β-2 Adrenergic Receptor Gene Variations, Blood Pressure, and Heart Size in Normal Twins
ABSTRACTGenetic variability, which influences cardiovascular phenotypes in normal persons, is likely to be relevant to cardiovascular disease. We studied normal monozygotic and dizygotic twins and found strong genetic influences on blood pressure and heart size. We then relied on the dizygotic twins...
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| Published in | Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979) Vol. 35; no. 2; p. 555 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Philadelphia, PA
American Heart Association, Inc
01.02.2000
Hagerstown, MD Lippincott |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0194-911X 1524-4563 1524-4563 |
| DOI | 10.1161/01.HYP.35.2.555 |
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| Abstract | ABSTRACTGenetic variability, which influences cardiovascular phenotypes in normal persons, is likely to be relevant to cardiovascular disease. We studied normal monozygotic and dizygotic twins and found strong genetic influences on blood pressure and heart size. We then relied on the dizygotic twins and their parents to apply molecular genetic techniques. We performed a linkage analysis with markers close to the β-2 adrenergic receptor (AR) gene locus in the dizygotic twins and their parents and found strong evidence for linkage to the quantitative traits of blood pressure and heart size. We then used allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to genotype the subjects further. We performed an association analysis and found that 4 functionally relevant polymorphisms in the β-2 AR gene, namely Arg16/Gly, Gln27/Glu, Thr164/Ile, and a variant in the promoter region (−47C/T), were variably associated with blood pressure and heart size differences but were in linkage dysequilibrium with each other. A subsequent conditional analysis suggested that the Arg16/Gly polymorphism exerted the predominant effect. These findings underscore the importance of the β-2 AR gene to blood pressure regulation, heart size, and probably to the development of hypertension. We suggest that a combined linkage and association approach will elucidate the genetic variability influencing blood pressure and other cardiovascular phenotypes. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Genetic variability, which influences cardiovascular phenotypes in normal persons, is likely to be relevant to cardiovascular disease. We studied normal monozygotic and dizygotic twins and found strong genetic influences on blood pressure and heart size. We then relied on the dizygotic twins and their parents to apply molecular genetic techniques. We performed a linkage analysis with markers close to the beta-2 adrenergic receptor (AR) gene locus in the dizygotic twins and their parents and found strong evidence for linkage to the quantitative traits of blood pressure and heart size. We then used allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to genotype the subjects further. We performed an association analysis and found that 4 functionally relevant polymorphisms in the beta-2 AR gene, namely Arg16/Gly, Gln27/Glu, Thr164/Ile, and a variant in the promoter region (-47C/T), were variably associated with blood pressure and heart size differences but were in linkage dysequilibrium with each other. A subsequent conditional analysis suggested that the Arg16/Gly polymorphism exerted the predominant effect. These findings underscore the importance of the beta-2 AR gene to blood pressure regulation, heart size, and probably to the development of hypertension. We suggest that a combined linkage and association approach will elucidate the genetic variability influencing blood pressure and other cardiovascular phenotypes. ABSTRACTGenetic variability, which influences cardiovascular phenotypes in normal persons, is likely to be relevant to cardiovascular disease. We studied normal monozygotic and dizygotic twins and found strong genetic influences on blood pressure and heart size. We then relied on the dizygotic twins and their parents to apply molecular genetic techniques. We performed a linkage analysis with markers close to the β-2 adrenergic receptor (AR) gene locus in the dizygotic twins and their parents and found strong evidence for linkage to the quantitative traits of blood pressure and heart size. We then used allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to genotype the subjects further. We performed an association analysis and found that 4 functionally relevant polymorphisms in the β-2 AR gene, namely Arg16/Gly, Gln27/Glu, Thr164/Ile, and a variant in the promoter region (−47C/T), were variably associated with blood pressure and heart size differences but were in linkage dysequilibrium with each other. A subsequent conditional analysis suggested that the Arg16/Gly polymorphism exerted the predominant effect. These findings underscore the importance of the β-2 AR gene to blood pressure regulation, heart size, and probably to the development of hypertension. We suggest that a combined linkage and association approach will elucidate the genetic variability influencing blood pressure and other cardiovascular phenotypes. Abstract —Genetic variability, which influences cardiovascular phenotypes in normal persons, is likely to be relevant to cardiovascular disease. We studied normal monozygotic and dizygotic twins and found strong genetic influences on blood pressure and heart size. We then relied on the dizygotic twins and their parents to apply molecular genetic techniques. We performed a linkage analysis with markers close to the β-2 adrenergic receptor (AR) gene locus in the dizygotic twins and their parents and found strong evidence for linkage to the quantitative traits of blood pressure and heart size. We then used allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to genotype the subjects further. We performed an association analysis and found that 4 functionally