Role of the vessel morphology on the lenticulostriate arteries hemodynamics during atrial fibrillation: A CFD-based multivariate regression analysis

• Published in: Computer methods and programs in biomedicine Vol. 254; p. 108303
• Main Authors: Saglietto, Andrea, Tripoli, Francesco, Zwanenburg, Jaco, Biessels, Geert Jan, De Ferrari, Gaetano Maria, Anselmino, Matteo, Ridolfi, Luca, Scarsoglio, Stefania
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 01.09.2024
• Subjects: Atrial fibrillation; Cerebral circulation; Cognitive decline; Computational fluid dynamics; Lenticulostriate arteries; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multivariate regression analysis; Lenticulostriate arteries; Cognitive decline; Computational fluid dynamics; Magnetic resonance imaging; Atrial fibrillation; Cerebral circulation; Multivariate regression analysis
• ISSN: 0169-2607; 1872-7565; 1872-7565
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108303

•Hemodynamic alterations due to atrial fibrillation (AF) increase the risk of dementia.•Lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) are susceptible to vascular dementia development.•We combined MRI-based computational fluid dynamics and multivariate regression analyses.•The role of LSAs morphology on the cerebral hemodynamics during AF is investigated.•Few geometrical features identify LSA morphologies prone to AF-induced vascular damage. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, inducing accelerated and irregular beating. Beside well-known disabling symptoms - such as palpitations, reduced exercise tolerance, and chest discomfort - there is growing evidence that an alteration of deep cerebral hemodynamics due to AF increases the risk of vascular dementia and cognitive impairment, even in the absence of clinical strokes. The alteration of deep cerebral circulation in AF represents one of the least investigated among the possible mechanisms. Lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) are small perforating arteries mainly departing from the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and susceptible to small vessel disease, which is one of the mechanisms of subcortical vascular dementia development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of different LSAs morphologies on the cerebral hemodynamics during AF. By combining a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of LSAs with 7T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we performed different CFD-based multivariate regression analyses to detect which geometrical and morphological vessel features mostly affect AF hemodynamics in terms of wall shear stress. We exploited 17 cerebral 7T-MRI derived LSA vascular geometries extracted from 10 subjects and internal carotid artery data from validated 0D cardiovascular-cerebral modeling as inflow conditions. Our results revealed that few geometrical variables - namely the size of the MCA and the bifurcation angles between MCA and LSA - are able to satisfactorily predict the AF impact. In particular, the present study indicates that LSA morphologies exhibiting markedly obtuse LSA-MCA inlet angles and small MCA size downstream of the LSA-MCA bifurcation may be more prone to vascular damage induced by AF. The present MRI-based computational study has been able for the first time to: (i) investigate the net impact of LSAs vascular morphologies on cerebral hemodynamics during AF events; (ii) detect which combination of morphological features worsens the hemodynamic response in the presence of AF. Awaiting necessary clinical confirmation, our analysis suggests that the local hemodynamics of LSAs is affected by their geometrical features and some LSA morphologies undergo greater hemodynamic alterations in the presence of AF.