Renovascular Morphological Changes in a Rabbit Model of Hydronephrosis

• Published in: Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical sciences Vol. 34; no. 4; pp. 575 - 581
• Main Author: 李万强 董自强 周小兵 龙兵 张路生 杨简 周晓光 郑壬平 张杰
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Huazhong University of Science and Technology 01.08.2014; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China%Department of Urology, the First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University/Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang 443003, China%The Central Laboratory of Human Morphology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China%Department of Cardiology, the First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University/Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang 443003, China
• Subjects: Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Glomerular Basement Membrane - blood supply; Glomerular Basement Membrane - pathology; Glomerular Basement Membrane - physiopathology; Hydronephrosis - pathology; Hydronephrosis - physiopathology; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Rabbits; Renal Artery - pathology; Renal Artery - physiopathology; 三维重建; 形态学变化; 电子显微镜观察; 积水; 肾动脉; 肾病; 肾脏疾病; 超微结构变化; renal artery; ureteral obstruction; hydronephrosis; rabbit; vascular cast
• ISSN: 1672-0733; 1993-1352
• DOI: 10.1007/s11596-014-1318-9

Obstructive nephropathy ultimately leads to end-stage renal failure. Renovascular lesions are involved in various nephropathies, and most renal diseases have an ischemic component that underlies the resulting renal fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether morphological changes occur in the renal vasculature in hydronephrosis and the possible mechanisms involved. A model of complete unilateral ureteral obstruction（CUUO） was used. Experimental animals were divided into five groups： a normal control group（N） and groups of animals at 1st week（O1）, 2nd week（O2）, 4th week（O4） and 8th week（O8） after CUUO. Blood pressure was measured, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were assessed quantitatively, and renovascular three-dimensional reconstruction was performed on all groups. Glomerular ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in the obstructed groups（O1, O2, O4 and O8）. Three-dimensional reconstruction showed sparse arterial trees in the O8 group, and a tortuous and sometimes ruptured glomerular basement membrane was found in the O4 and O8 groups. Furthermore, epithelial media thickness and media/lumen ratio were increased, lumen diameters were decreased, and the cross-sectional area of the media was unaltered in the segmental renal artery, interlobar artery and afferent arterioles, respectively. In conclusion, renal arterial trees and glomeruli were dramatically altered following CUUO and the changes may be partially ascribed to vascular remodeling. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of renovascular morphological alterations will enable the development of potential therapeutic approaches for hydronephrosis.