFaANpkj1KMWRnXWRWQn81JH0nFf-2JR7qLL5qUXUumFVLZC6qIf-z51S7nxZusrv5T7lp4uO7yAlSjj7iupszBLYbWTMEwuYZJCg6_JCn9tK2wX8Z0ilBF5tIgCPjV78-c_91rzjrF--7_m56jTrDb2AlBPoy7DaQE8b5-Hl1H1XwBJaP7F
linkProvider Unpaywall
linkToUnpaywall http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlZ3PS8MwFMeDzIMnf6DiRCUHb1pZ0iRtj1OUISgeHOip5Cdujq64Dpl_vS9tNpzImNeStvnxwvs-kvd5CJ0bYzg3jkfEEBuBh3JRSk0nSkDvu4y5lAif7_zwKHp9dv_CXwImx-fCLJ3f1_ewhuXE4yxpXOOCfEHhTcFBd7fQZv_xqfvqq8cJ2O3g-OOQFfP3i0uepwb0LzmgrWlRytmnHI1-OJi7naZS0aTmEvp7Je9X00pd6a9f1Mb1-r6LtoPOxN3GMPbQhi32Ub-La2brOLIhHxnXeFk8dhiEIJ40qNoZBiWL32bmYwzmhas5_xyrGS4Hpc9gtxM8KHCNNpAHqH93-3zTi0JdhUgz0qkiCiEQSaRVINccTxVEfQ6Unk4gWOxIy9NMx6lJINRTNJY6EYTIjNosVS6hLHXxIWoV48IeIWxjw5JYWyKUYIZpBWqTOUK9amFUJ21E5nOe6wAd97UvRvn8dtkw95OU-0nKm0lqo4vFO2WD3FjZ-tov5aKlx2XXD2Al8rD7cuosjFJY7SR0k0sYpNAQa7LMH9sK20Z8bgh5UB6NooBPDVb-_HJhNWv09fh_zU9Qq_qY2lNQPZU6C-b-DWk__J8
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+techno-economic+study+of+the+strategy+for+hydrogen+transport+by+pipelines+in+Canada&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Pipeline+Science+and+Engineering&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Winston&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Y.+Frank&rft.date=2023-09-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+B.V&rft.issn=2667-1433&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpse.2023.100112&rft.externalDocID=S2667143323000045
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2667-1433&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2667-1433&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2667-1433&client=summon