relevant polymorphisms in the β-2 AR gene, namely Arg16/Gly, Gln27/Glu, Thr164/Ile, and a variant in the promoter region (−47C/T), were variably associated with blood pressure and heart size differences but were in linkage dysequilibrium with each other. A subsequent conditional analysis suggested that the Arg16/Gly polymorphism exerted the predominant effect. These findings underscore the importance of the β-2 AR gene to blood pressure regulation, heart size, and probably to the development of hypertension. We suggest that a combined linkage and association approach will elucidate the genetic variability influencing blood pressure and other cardiovascular phenotypes. Genetic variability, which influences cardiovascular phenotypes in normal persons, is likely to be relevant to cardiovascular disease. We studied normal monozygotic and dizygotic twins and found strong genetic influences on blood pressure and heart size. We then relied on the dizygotic twins and their parents to apply molecular genetic techniques. We performed a linkage analysis with markers close to the beta-2 adrenergic receptor (AR) gene locus in the dizygotic twins and their parents and found strong evidence for linkage to the quantitative traits of blood pressure and heart size. We then used allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to genotype the subjects further. We performed an association analysis and found that 4 functionally relevant polymorphisms in the beta-2 AR gene, namely Arg16/Gly, Gln27/Glu, Thr164/Ile, and a variant in the promoter region (-47C/T), were variably associated with blood pressure and heart size differences but were in linkage dysequilibrium with each other. A subsequent conditional analysis suggested that the Arg16/Gly polymorphism exerted the predominant effect. These findings underscore the importance of the beta-2 AR gene to blood pressure regulation, heart size, and probably to the development of hypertension. We suggest that a combined linkage and association approach will elucidate the genetic variability influencing blood pressure and other cardiovascular phenotypes.Genetic variability, which influences cardiovascular phenotypes in normal persons, is likely to be relevant to cardiovascular disease. We studied normal monozygotic and dizygotic twins and found strong genetic influences on blood pressure and heart size. We then relied on the dizygotic twins and their parents to apply molecular genetic techniques. We performed a linkage analysis with markers close to the beta-2 adrenergic receptor (AR) gene locus in the dizygotic twins and their parents and found strong evidence for linkage to the quantitative traits of blood pressure and heart size. We then used allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to genotype the subjects further. We performed an association analysis and found that 4 functionally relevant polymorphisms in the beta-2 AR gene, namely Arg16/Gly, Gln27/Glu, Thr164/Ile, and a variant in the promoter region (-47C/T), were variably associated with blood pressure and heart size differences but were in linkage dysequilibrium with each other. A subsequent conditional analysis suggested that the Arg16/Gly polymorphism exerted the predominant effect. These findings underscore the importance of the beta-2 AR gene to blood pressure regulation, heart size, and probably to the development of hypertension. We suggest that a combined linkage and association approach will elucidate the genetic variability influencing blood pressure and other cardiovascular phenotypes. |
| Author | Jeschke, Eva Schuster, Herbert Li, Guo-Hua Hoehe, Margret R. Faulhaber, Hans-Dieter Busjahn, Andreas Rosenthal, Magda Becker, Albert Timmermann, Bernd Luft, Friedrich C. |
| AuthorAffiliation | From Franz Volhard Clinic and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Charité, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: From Franz Volhard Clinic and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Charité, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Andreas surname: Busjahn fullname: Busjahn, Andreas organization: From Franz Volhard Clinic and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Charité, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Guo-Hua surname: Li fullname: Li, Guo-Hua – sequence: 3 givenname: Hans-Dieter surname: Faulhaber fullname: Faulhaber, Hans-Dieter – sequence: 4 givenname: Magda surname: Rosenthal fullname: Rosenthal, Magda – sequence: 5 givenname: Albert surname: Becker fullname: Becker, Albert – sequence: 6 givenname: Eva surname: Jeschke fullname: Jeschke, Eva – sequence: 7 givenname: Herbert surname: Schuster fullname: Schuster, Herbert – sequence: 8 givenname: Bernd surname: Timmermann fullname: Timmermann, Bernd – sequence: 9 givenname: Margret surname: Hoehe middlename: R. fullname: Hoehe, Margret R. – sequence: 10 givenname: Friedrich surname: Luft middlename: C. fullname: Luft, Friedrich C. |
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| Keywords | Heart Human Volumetric analysis Phenotype Genetic variability Arterial pressure β2-Adrenergic receptor Circulatory system Hemodynamics Morphometry Genetic determinism Twin |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Alleles Analysis of Variance Biological and medical sciences Blood Pressure - genetics Blood Pressure - physiology Diastole Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Frequency Genetic Variation Genotype Heart - anatomy & histology Hemodynamics. Rheology Humans Male Phenotype Polymerase Chain Reaction Polymorphism, Genetic Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 - genetics Systole Twins, Dizygotic - genetics Twins, Dizygotic - statistics & numerical data Twins, Monozygotic - genetics Twins, Monozygotic - statistics & numerical data Vertebrates: cardiovascular system |
| Title | β-2 Adrenergic Receptor Gene Variations, Blood Pressure, and Heart Size in Normal Twins |
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