PFYOLOv4: An Improved Small Object Pedestrian Detection Algorithm

• Published in: IEEE access Vol. 11; pp. 17197 - 17206
• Main Authors: Li, Kaihui, Zhuang, Yuan, Lai, Jinling, Zeng, Yunhui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 2023; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Algorithms; Artificial neural networks; Classification algorithms; Computer networks; convolutional block attention module; Convolutional neural networks; Deep learning; depthwise separable convolution; Detection algorithms; Feature extraction; Feature maps; Interference; Modules; Noise reduction; Object detection; Object recognition; Occlusion; Pedestrians; Small target pedestrian detection; soft thresholding; Target detection
• ISSN: 2169-3536; 2169-3536
• DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3244981

With the development of deep convolutional neural networks, the effect of pedestrian detection has been rapidly improved. However, there are still many problems in small target pedestrian detection, for example noise (such as light) interference, target occlusion, and low detection accuracy. In order to solve the above problems, based on YOLOv4 algorithm, this paper proposes an improved small target pedestrian detection algorithm named PF_YOLOv4. The algorithm is improved in three aspects on the basis of the YOLOv4 algorithm: firstly, a soft thresholding module is added to the residual structure of the backbone network to perform noise reduction process on interference factors, such as light to enhance the robustness of the algorithm; secondly, the depthwise separable convolution replaces the traditional convolution in the YOLOv4 residual structure, to reduce the number of network model parameters; finally, the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) is added after the output feature map of the backbone network to enhance of the network feature expression. Experimental results show that the PF_YOLOv4 algorithm outperforms most of the state-of-the-art algorithms in detecting small target pedestrians. The mean Average Precision (mAP) of the PF_YOLOv4 algorithm is 2.35% higher than that of the YOLOv4 algorithm and 9.67% higher than that of the YOLOv3 algorithm, while the detection speed is slightly higher than that of YOLOv4 algorithm.